Your search resulted in 711 documents. Displaying 25 entries per page.
The natural durability story
1997 - IRG/WP 97-20119
Wood species with superior natural durability were in use since the beginning of timber utilisation. Their importance decreased with increasing industrial timber impregnation. In recent time, however, they gained worldwide new interest due to environmental problems involved with treated timber. In Europe a special Standard (EN 350) has been published and a multinational research project on testing...
H Willeitner, R-D Peek
The practice of using concrete on wood piling for marine use in Thailand
1982 - IRG/WP 492
The practice of using concrete on wooden poles has been carried on in Thailand for a long time in pile-houses and pier constructions which have been situated in, or partly in the sea. In such instances, the hewed round and/or square-sawn heartwood poles of naturally durable timber species have been coated with concrete of about 5 to 10 cm or more in thickness, and to about 100 cm above the highest...
B Anuwongse
Marine trial progress report
1980 - IRG/WP 453
In May 1977 and May 1978, tests of new chemical formulations for the protection of timber in the sea were installed in Mt. Maunganui Harbour. Investigation into new preservatives for such usage was urgently required since it had been found that there was progressive leaching of copper from copper-chrome-arsenate treated marine piles which could lead to a reduction in their service life. Hochmann (...
A F Preston, C M Chittenden
IRG/COIPM INTERNATIONAL MARINE TEST - to determine the effect of timber substrate on the effectiveness of water-borne salt preservatives in sea-water. Progress Report 21: Report of eighth inspection (7 years) in Australia
1985 - IRG/WP 4119
This report tabulates the seven year (86 month) inspection results, obtained on 28 Fabruary l985, of the IRG/COIPM International Marine Test at Goat Island, Australia. This test was installed in December 1977. The results are given in Tables 1-6. Table 7 lists the number of marine borers identified from blocks (2 cm and 6 cm long respectively) cut from the ends of specimens removed at the previous...
L J Cookson, J E Barnacle
Laboratory bioassays with termites – The importance of termite biology
2005 - IRG/WP 05-10550
Subterranean termites are frequently used in bioassays to asses the effectiveness of insecticides or the resistance of materials. Termites which appear to be vigorous with high inherent levels of activity are often relied upon, yet at the end of the experiments survival may be very unsatisfactory, even in the favourable environment of controls. Consequently, results from such bioassays may be mean...
M Lenz
Laboratory aquaria evaluation of CDDC (copper dimethyldithiocarbamate) against marine borers
1998 - IRG/WP 98-10262
The performance of CDDC (copper dimethyldithiocarbamate) and CCA (copper chrome arsenic) treated timber blocks was examined in a 1.5 year aquaria bioassay against the marine borers Limnoria tripunctata Menzies and Lyrodus pedicellatus (Quatrefages). Three timbers, southern yellow pine (SYP), Pinus radiata D. Don and Eucalyptus regnans F. Muell were treated with CDDC to retentions of 16, 32, 48 and...
L J Cookson, C R McIntyre, D Scown
Effect of boron compounds-furfuryl alcohol treatment of wood on dimensional stability, termite resistance and boron leachability
2001 - IRG/WP 01-40195
Sapwood blocks of Japanese cedar (Cryptomeria japonica) and Caribbean pitch pine (Pinus caribaea) measuring 20 (tangential) x 20 (radial) x 10 (longitudinal) mm were impregnated with furfuryl alcohol (FFA) by a vacuum-diffusion process followed by curing under heating. Boron compounds (boric acid, ammonium borate and ammonium biborate) were mixed in the impregnation solution of FFA. Anti- swelling...
S K Ozaki, M K Yalinkilic, Y Imamura, M F Souza
Termite and fungal resistance of in situ polymerized tributyltin acrylate and acetylated Indonesian and USA wood
2000 - IRG/WP 00-30219
Wood [Indonesian pine (IP), Indonesian Jabon (IJ) and USA southern yellow pine (USP)] was either in situ polymerized with tributyltin acrylate (TBTA) or acetylated and then exposed to termite and fungal degradation both in laboratory tests and field exposure. The TBTA woods had an average weight percent gain (WPG) of 11% for IP, 12% for IJ, and 10% for USP. The acetylated woods had a WPG of 15-27%...
