Your search resulted in 3035 documents. Displaying 25 entries per page.
Commercial Timbers of Kenya
2016 - IRG/WP 16-10876
The global timber trade has for years been too familiar with an assortment of available African timbers, reputed for their appearance in terms of colour, grain, pattern and durability. African forests are fast disappearing through over-exploitation as a result of demand for agricultural land. Kenya, the home of some of these valuable hardwoods, has been similarly affected, with its forest land cov...
R Venkatasamy
Decay of wood in outdoor above ground applications: Preview of results on the effect of climate and species in Spain
2017 - IRG/WP 17-20600
Within the framework of the Project BIA-42434R titled ‘Evaluation of the functional performance of wood in outdoor above ground applications’, seven trials containing seven pieces of sawn wood measuring 750x100x20mm3, belonging to seven different wood species (Scots pine, Radiata pine, Laricio pine, sweet chestnut, eucalyptus, Thermo-treated radiata pine and Spruce), were exposed to unprotecte...
J I Fernández-Golfin Seco, M Conde García, M R Diez Barra, M Conde García, L Acuña Rello, E Torres Álvarez, E Perea Alonso, M T Troya
Release of Copper from Pressure Treated Wood
2016 - IRG/WP 16-20584
Micronized copper based wood preservatives including micronized copper quat (MCQ) and micronized copper azole (MCA) have been introduced commercially to the North American market since 2006 as alternatives to alkaline copper quat (ACQ) or soluble copper azole (CA) preservatives. Unlike ACQ or CA, MCQ and MCA use dispersed particulate copper particles rather than soluble ionic copper to make treat...
Jun Zhang, J Horton
Simulation of surface climate and mould growth on wooden façades
2016 - IRG/WP 16-20585
The weathering of wooden surfaces is normally caused by mould growth, lignin deterioration and leaching of extractives. For well insulated buildings, the effect of the interior climate on the outer surface is small and sometimes negligible. This paper describes simple models for surface temperature and moisture conditions on a wooden façade that can further be used to model weather degradation an...
T K Thiis, I Burud, D Kraniotis, L Ross Gobakken
Characterization of waste from Pinus radiata generated during industrial thermal-treatment
2016 - IRG/WP 16-20586
The thermal-treatment is an established chemical-free process to modify wood, improving the durability and physical properties of wood through its service life. During the hydro-thermolysis several reactions from wood components occur, releasing volatile and non-volatile compounds from wood to the chamber. Once the process is accomplished, solid residues agglomerate below the wood load and gaseous...
R Herrera, D Thomas da Silva, R Llano-Ponte, J Labidi
Expert versus multi-sensor evaluation of wood samples after short term weathering
2016 - IRG/WP 16-20587
Understanding the influence of weathering factors and the material degradation mechanisms are fundamental for modelling the weathering process of wood. The goal of this work was to investigate the combined effect of time and exposure on the physical-chemical mechanisms of wood weathering. Four exposure directions (North, South, East and West) were investigated. Experimental tests were performed fo...
A Sandak, J Sandak, I Burud, L Ross Gobakken, M Noël
Development of decay hazard maps based on decay prediction models
2016 - IRG/WP 16-20588
Durability plays a very central role in timber engineering, especially when working with wood in use class 3 and above where the risk of decay is high. As one of the primary decay influencing factors, the external condition, i.e. the local climate, is often graded by some type of climate index value. Predominately, climate indices are based on a direct relationship between weather data and decay. ...
J Niklewski, E Frühwald Hansson, C Brischke, D Kavurmaci
Wood biodeterioration monitoring using molecular fluorescence
2016 - IRG/WP 16-20589
Wood is an extremely complex and heterogeneous biological material, susceptible to biodeterioration by wood-destroying organisms. This process can be evaluated by natural resistance tests or non-destructive techniques, such as molecular fluorescence. The fluorescence of wood can be attributed to the presence of fluorophores groups or extractives, as a characteristic of some species. This study aim...
E Meneses Oliveira, A Florian da Costa, J W Batista Brag
Preparation of Calibration Standards for the Analysis of Pentachlorophenol in Treated Wood by X-ray Fluorescence
2016 - IRG/WP 16-20591
The primary purpose of this project was to develop a method for preparing calibration standards that can be used by the wood treating industry to calibrate X-ray fluorescence instrumentation. Calibration standards of penta/P9-oil in southern yellow pine that cover the retention range of 0.2 to 0.9 pcf (0.6 to 1.9 %) were successfully prepared. A detailed procedure for mixing penta in treating sol...
