Your search resulted in 1167 documents. Displaying 25 entries per page.
On the use of probit analysis for assessing the toxicity of wood preservatives
1974 - IRG/WP 244
To elucidate the general character of the action of the toxic material on the fungus, it is sufficient to carry out preservative tests using the previously described procedure, but in doing so, it is necessary somewhat to change the number of specimens and their arrangement in jars. Five concentrations of toxic material are tested simultaneously. For the testing of one preservative ten jars should...
D A Belenkov
Preservative treatment specifications in Fiji
1982 - IRG/WP 3190
The preservative treatment specification used in Fiji is outlined. Reference is made to a basic end use classification and to locally approved treatment processes, preservatives and retention levels. Amenability ratings are defined and penetration requirements for broad commodities indicated. Currently commercial operations rely entirely on pressure treatment with copper-chrome-arsenic multisalts ...
A S Alston
The effect of aqueous leaching on moisture uptake by CCA-treated blocks during soil burial
1987 - IRG/WP 2283
Mass loss, moisture content and nitrogen data from two soil burial experiments with untreated and CCA-treated Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.), Sitka spruce (Picea sitchensis Carr) and lime (Tilia vulgaris Hayne) are presented. These show that aqueous leaching of CCA-treated wood prior to burial significantly reduces its subsequent moisture uptake from soil. In the case of lime, a reduction in the...
C A Green, G M Smith, B King
A comparison of the leaching resistance of copper 2-ethanolamine and copper ethylenediamine treated Scots pine
2000 - IRG/WP 00-30233
The depletion of copper from copper 2-ethanolamine and copper ethylenediamine treated Scots pine blocks was investigated. A greater leaching resistance was found for copper 2-ethanolamine, which retained ca. 86% and ca. 50% copper after water and buffer leaching, respectively. Leached amine treated blocks also contained significant residual amine. This was consistent with other observations linked...
Xiao Jiang, J N R Ruddick
IRG/COIPM INTERNATIONAL MARINE TEST - to determine the effect of timber substrate on the effectiveness of water-borne salt preservatives in sea-water. Progress Report 22: Report on the conditions of specimens at Sekondi, Ghana after 60 months
1986 - IRG/WP 4123
The results of the third inspection of CCA and CCB treated test panels exposed at Sekondi, Ghana in June 1980 are presented. None of the panels still in test, i.e. panels of Pinus sylvestris treated with CCA at 3 and 10%, Alstonia scholaris treated with CCA at 10%, Fagus sylvatica treated with CCA at 10%, and Erythrophleum ivorense and Mitragyna stipulosa both treated with CCB at 10%, shows any ex...
F F K Ampong, N Asare-Nyadu
Some fundamental thoughts on the prediction of field performance from lab-testing based on comparison of lab and field test results of some copper-free materials
2003 - IRG/WP 03-20269
In the paper results from lab testing (ENV 807 and EN 113) are compared with field results (EN 252) of differently treated wood. Depending on the type of the organic biocide containing material and depending on type of soil and type of decay differences were found in suitability of the lab methods to predict field performance. The attempt is made to interpret the found differences. Furthermore it ...
A O Rapp, U Augusta
Information from the COIPM Wood Group
1988 - IRG/WP 4146
Abstract from the COIPM minutes: Wood in marine environment:
Mrs Gambetta stated that the main item discussed by the Group was the collaborative work to test the durability of heat shrinkable polyolephin sheating materials for the protection of wood against marine organisms. The work began last year when wood samples were sent out to the participants. Three samples of Pinus sylvestris wrapped in ...
A Gambetta
Effects of soil physical and chemical characteristics on adsorption of leached CCA and ACQ preservative components
2003 - IRG/WP 03-50200
The objective of this study was to examine the effect of soil characteristics on adsorption of wood preservative components from CCA and ACQ preservative systems. Adsorption of leached CCA and ACQ preservative components in soils with different characteristics were studied. Three soils (clay, sandy and organic) were investigated using different concentrations of leach water of CCA and ACQ wood pr...