R E Ibach, Y S Hadi, D Nandika, S Yusuf, Y Indrayani
Effects of two wood preservatives and one water repellant on the settlement of fouling communities in a tropical marine environment
2002 - IRG/WP 02-30293
Observations made on recruitment of fouling organisms on treated panels exposed at an Indian harbour, Krishnapatnam on the east coast (Lat: 13028’ to 13059’ N; Long: 80010’ to 80016’ E) during November, 1997 to October, 1999 are reported and compared with fouling communities on control panels. Wooden panels of Erythrina variegata, Paraserianthus falcataria, Tetrameles nudiflora an...
B Tarakanadha, K S Rao
Resistance of various wood species against decay by Coniophora cerebella (Pers) Duby and Lenzites trabea (Pers) Bres
1976 - IRG/WP 142
Both fungi, Coniophora cerebella and Lenzites trabea, are important destroyers of timber. Coniophora often occurs inside buildings and Lenzites trabea has been observed on southern facades of buildings, on balconies and window frames. In most instances that we investigated coniferous timber had been decayed. But both species are known to attack also various hardwoods. For this reason tests similar...
O Wälchli
Premature failure of treated timber in wharfs in Papua New Guinea, attributed to defects in design
1991 - IRG/WP 4158
The performance of timber in wharfs in Papua New Guinea has been monitored for a number of years. Premature failure of wharf structures was found in many cases to be due to defects in design rather than ineffective preservative treatment. Above-water timbers were found to be prone to severe checking followed by decay. Protection for the end grain of pile tops and the limiting of radial checking in...
S M Cragg
Studies on the resistance of DMDHEU treated wood against white-rot and brown-rot fungi
2005 - IRG/WP 05-10566
Beech wood (Fagus sylvatica) modified with the textile finishing agent 1,3 dimethylol-4,5-dihydroxyethylen urea (DMDHEU) has shown to improve durability against the white-rot fungus Trametes versicolor. In a mini-block test, the weight loss over eight weeks of incubation decreased with increasing weight percent gain (WPG) of DMDHEU. At 25% WPG, no significant weight loss was observed, while untrea...
P Verma, C Mai, A Krause, H Militz
Lignicolous marine fungi from panels of different timbers exposed along Goa coast (India)
1993 - IRG/WP 93-10037
Colonisation by marine fungi on panels of thirty species of Indian timbers, ten species of imported timbers, marine plywood (coated with polyurethane as well as uncoated) and also on panels of five timber species treated with Copper-Chrome-Arsenic (CCA) and Copper-Chrome-Boric (CCB) preservatives, was studied by exposing test blocks in the Mandovi estuary, Goa (West coast of India) for periods ran...
L N Santhakumaran, S Chinnaraj, S G Sawant
Factors affecting resistance to sapstain infection in freshly felled softwood logs
2003 - IRG/WP 03-10467
Previous studies in the UK have shown a marked difference in the susceptibility of logs of five softwood species to infection by sapstain fungi over a 4 month field trial. Recently this result has been confirmed and the rank order of greatest to least susceptibility in these commercially important species is lodgepole pine > Scots pine > Norway spruce > Japanese larch > Sitka spruce. C...
E J Young, R A Eaton, J F Webber, M A W Hill
IRG/COIPM INTERNATIONAL MARINE TEST - to determine the effect of timber substrate on the effectiveness of water-borne salt preservatives in sea-water. Progress Report 6: Report of third inspection (24 months) in Australia
1980 - IRG/WP 456
This report presents the results of the third inspection of the IRG/COIPM International Marine Test specimens installed at the Goat Island Marine Biological Station of the Maritime Services Board of New South Wales, in Sydney Harbour. The inspection was completed on 5th December, 1979, after 24 months exposure. As on previous occasions, this inspection was carried out in conformity with the provis...
J Beesley
The effect of wood preservatives on the relation between the electric resistance and moisture content in scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) sapwood
1998 - IRG/WP 98-20142
The effect of two types wood preservatives (TBTO and CuHDO) on moisture content measurements with an electric resistance meter in pine sapwood is assessed. High and low concentration impregnated pine sapwood is climatized at different relative humidities. Once climatized the samples are weighed and the moisture content is measured with an electric resistance meter by fixed stainless steel, isolate...
B W Holleboom, W J Homan
Observations on the morphology, ecology and biology of Xylophaga dorsalis (Turton) (Mollusca: Xylophagainae) in the Trondheimsfjord (Western Norway)
1981 - IRG/WP 475
The paper deals with various aspects of the systematics, ecology and biology of the little known pholad wood-borer, Xylophaga dorsalis (Turton) of the Trondheimsfjord (Western Norway). Diagnostic characters of the species have been given based on examination of fresh living specimens and accommodating the several morphological variations. A key to the identification of Norwegian species of Xylopha...