L L Ingram Jr, H M Barnes, R Shmulsky, D Jeremic
Distribution and penetration of the tung oil in wood studied by high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging
2016 - IRG/WP 16-20593
Water repellents as environment-friendly treatments are gaining their popularity as non-biocidal solutions for wood protection. One of the most important water repellents for wood besides waxes and organosilicon compounds are drying oils. Tung oil is one of the best performing oil. However, tung oil, similarly as other oils, does not penetrate deeply into wood, due to its high viscosity. In order...
M Žlahtič, U Mikac, I Serša, M Merela, M Humar
Performance of copper treated poles and posts after three to fifteen years of exposure
2016 - IRG/WP 16-20595
Copper based wood preservatives are one of the most important wood preservatives for heavy-duty applications. Wood treated with copper-based preservatives performs excellent if applied according to preservative specifications. If used improperly premature failures might appear. In order to elucidate properties of copper treated wood in use, utility poles and posts treated with copper-based preserv...
M Humar, N Thaler
Moisture monitoring in WW2 partisan hospital Franja
2016 - IRG/WP 16-20596
Material climate of wood used for construction of WW2 Partisan hospital Franja was monitored for approximately one year. Partisan hospital is located in the bottom of tiny gorge Pasice in Slovenia. Hence, wood moisture content on eight respective location and wood temperature was determined twice per day with Scanntronik equipment Gigamodul and Thermofox. The results clearly showed that despite of...
M Humar, N Thaler, B Lesar, A Žagar
Engineering for Rural and Civil Development. Uni Performance of wood exterior structures above ground contact in Spain built with softwood species. The situation of cases in northern Spain
2016 - IRG/WP 16-20597
Across Europe is very common to find exterior structures build in sawn and glue-laminated wood. Most of these exterior structures used softwood wood species such as fir, spruce, larch and pine. In Spain wood exterior structures, as for example bridges, became more and more popular since eighties, when sawn and glue-laminated wood were utilized for building exterior wooden structures in overall Spa...
D Lorenzo, J Fernández-Golfín, M Touza
Insight in moisture dynamics of wood treated with organosilicon compounds
2016 - IRG/WP 16-20598
The SILEX project “Improving sustainability of construction materials using innovative Silicon based treatment” is a Life+ project with reference LIFE+11 ENV/BE/1046 and started in April 2013. This project intends to demonstrate that a new class of compounds can be used for wood treatment for an extended service life combined with enhanced new testing methodology. The project aims at demonstra...
J Van Acker, J Van den Bulcke, I De Windt, S Colpaert, S De Rocker, S Salvati, J-P Lecomte
Effects of fungal exposure on air and liquid permeability of nanosilver- and nanozincoxide-impregnated Paulownia wood
2016 - IRG/WP 16-30680
Effects of aqueous dispersion of silver and zinc-oxide nano-particles on air and liquid permeability of Paulownia wood exposed to T. versicolor were studied in the present research project. Specimens were also heat-treated at 100 and 150°C and compared with the control specimens. Permeability values were measured when the moisture content of the specimens was 12%. Results showed significant incre...
H R Taghiyari, A Kalantari, M Ghorbani Kookandeh, F Bavaneghi, M Akhtari
A non-VOC approach of solvent-based wood preservatives for remedial treatment
2016 - IRG/WP 16-30681
Solvent-based wood preservatives are the workhorses in the field of remedial treatment. Due to new European regulations on the indoor air quality there is an increasing pressure on the VOC-content on these solvent-based product types. The transfer of these European regulations into national law is left up to each European member state and handled in different ways. E.g. France has introduced a VO...
M Pallaske, S Hellkamp, P Jüngel
Accelerated Weathering Performance of Impregnated Wood Samples Coated with Zinc by Means of Plasma-Assisted Particle Deposition
2016 - IRG/WP 16-30682
Many different methods are currently applied for wood protection against outdoor conditions. The most important of these is the process of impregnation with liquid substances. However, this kind of wood preservatives cannot provide a long-term protection of wooden surfaces. Weathering-resistant surfaces can be obtained by applying UV absorbing agents. In this study, the influence of zinc particles...