S Stefanovic, P A Cooper
Evaluation of the protective means of some wood preservatives by means of accelerated tests
1973 - IRG/WP 232
In site conditions of the eastern site in the forest-steppe part of the Krasnovarsk region, the relative effectiveness of a series of wood preservatives was obtained by means of field tests. To obtain a more accurate evaluation of the protective qualities of these accelerated tests were carried out in laboratory conditions. In 9 boxes filled with non-sterile soil taken from the site, 72 samples of...
I A Petrenko
Determination of fungitoxic value of preservatives in laboratory wood-block tests. Part 2: Statistical estimation
1989 - IRG/WP 2327
Laboratory modified agar-block tests were made to determine the fungitoxic value of the wood preservative CCA against the test fungus Serpula lacrymans using statistical methods. With the aid of statistical computer programmes based on the least square method. the regression equation was found for the dependence between sample mass loss and preservative retention both in terms of percentage and fo...
J Wazny, J D Thornton, K J Krajewski
Metal plate fasteners in trussed rafters treated with preservatives or flame retardants - corrosion risks
1977 - IRG/WP 3104
In designing roof trusses employing metal plate fasteners it is generally assumed that the roof will remain dry in service. Whilst this is generally true, damp conditions do arise under some circumstances, although it is not possible to quantify the extent of the risk. It is only possible, therefore, to give general recommendations which must be interpreted in the light of local experience of serv...
R A Laidlaw, L C Pinion
Biological resistance of electrolessly plated wood (1). Preliminary report
1994 - IRG/WP 94-40024
Surface metal coating is considered to improve biological resistance of wood as some metal ions are fungitoxic. Six wood species (three softwoods: Cryptomeria japonica, Tsuga heterophylla and Larix spp; three hardwoods: Fagus crenata, Acer mono and Betula platyphylla) were electrolessly plated with nickel or copper, and those were served for laboratory evaluation of their resistance against decay ...
M Hasegawa, K Tsunoda, T Yoshimura
Glued laminated poles - Progress report after 18 years' testing
1998 - IRG/WP 98-20140
In 1979 a number of glued laminated poles treated with CCA and creosote were placed in a greenhouse at Uppsala, at the Simlångsdalen test field in southern Sweden and under a power line in Vuollerim in northern Sweden in order to study their resistance against biological degradation.
The tests have shown that the best performance will be obtained if each laminate is first treated with a water-bo...
Ö Bergman, J Jermer
The relationship between preservative type and surface degrade in Pinus radiata
1980 - IRG/WP 3158
Samples of Pinus radiata D. Don were impregnated with one of two preservative types, a copper chrome arsenic salt and a light organic solvent preservative. The panels were exposed to the weather for 4-5 years at a site near Sydney, Australia. Macroscopic and microscopic examinations showed different rates and patterns of weathering between the samples treated with each preservative and an untreate...
R S Johnstone, R K Bamber
Leaching of CCA from Bombax ceiba catamarans in operation for 15 years
2002 - IRG/WP 02-50191
Core samples of wood at random were collected from all the timber pieces of each of the three catamarans made of CCA treated logs of Bombax ceiba put to continuous service for the last 15 years at the Lawson's Bay fishing village, Visakhapatnam. The samples were dried to constant weight, powdered, digested and analyzed for the residual salts of the preservative. The residual content of ...
V Kuppusamy, M Balaji, M V Rao, K S Rao
Glue laminated poles - Progress report after 12 years' testing
1992 - IRG/WP 92-3685
In 1979 a number of glued laminated poles treated with CCA and creosote were placed in a greenhouse at Uppsala, at the Simlångsdalen test field in southern Sweden and under a power line just south of the Arctic circle in order to study their resistance against biological degradation. The tests have shown that the comparatively best performance will be obtained if each laminate is first treated wi...
J Jermer, Ö Bergman
Surface characteristics of wood treated with various AAC, ACQ and CCA formulations after weathering
1991 - IRG/WP 2369
Wood samples treated with various alkylammonium compounds (AACs) as well as ammoniacal copper quat (ACQ) and chromated copper arsenate (CCA) have been studied in accelerated weathering experiments. Microscopic examination of the surfaces of these samples after exposure in a weatherometer revealed several different changes. Samples treated with didecyldimethyl ammonium chloride (DDAC) show consider...
