Your search resulted in 1638 documents. Displaying 25 entries per page.
Reduction of kiln brown stain in radiata pine lumber after log fumigation with methyl bromide
1997 - IRG/WP 97-30129
Methyl bromide fumigation of freshly felled radiata pine log sections effectively killed living cells in parenchyma to at least 75mm into sapwood. Lumber cut from logs (fumigated and control) stored 1 month outdoors (dry) showed slightly reduced brown stain when kiln dried at conventional temperatures. A more dramatic reduction and elimination of brown stain was noted in lumber cut from fumigated ...
E Schmidt, M E Hedley, D R Page, D Cross
Diffusion modeling of inorganic wood preservative leaching in service
2005 - IRG/WP 05-50224-5
To evaluate the potential environmental and health implications of leaching of inorganic wood preservatives in service under different conditions, there is a need for a predictive model that provides estimates of the rate and extent of leaching over a wide range of product dimensions and exposure conditions. In this paper, we show that the leaching behavior of inorganic preservative components fr...
L Waldron, P A Cooper, Y T Ung
Accelerated termicidal performance data for new water-based copper linoleate formulations
1996 - IRG/WP 96-30104
An organic solvent based copper linoleate (Culin) has proved itself as an effective wood preservative in long term field trials in South Africa over a period of 30 years. Whilst the organic solvent based product offers good wood preservative performance, primary industrial interest has been in an emulsified version of the product. The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of two di...
D Conradie, P Turner
Improved preservative penetration of spruce after pre-treatment with selected fungi. I. Fungal pre-treatment of pole sections
1998 - IRG/WP 98-40117
European spruce logs were pre-treated with either Phanaerochete chrysosporium, Dichomitus squalens, Trichoderma viride and Trichoderma aureoviride for incubation periods of between 1-4 weeks prior to pressure treatment with creosote in a commercial treatment plant and analysed for strength and creosote uptake (see part II Tucker et al.). A method to pre-treat logs was optimised. The pole sections ...
B Rosner, K Messner, E J B Tucker, A Bruce
Investigation of extracellular mucilaginous material in some wood decay fungi
1996 - IRG/WP 96-10188
The external morphology of the extracellular mucilagenous material (ECM) produced by Coriolus versicolor and Coniophora puteana during colonization of Scots pine and beech was studies using SEM. Specimens were examined in the frozen hydrated, freeze-dried and critical point dried state. All technics produced artefacts but the ECM was best preserved when examined the frozen hydated state. Critical ...
A R Abu, D J Dickinson, R J Murphy
Developments in unsterile soil soft rot testing
1984 - IRG/WP 2210
Two unsterile soil test methods, the soil burial technique and a method using vermiculite burial with soil inoculation, were compared using different soils to determine their effectiveness in evaluation of wood preservatives against soft rot. Isolation of fungi and microscopy of decayed wood indicated that both methods produced accelerated soft rot attack in treated and untreated birch. Vermiculit...
P A McKaig
Biocontrol of Reticulitermes santonensis by entomopathogenic fungi
1999 - IRG/WP 99-10324
Biocontrol of subterranean termites by entomopathogenic fungi has already been studied but little work has been done on Reticulitermes santonensis. This paper deals with the screening of 8 fungi strains for their pathogenicity towards R. santonensis. Spores from Metarhizium anisopliae, Beauveria bassiana and Absidia coerulea were used to contaminate 25 termite workers in petri dishes. Bioassays we...
I Le Bayon, D Ansard, C Brunet, I Paulmier, A-M Pruvost
Fruitbody formation and basidiosporogenesis by the white rot fungus Pycnoporus cinnabarinus
1988 - IRG/WP 1348
Conditions for fruitbody formation by the white rot fungus Pycnoporus cinnabarinus in vitro were outlined. A marked difference in substrate requirements in comparison to previously tested brown rot fungi was revealed. Agar media containing Walseth cellulose and NH4 tartrate at 1 g/l permit profound production of basidiospores particularly at 15°C but only under light treatment. Higher NH4 tartrat...
