Your search resulted in 3575 documents. Displaying 25 entries per page.
Study on the natural durability of Eucalyptus grandis wood from Argentina
2009 - IRG/WP 09-10689
In Argentina eucalypts are in second place of importance in planted area, after pines. Due to its high growth rates (from 35 to 55 m3/ha/yr), Eucalyptus grandis is the most important among the eucalypts planted in Argentina. Moreover, E. grandis is one of the species with the greatest potential in the country, because of its diversity of uses for high end and added value solid products. Due to the...
D Lorenzo, M T Troya, J C Piter, M Sánchez, C Baso
Study on the natural durability of Eucalyptus globulus wood from Spain
2009 - IRG/WP 09-10690
The wood of Eucalyptus globulus is recommended in some countries, such as Australia, due to its high durability, in risk situations where attack by organisms is likely to occur. In Galicia this species has been used for many decades for timber structures and other uses, which are still used. However, European Standard EN 350-2 places Eucalyptus globulus in the worst category of natural durability,...
D Lorenzo, M T Troya, M Touza, C Baso
Termite resistance of pure and mixed heartwood-sapwood Cypress (Cupressus sempervirens L.) plywoods
2009 - IRG/WP 09-10693
The main objective of this research was to evaluate the ability of different plywoods made of durable heartwood and/or non-durable sapwood to resist termite damage. The well-known durable cypress (Cupressus sempervirens) was chosen for this study. The natural durability of cypress solid wood, divided into sapwood and heartwood, as well as the durability of 17 different laboratory manufactured plyw...
F Faraji, M-F Thévenon, B Thibaut
Antinomic natural self-protection mechanism in long-lasting woods: a case study with three tropical species from French Guiana
2009 - IRG/WP 09-10696
We demonstrate in this work through 3 examples that Amazonian trees may specialize long-lasting woods by means of at least to different approaches. Wallaba impregnates its wood with large amounts of weakly antifungal compounds acting in synergy, while tatajuba and louro vermelho woods are naturally impregnated with antifungal agents. Comparison of biological activities in vitro and concentrations ...
A Rodrigues, M Royer, N Amusant, J Beauchêne, G Herbette, V Eparvier, A Thibaut, L Salmen Espíndola, B Thibaut, D Stien
Wood characterization of Tetraclinas articulata and evaluation of its resistance against lignilolytic fungi
2009 - IRG/WP 09-10697
Coniferous trees of the Tetraclinis articulata known under the Common name thuja from Berberie, is an endemic species from North Africa. The solid wood is much appreciated for its natural beauty and homogeneity and its quality for marquetry and furniture. The aim is to improve Tetraclinis articulate uses. At present, its wood is widely underestimated and sub-used compared to its announced qualitie...
F El Bouhtoury-Charrier, A Hakam, A Famiri, M Ziani, B Charrier
Effects of cold treatment on wood destroying fungi important in cultural heritage
2009 - IRG/WP 09-10706
The dry rot fungus Serpula lacrymans (Wulfen:Fr.) Schroeter is notorious in building environments for its vitality, destructive potential, and the huge costs associated with remediation of damage caused to wood of cultural heritage. Due to the potentially adverse of effects of chemical treatment methods such as have been attempted in the past, more benign physical methods of treatment, e.g. heat t...
M Lüdicke, W Unger, G Binker
Durability and fungal colonisation patterns in wood samples after six years in soil contact evaluated with qPCR, microscopy, TGA, chitin- and ergosterol assays
2009 - IRG/WP 09-20402
There is a need to establish new objective and sensitive methods for early detection and quantification of decay fungi in wood materials. Molecular methods have proven to be a useful tool within wood protection issues, however, this field is still poorly explored and so far relatively few have used these methods within the field of wood deterioration. Among the techniques used in the indirect quan...
A Pilgård, G Alfredsen, I Børja, C Björdal
Ensure Durable Wood-Frame Construction under the Climate and Biological Hazards in Shanghai
2009 - IRG/WP 09-20413
This paper provides technical background for developing durability-related provisions for the Shanghai wood-frame construction code. It summarizes the related climate, decay and termite hazards in this area as well as traditional durability solutions used for wood and wood hybrid constructions in China. The overall durability principles or philosophy used throughout this durability chapter are to ...