A Can, H Sivrikaya
Anti-Fungal Activity on Some Wood extracts as a Wood Protectant
2016 - IRG/WP 16-30684
In this study, six different wood barks were used, where obtained bark extracts were blended with potato-agar in order to investigate their antifungal properties. To determine the inhibition effectiveness of extractives, two different fungi; Coniophera puteana and Trametes versicolor were selected. Fungal activity was carefully observed for the duration of seven days. Following biological testing,...
Ö Özgenç, S Durmaz
Assessment of the biological durability of wood treated with organosilicon compounds
2016 - IRG/WP 16-30685
The European wood construction market is in need of environmentally friendly wood-based products whose service life meets the expectations of end users. Non-biocidal silicon-based water repellents, which can be applied to different materials, help minimize their vulnerability/susceptibility to liquid water. Consequently, they have the potential of increasing wood’s resistance against decay fungi...
M Kutnik, M Montibus, S Derocker, S Salivati, J-P Lecomte
Screening of fastener resistance in contact with untreated wood using different test designs
2016 - IRG/WP 16-30686
The performance of fasteners in wooden constructions is an important aspect especially regarding corrosion resistance. In an early stage corrosion of fasteners in untreated timber becomes often visible as a discoloration on the surface of the timber resulting in bad appearance of the product followed by complaints. In order to develop an accelerated test for the assessment of fastener performance ...
E Melcher, S Wolf, U Cera
Termiticidal Effect of Bitumen and Creosote oil Treatments on Selected Nigerian Wood Species
2016 - IRG/WP 16-30689
Termites attack has been a major threat to wood materials in construction. The study investigated the termiticidal effect of bitumen and creosote oil mixture on the resistance of some commonly used indigenous wood species namely: Celtis zenkeri, Terminalia ivorensis, Albizia lebbeck, Cola gigantea and Terminalia superba to termites in Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria. The wood species were obtained from...
Termiticidal Effect of Bitumen and Creosote oil Treatments on Selected Nigerian Wood Species
The termite resistance of wood impregnated with nano-zinc oxide and nano-zinc borate dispersions
2016 - IRG/WP 16-30691
In this work, the effects of the impregnation with nano-ZnO and nano-ZnB dispersions on the termite resistance of European beech wood were investigated. Three different concentrations (namely 0.5%, 1% and 2%) of the above two materials were tested. Water leaching effect was also investigated. It was concluded that a severe effect in terms of termite workers mortality is induced by the use of both ...
C Lykidis, T de Troya, M Conde, J Galván, G Mantanis
Effects of Bio-oil Obtained from Laurel (Laurus nobilis) Residues on Biological, Physical, and Mechanical Properties of Treated Wood
2016 - IRG/WP 16-30692
In this study, the effects of bio-oil obtained from Laurel (Laurus nobilis) residues on biological (decay, insect, termite resistance), physical (water absorption, tangential and radial swelling), and mechanical properties (MOE, MOR and CSPG) of treated wood samples were studied. The bio-oil used in this paper was produced by the help of fixed bed reactor type pyrolyzer. GC/MS analysis showed that...
S Akbas, A Temiz, N Terziev, M H Alma, S Palanti, E Feci
Activity of wood preservatives against mould fungi
2016 - IRG/WP 16-30695
The resistance of experimental and commercial wood preservatives to mould fungi was determined using a method recommended by the Building Research Institute Instruction. The research of the inhibiting actions of the growth of fungi was carried out on the Scots pine wood Pinus sylvestris L. and beech Fagus sylvatica L. The most active compounds against mould were experimental herbicidal ionic li...
J Zabielska-Matejuk, A Stangierska
Wood properties modification by an enzymatic assisted treatment with phenolic extractives
2016 - IRG/WP 16-30696
Extractives of sawdust and bark from P. pinaster and, condensed tannins (CTs) from P. radiata bark were used to treat beech and pine veneers in combination with an oxidative enzyme, in order to stably graft such extractives onto the veneers. First, the antifungal activity of P. pinaster phenolic extractives against wood decay fungi was studied. These extractives were also used to hydrophobize pi...
D Filgueira, C Fernández-Costas, D E García, D Moldes