L Jin, K J Archer, A F Preston
Effect of Oil Content on The Performance of Wood Treated with Pentachlorophenol
2003 - IRG/WP 03-30324
This paper details a five-year study on southern pine treated with pentachlorophenol in oil at various oil contents. Results from field stake tests at two Gulf Coast test sites are presented. Both biological efficacy and preservative depletion data are discussed. Results suggest that increasing oil content leads to better performance of wood treated with pentachlorophenol. Test results indicat...
H M Barnes, T L Amburgey, M G Sanders
Cancer incidence among CCA exposed workers in the wood preserving industry
1995 - IRG/WP 95-50040-09
CCA wood preservatives - Copper, hexavalent, Chromium and tri-or pentavalent, Arsenic - has been used in the Nordic countries since mid 1930. Trivalent arsenic and hexavalent chromium compounds are toxic and cancerogenic while pentavalent arsenate and trivalent chromium are less hazardous. In impregnation, the compounds of CCA are fixed in the wood as insoluble trivalent chromium and copper pentav...
C-G Ohlson, A Andersen, F G Evans, S Karlehagen, K Nilsson
Determination of fungitoxic value of preservatives in laboratory wood-block tests. Part 1: Standard procedures
1989 - IRG/WP 2326
By applying a modified agar-block method, a comparative analysis was made on the toxic value of the wood preservative CCA against the test fungus Serpula lacrymans. The procedure applied to determine the results accounted for different standards: EN (Toxic limit), ASTM (threshold retention), GOST (threshold retention and protection probability), PN (toxic doses) and JIS (value of efficiency). Desp...
J Wazny, J D Thornton
Kinetics of the dissociation of Cr, Cu, and As in fixed CCA-treated wood
2001 - IRG/WP 01-50168
The results of an experiment showing the kinetics of the dissociation of CCA compo-nents in water within treated wood samples are presented. Dry red pine (Pinus resinosa Ait.) samples were simultaneously vacuum-treated with water, then expressed to re-move the water at successive time intervals. The expressate was then analyzed for Cr, Cu, and As concentration by inductively coupled plasma (ICP). ...
L Waldron, P A Cooper
Investigations on testing with soft rot fungi by the vermiculite-burial method
1972 - IRG/WP 215
With the object of developing a test method to determine the effectiveness of wood preservatives against soft rot attack, tests have been carried out with pure fungal cultures using vermiculite as the substrate for untreated and preservative impregnated wood blocks. In these tests the suitability of common commercial, simple disposable beakers was proved successful as a substitute for the glass bo...
W Kerner-Gang, M Gersonde
Recycling and disposal of timber treated with waterborne copper based preservatives
1993 - IRG/WP 93-50008
Recycling and disposal technologies are briefly reviewed. Details are given of chemical extraction techniques suitable for recovery of copper from timber treated with a new copper based preservative, and traditional chromium based products. Details of thermal decomposition tests according to the DIN 53436 protocol under flaming and non-flaming conditions are given. The decomposition products were ...
J A Cornfield, S Vollam, P Fardell
Protection and efficient utilization of plantation grown lesser-known timbers of arid region in India - Acacia tortilis, Prosopis juliflora and Prosopis cineraria
2005 - IRG/WP 05-40321
The plantation-grown timbers are highly susceptible to insects/pests, borers and wood rot fungus. Wood preservatives copper chrome arsenic (CCA) 2% and chloropyriphos 2% solution treated under pressure on three plantation grown timber species viz. Acacia tortilis, Prosopis juliflora and Prosopis cineraria have shown encouraging results in enhancement of shelf life by protection of wood against woo...
S H Jain, H Kumar, R Arya, R L Srivastava
A study of the rate of fixation of various chromium-containing preservatives
1991 - IRG/WP 3653
Denmark, and Scandinavia in general, has perhaps the widest range of approved industrial wood preservative types in the world. As an aid in setting realistic fixation periods, work was undertaken to investigate the rate of fixation of chromium in CCA salt, CCA oxide, CCP, CCB, CC and CCF formulations at summer and winter temperatures. The rate of fixation measured in terms of the concentration of ...
L B Sheard