L N Santhakumaran
A field method for determining the above-ground resistance of wood and wood products to attack by subterranean termite
1994 - IRG/WP 94-20035
A method for determining the above-ground resistance of wood and wood products to subterranean termites in the field is described. Termites are aggregated in 20-litre steel drums, each containing a highly susceptible timber substrate. At the centre of each drum, specimens of the test material under evaluation are sandwiched, using circular sections of wire mesh, between two layers of the substrate...
J W Creffield
IRG/COIPM INTERNATIONAL MARINE TEST - to determine the effect of timber substrate on the effectiveness of water-borne salt preservatives in sea-water. Progress Report 14: Report of fifth inspection (48 months) in Australia
1982 - IRG/WP 484
This report presents the results of the fifth inspection of the IRG/ COIPM Internatlonal Marine Test specimens installed in Sydney Harbour in December, 1977. This inspection took place on 9th December, 1981, just 48 months after the specimens were installed. Earlier reports have contained full details of the treatment and installation of the specimens as well as results of all previous inspections...
J Beesley
Examination of algal and wood extracts for the control of marine borers
1999 - IRG/WP 99-10306
Extracts obtained from a marine alga and white cypress pine (Callitris glaucophylla J. Thompson & L.J. Johnson) were examined for their ability to control marine borers. In a two week laboratory bioassay, filter papers were soaked in 0-8% extract concentrations, dried, and placed with Limnoria quadripunctata Holthuis in Petri dishes containing seawater. The 8% algal extract virtually prevented...
D Scown, L J Cookson, R De Nys
Resistance of wood inorganic material composites against decay fungi and subterranean termites
1996 - IRG/WP 96-40062
Double diffusion process was applied to the treatment of small sound sapwood specimens [20(T) x 20(R) x 10(L) mm³] of Cryptomeria japonica D. Don. The specimens were consecutively dipped in the two kinds of acqueous solutions to form water insoluble deposits within the wood after an expected reaction between the solutes. Following the comparison of deposits formed and treating conditions (tempera...
K Tsunoda, T Yoshimura, M Takahashi, S Hirao, H Usui
Efficacy of anhydrides as wood protection chemicals
1997 - IRG/WP 97-30162
Wood samples treated with anhydrides of various compositions have been examined for their decay resistance and moisture behaviour. For this purpose two brown rot fungi (Coniophora puteana and Gloeophyllum trabeum) and two white rot fungi (Trametes versicolor and Pycnoporus sanguineus) were used in conventional and modified soil block tests. The modified soil block tests conformed to the method as ...
S C Forster, M D C Hale, G R Williams
Does Limnoria lignorum (Rathke) or other cold-water xylophagous limnoriid species exist in southern oceans?
1989 - IRG/WP 4152
The question is posed whether the cold-water limnoriid wood borer Limnoria lignorum (Rathke), or any other such cold-water limnoriid exists in southern oceans. The evidence of collections from various high latitude southern coastlines is cited and the singular absence of any cold-water limnoriid borer noted. The need for further. and possibly extensive, searches for such borers is stressed. i.e. i...
J E Barnacle, L J Cookson
Resistance of acetylated wood to basidiomycetes, soft rot and blue stain
1994 - IRG/WP 94-40021
Poplar (Populus spp.), beech (Fagus sylvatica) and pine sapwood (Pinus sylvestris) samples were acetylated in a semi-industrial acetylation plant and tested for durability according to European standards. Resistance to Gloeophyllum trabeum, Coniophora puteana and Coriolus versicolor could be reached at a weight percent gain (WPG) of 12%. Susceptibility of acetylated pine to Poria placenta was high...
E P J Beckers, H Militz, M Stevens
Durability of Anogeissus acuminata timber used for plank-built catamarans
2005 - IRG/WP 05-10551
Catamaran, the most versatile traditional fishing craft used along the Indian coast is made hitherto of solid timber of a few selected species of broad-leaved soft woods. Due to scarcity coupled with high cost of these timbers, the craft, of late, are fabricated from the wooden planks of an indigenous hardwood species, namely, Anogeissus acuminata (Yon) belonging to the family Combretaceae. Infor...
M V Rao, M Balaji, V Kuppusamy, K S Rao