J Bjurman
Collaborative soft rot tests: Tests conducted at Princes Risborough and Delft on soil samples from collaborating laboratories
1972 - IRG/WP 210
The laboratories which took part in the original collaborative soft rot test (Savory and Bravery, Holz u Org 5 (1) 58-90, 1970) sent samples of the soil used in the original test to Princes Risborough. Portions of this material were sent to Dr Hof for soil analyses at TNO and the remainder was employed at Princes Risborough for the conduct of comparative tests of soil virulence when used as a comb...
J G Savory
Silicon tetrachloride: A potential wood preservative
1980 - IRG/WP 3133
In its present form, this paper is a preliminary draft of a paper that will eventually be submitted for publication in the Forest Products Journal. We are continuing the work on the effects of silicon tetrachloride on wood and expect to have additional data for the meeting in May 1980. Specifically we are measuring the penetration rate and depth of SiCl4, and we are chemically analyzing the treate...
C W Owens, W T Shortle, A L Shigo
Preservative treatment of rubber wood (Hevea brasiliensis) to increase its service life
2005 - IRG/WP 05-40320
Rubber wood (Hevea brasiliensis) possess excellent properties for interior designing, wood working and furniture making. But it is very much susceptible to sap stain and mould fungi which decreases the service life. For profitable uses , it is necessary to increase the service life of rubber wood. To protect the rubber wood from wood degrading agents, the sawn timber were treated with Borax – b...
K Akhter
Determination of the amine to copper ratio remaining in wood after leaching
2002 - IRG/WP 02-30285
The effectiveness of the protection and the environmental impact of the treated wood are two of the most important aspects that need to be understood for all preservatives. Both are particularly influenced by the loss of biocidal components from treated wood. For amine copper preservatives, copper fixation determines the leaching resistance of the copper and amine compounds formed in wood. Previou...
N Lucas, J N R Ruddick
Proposal for a simple methodology for the evaluation of the preventive effectiveness of protectors applied in superficial treatments against basidiomycetes fungi
1999 - IRG/WP 99-20167
Due to the considerable effect that the relation between the lateral surface and the volume of wood blocks has on superficial treatments, this work has attempted to determine the ideal size which allows to evaluate the effectiveness of a preservative in the shortest possible time. Three wood blocks of different dimensions were tested. In addition, as it is necessary to neutralise the effect of the...
M T De Troya, A Navarrete, F Rubio, M Yuste, C Rodríguez-Borrajo, D Muñoz-Mingarro, F Llinares
Effect of thickened boron in preventing conidial germination of sapwood-inhabiting fungi
1994 - IRG/WP 94-30059
We evaluated the efficacy of thickened boron preservative "Diffusolä" in preventing conidia germination of sapwood-inhabiting fungi using plate bioassay, Southern Yellow Pine and sweetgum block tests, and green pine log sections. The test fungi were sapstain fungi Ceratocystis coerulescens, Ceratocystis minor, and Aureobasidum pullulans and mold fungi, Aspergillus niger, Penicillium spp, and Tric...
S C Croan
Leaching of arsenic, copper and chrome from preservative-treated timber in playground equipment
1984 - IRG/WP 3149
Samples were taken from CCA-treated timber in sand play boxes and other play ground equipment. Sand was also sampled. Sand and wood samples were analysed for copper, chrome and arsenic by AAS. About 20-25% of the arsenic had leached from the timber after 2-4 year's exposure in the playgrounds. Very little of the copper and chrome had been leached. Sand collected in the close vicinity of t...
B Henningsson, B Carlsson
Collaborative soft rot tests: Statistical treatment of results of soil analyses
1971 - IRG/WP 29
Institutes taking part in the collaborative experiments already reported forwarded samples of the soils employed in the tests to the Forest Products Research Laboratory, England. The soils were then autoclaved sterilised under uniform conditions and sent to the Department of Forest Soils, the Royal College of Forestry, Stockholm, Sweden. The results of the soil analyses are given in Table 1, toget...