Jieying Wang, Chun Ni, Jiahua Zhang
Fungal decay resistance and durability of wood products made from borax-impregnated wood and bonded with corn starch and tannin adhesive
2009 - IRG/WP 09-30494
At present, the production of wood composites mainly relies on the petrochemical-based and formaldehyde-based adhesives such as phenol formaldehyde (PF) resins and urea formaldehyde (UF) resins, which are non-renewable and therefore ultimately limited in supply. This paper concerns the decay resistance of wood products bonded with a new, environment-friendly adhesive derived from abundant and rene...
A Moubarik, A Pizzi, A Allal, F Charrier, B Charrier
Differential response of wood to dry air thermal treatment (DATT) and soy oil thermal treatment (SOTT)
2009 - IRG/WP 09-40446
Thermal treatment is an alternative to chemical modification method which has been used to some extent in improving timber quality. In order to get the maximum benefits possible without compromising the various end-use quality requirements of timber, several possibilities have been and are still being investigated in relation to this technique. Clear wood samples (19 x 19 x 150mm) of kiln-dried re...
L Awoyemi
Effects of concentration and temperature of CCA and CCB on wood strength of Turkish fir (Abies bornmulleriana Mattf.)
2009 - IRG/WP 09-40450
The purpose of this study was to present evidence for the effects of concentration and temperature of solutions of water-borne preservatives (chromated copper arsenate, CCA and chromated copper boron, CCB) on the static bending properties (modulus of elasticity, MOE and modulus of rupture, MOR) of Turkish fir (Abies bornmulleriana Mattf.). Wood samples were mechanically tested after a mild full ce...
I Usta, M Hale
Microwave Surface Modification of Radiata Pine Peeler Cores for Preservative Treatment
2009 - IRG/WP 09-40453
Radiata pine peeler cores are classified as a by-product derived from the cores of logs left over after the veneer peeling process. The core can be potentially developed for value added solid wood products as it is abundantly available and has a constant diameter. However, the core needs to be preservative treated because of low durability in ground contact. An additional problem is that the wood ...
K Sugiyanto, G Torgovnikov, P Vinden
Wettability and bonding strength of wood thermally-treated with different combinations of soy oil and chemical additives
2009 - IRG/WP 09-40454
Thermal treatment is a method which has gained wider acceptability as an alternative to the chemical treatment in wood preservation. In order to maximize the benefits of this technique several options have been adopted including the use of soy oil in transferring the heat to the wood. Available information on thermal treatment in general and the oil method in particular show that there are still n...
L Awoyemi, P A Cooper, T Ung
Barefoot-heat-impact of oil-heat-treated wood: An important thermal property of decking boards
2009 - IRG/WP 09-40458
In this study the phenomenon of sensual heat impression was examined, when walking with bare feet on sun exposed wood based decking boards. A suitable method for measuring the heat flux from decking boards into an artificial foot was developed. The method and measuring device is described as well as results from measuring three different decking board materials: Oil-heat-treated spruce (OHT), untr...
A O Rapp, C R Welzbacher, C Brischke
Properties of thermally modified wood of Eucalyptus globulus from Spanish plantations
2009 - IRG/WP 09-40469
This article provides the results of a study about the properties of thermally modified wood of the Southern blue gum (Eucalyptus globulus L.) from Spanish plantations. Although this specie is mainly used for chipping to obtain boards and paper pulp, its high mechanical and strength properties provide great potential for structural use or different solid wood products. A comparison of the properti...
Ó González Prieto, M C Touza
The effect of chemical changes on the wood-moisture relationships in thermally-modified wood
2009 - IRG/WP 09-40473
Small specimens of three wood species were thermally modified following twenty schedules in the 190-245°C temperature range for treatment times between 0.3 and 16 h. Five wood-moisture relations were subsequently determined, namely: anti-swelling efficiency (ASE), movement, hygroscopicity (adsorption and desorption), transversal swelling (radial and tangential directions), and equilibrium moistur...
M M González-Peña, M D C Hale
Microscopy evaluation of microbial decay patterns in wood stakes after 6 years in soil contact
2010 - IRG/WP 10-10715
Most studies on wood modification have so far been concerned with service life predictions rather than investigating the decay protection mechanism. Very little is known about the mode of action of these new treatments and about the strategies used by wood degraders in order to utilize the wood material despite a treatment. Access to such knowledge would allow further modification and improvement ...
A Pilgård, C G Björdal
Influence of extractives on durability of Cupressus lusitanica heartwood
2010 - IRG/WP 10-10716
Identification of extractives present in Cupressus lusitanica heartwood has been conducted using GC-MS analyses. The chromatogram of toluene/ethanol extracts indicated the presence of high amounts of benzaldehyde and numerous of terpenic compounds such as cedrol, agathadiol, epimanool, bornyl acetate, -cedrene and -cedrene. Effect of extractives on cypress natural durability has be...
A Mohareb, P Sirmah, L Desharnais, S Dumarçay, M Pétrissans, P Gérardin
Non-structural carbohydrates mobilization throughout the stem of Tectona grandis: A strategy for enhancing the wood natural durability
2010 - IRG/WP 10-10729
Non-structural carbohydrates (NSC) storage is an important feature of heartwood substances formation. Radial distributions of NSC before and after chemical (acid and basic) hydrolysis, were quantified using a spectrophotometric method after enzymatic reaction and the corresponding macromolecules of conjugated NSC analyzed by HPLC, were studied in teak stem with reference to wood in environmental c...
B F Niamké, N Amusant, D Stien, A Amissa Adima, C Jay-Allemand
Natural durability of Mulberry wood from Iran
2010 - IRG/WP 10-10737
Mulberry wood (Morus alba L.) is traditionally used in Iran to manufacture music instruments such as tar and setar. But little is know and contradictory statements are found on the natural durability of Morus alba. Moreover, in many cases, Iranian instrument makers leave freshly cut Mulberry timber into water (cold or hot) for a time period depending on the craftsman habit, without any real knowle...
A Se Golpayegani, M-F Thevenon, J Gril, K Pourtahmasi
Decay Resistance of Maple (Acer Insigne) Wood Against White Rot
2010 - IRG/WP 10-10740
In this study, the decay resistance of maple (Acer insigne) in natural state and treated with ACC (Acid copper chromate) was investigated against the white rot fungus (Coriolus versicolor). ACC is a kind of water borne preservatives that was used in this study for treating specimens under vacuum and pressure (Bethell procedure) with 3 percent concentration. In conducting mentioned evaluation, koll...
V Tazakor Rezaei
The biological durability approach for wood product performance and service life prediction
2010 - IRG/WP 10-20457
The performance of wood-based products under conditions that enable biodegradation are of concern to all who envisage sustainable use of forest based products. This concern is also the basis of classification of wood species on the basis of their biological durability. Engineers are looking for options to transfer such classification into practical service life values for constructions and related...
J Van Acker, J Van den Bulcke, L De Boever
Improved analysis of field test data related to service life prediction of tropical wood species
2010 - IRG/WP 10-20458
Long field trials of wood in ground contact give valuable data on the natural durability of the material. The European Standard EN 350 gives guidance on how to perform these durability classification, but is limited to the use of averages of in-service life of a set of specimens compared to a reference set. Starting from a database of visual assessment of field stake testing, it is possible to obt...
J Van den Bulcke, A Wong, Ling Wang Choon, Yoon Soo Kim, J Van Acker
Use of Internal Remedial Treatment to Extend Wood Life at the Fort Vancouver National Historic Site
2010 - IRG/WP 10-30525
The condition of wood in a reconstructed fur trading fort was assessed over a 30 year period. Poor initial treatment had resulted in the development of extensive early decay. While supplemental treatment with chloropicrin and methylisothiocyanate had arrested the attack, the results suggested that remedial treatments were unable to completely overcome the initial problems associated with treatmen...
C S Love, C Freitag, J J Morrell
Mobility of Copper from MCQ in Shell-Treated Wood Exposed Above Ground
2010 - IRG/WP 10-30534
Most Canadian treated decking in service has been given just a thin shell of preservative treatment but it has still performed very well. This is because copper migrated into checks and prevented germination of basidiospores on the freshly exposed untreated wood. Unlike soluble copper systems, MCQ has its copper primarily in the form of small basic copper carbonate particles. For MCQ to be effecti...
R Stirling, P I Morris