A F Bravery
IRG/COIPM INTERNATIONAL MARINE TEST - to determine the effect of timber substrate on the effectiveness of water-borne salt preservatives in sea-water. Progress Report 5: Interim report
1980 - IRG/WP 454
Wood samples (15 x 2 x 2 cm³) were treated with one copper/chrome/arsenic (CCA) and one copper/chrome/boron (CCB) preservative using the following concentrations - O, 3, 6, 10%. Treated samples of three reference wood species - Alstonia scholaris, Fagus sylvatica, Pinus sylvestris were supplied to all participants. Additional local species were chosen by participants and included in the test at t...
R A Eaton
Design of a laboratory method for evaluating the effectiveness of soft rot preservatives
1988 - IRG/WP 2312
This purpose of this work was to design a method which makes it possible to evaluate the effectiveness of products which present protect wood against soft rot, using new products·of a different nature, on wood of·Pinus sylvestris L. and Fagus sylvatica L., and which, suitably applied, avoid big economic losses deriving from lack of knowledge of the active principles suitable to present protect w...
M T De Troya, A M Navarrete
Practical experiments with Boracol 10 Rh used as a fungicide in the repair process after attack by the dry rot fungus (Serpula lacrymans)
1987 - IRG/WP 3458
The test is carried out in an old house in Nyhavn, Copenhagen. The roof and the walls close to were heavily attacked by dry rot fungus (Serpula lacrymans) because damage to the zinc covering the frontspice were letting in water to the wood and wall construction. An attack by the dry rot fungus is more complicated to repair compared with other wood destroying fungi because beside the damage on wood...
J Bech-Andersen
Assessing the bioresistance conferred to solid wood by chemical modification
1997 - IRG/WP 97-40099
The chemical modification of wood using straight chain alkyl anhydrides can considerably enhance its durability. This paper presents an assessment of the effectiveness of these modifiers in improving the biological resistance of a susceptible softwood when exposed to four different basidiomycete fungi, soft rots and the larvae of the house longhorn beetle (Hylotrupes bajulus). It was clear that so...
E D Suttie, C A S Hill, D Jones, R J Orsler
Inhibitory effects of leachates from Scots pine wood on germination of some wood rotting fungi
1986 - IRG/WP 1282
Leachates from sapwood of Pinus sylvestris inhibited or reduced the germination of basidiospores of the wood decay fungi tested. The fungi were selected among those preferentially colonizing hardwood or softwood, representatives for brown rot and white rot fungi, early basidiomycete colonizers and late basidiomycete colonizers in above-ground parts of pine as well as fungi found in high frequencie...
J Bjurman
Mould growth at lumber surfaces of pine after kiln and air drying
1994 - IRG/WP 94-40033
Distribution of water soluble substances in green wood and later redistribution during drying is of importance for the colonisation of wood by microorganisms. According to literature the availability of nitrogenous materials is probably a major limiting factor to the microbial colonisation of wood. King et al. (1974) and Oxley et al. (1976) have shown correlation between surface nutrient concentra...
N Terziev, J Bjurman, J B Boutelje
Weathering of copper-amine treated wood
2000 - IRG/WP 00-40155
Copper ethanolamine (Cu-EA) treated southern pine (SP) were artificially weathered with a QUV Weathering Tester. The weathering regime was composed of a continuous UV-light irradiation for 2 hours followed by a water spray for 18 minutes for a total time of 1200 hours. The changes on the surface of the weathered samples were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis,...
J Zhang, D P Kamdem
Appendage-mediated attachment in spores of lignicolous marine fungi
1982 - IRG/WP 487
The role of appendages in aiding attachment and entrapment of marine fungal spores to wood substrata is described in this paper. Scanning electron microscope (S.E.M.) observations indicated five different classes of attachment or entrapment response in the sixteen species examined. These responses varied -hith the degree to which appendages attached or entrapped spores to wood surfaces. In additio...
G Rees
Penetration as Key Factor for Determining the Performance of Wood Preservatives
2004 - IRG/WP 04-20293
Stakes of Scots pine sapwood with a dimension of 4 x 4 x 75 cm³ were impregnated with preservatives containing 2 % of propiconazole which had passed the EN 113 test criteria without any problems. The
penetration of the colourless preservative was determined successfully by a fungal screening test described by Sutter (1978). The test revealed the insufficient penetration behaviour within the gi...
H Leithoff, I Stephan, R-D Peek