Your search resulted in 1183 documents. Displaying 25 entries per page.
Upgrading the fungal resistance of OSB
1999 - IRG/WP 99-40138
There is a perception that oriented strand board (OSB) is less resistant to fungl than plywood under conditions of moderate exposure to moisture. Douglas fir-faced plywood (DFP) has been suggested as a benchmark for acceptable durability under such conditions. This project was initiated to determine the minimum level of low-toxicity chemical treatment needed to upgrade the fungal resistance of OSB...
P I Morris, J E Clark, D Minchin, R Wellwood
Evaluation of hydroxamates as wood preservatives
2004 - IRG/WP 04-30330
Fungicidal activity of different hydroxamates was investigated by laboratory malt-agar block tests to evaluate their potential as wood preservatives. Results obtained indicate that benzohydroxamic acids substituted or not on the aromatic nuclei were unable to protect wood blocks against the white rot fungus Coriolus versicolor while 2-hydroxypyridine-N-oxide (2-HPNO) possesses an interesting activ...
P Gérardin, S Dumarçay, E Gelhaye, A Mbamba, V Mussavu
Preservation of basidiomycete hyphae in ancient waterlogged wood materials
1992 - IRG/WP 92-1536
Studies on waterlogged archaeological wood show that basidiomycete hyphae may persist as long as 800 years. In two pine wood samples with Phellinus pini heartrot, one from the foremast of the ship Vasa and the other from a bulwark constructed in the first part of the 12th century, numerous resin covered hyphae were observed. Hyphae with clamp connections that were associated with brown and white r...
T Nilsson, G F Daniel
Interactions between soft rot fungi and CCA preservatives in Betula verrucosa
1988 - IRG/WP 1367
Ultrastructural investigations were carried out to obtain information on the cell wall distribution of CCA elements during soft rot decay of 4% K33 CCA preservative treated birch (Betula verrucosa) wood. TEM observations on fibres at various stages of S2 cavity formation by mutabilis showed a distinct pattern of electron dense materials to occur within the S2 cell wall region. These materials (gra...
G F Daniel, T Nilsson
Immunolabelling studies on the detection of enzymes during the degradation of wood by Phanerochaete chrysosporium
1988 - IRG/WP 1364
The degradation of lignin in native lignocellulosic substrates by white rot fungi is poorly understood. Biochemical studies have shown the involvement of a number extracellular ligninolytic enzymes released by white rot fungi which are capable of the oxidative conversion of DHP's (lignin model compounds) in vitro, but to date conclusive evidence for occurrence of these enzymes in wood und...
G F Daniel, T Nilsson, B Pettersson
Bioefficacy of Cunapsol® treated western cedar and southern yellow pine
1996 - IRG/WP 96-30120
Western red cedar and southern yellow pine sapwood were dip treated with a new formulation of waterborne copper naphthenate (Cunapsol®) which complies with VOC regulations. Cunapsol dip treated samples were oven dried at 50°C for 48 hours and then water leached for two weeks. Decay resistance and leachability of preservatives from dip treated specimens were evaluated according to AWPA (American ...
D P Kamdem, M H Freeman, T L Woods
Influence of the nature of the substrate and the method of inoculation on the degradative activity of soft rot fungi
1998 - IRG/WP 98-20133
The European Standard (ENV-807) determines the threshold of effectiveness of wood preservatives against the action of soft rot Ascomycetes fungi. Its application in the treatment of wood used in the hazard class 4 does not always offer repeatable results, which could be expected in an experimental norm.
For this reason, in this paper, we have evaluated the diverse variables that might influence t...
M T De Troya, A M Navarrete, F Rubio, J Jiménez, D Muñoz-Mingarro, C Rodríguez-Borrajo, F Llinares, M Yuste
Micromorphological Characteristics of Degradation in Bamboo Attacked by White Rot Fungus Lentinus edodes
2006 - IRG/WP 06-10575
In comparison with micromorphological works for wood decay, little known is about the decay pattern of bamboos by wood decay fungi. The present work was undertaken to understand the general degradation pattern of bamboo and the influence of polylaminate layers in bamboo fiber walls on the restriction of fungal decay. The weight loss of bamboo species Phyllostachys puberscens against the white rot ...
Chang Hyun Cho, Kwang Ho Lee, Yoon Soo Kim
Common Decay Micromorphology “Anomalies” Challenge Current Decay Classification
2006 - IRG/WP 06-10578
Decay micromorphology was studied systematically for diversely preservative treated Pinus radiata and Fagus sylvatica 20 x 20 x 500 mm stakes across 13 in-ground field test sites, during a 6.5 year exposure. New insight into the micromorphology of the early stages of decay enabled new and more detailed interpretation of the mechanism of their formation and suggested that current decay classificati...
R Wakeling
Isolation and characterization of hydroxyl-radical-producing glycopeptide genes from the white-rot basidiomycete Phanerochaete chrysosporium
2006 - IRG/WP 06-10588
During wood decay, the white-rot basidiomycete Phanerochaete chrysosporium secretes low-molecular-weight glycopeptides that catalyze a redox reaction between O2 and electron donors to produce hydroxyl radical. This reaction accounts for most of the hydroxyl radical produced in wood-degrading cultures of P. chrysosporium. In combination with phenol oxidases, hydroxyl radical is believed to play a r...
H Tanaka, G Yoshida, Y Baba, K Matsumura, S Itakura, A Enoki
High-energy multiple impact (HEMI)-test – Part 2: A mechanical test for the detection of fungal decay
2006 - IRG/WP 06-20339
The suitability of the high-energy multiple impact (HEMI)-test for detection of early fungal decay was examined. The HEMI – test characterizes the treatment quality of thermally modified wood by stressing the treated material by thousands of impacts of pounding steel balls. This method differentiates between heat treatment intensities, which are expressed by structural changes of the wood. Simil...
C R Welzbacher, C Brischke, A O Rapp
Protection of hard and softwood through Neem leaves extracts and oil - A direction towards development of eco-friendly wood preservatives
2006 - IRG/WP 06-30394
Conventional wood preservatives like CCA and CCB are facing lot of criticism all over the world. It is essential to address the problem in view of environment protection. Eco-friendly wood preservatives may be considered as one option. The present study is an expolartion of neem leaves and seed oil against wood decaying fungi and termites. Azadirachta indica A. Juss, commonly known as neem is one ...
S Dhyani, S Tripathi
Construction of an ITS sequence database for the identification and classification of wood rot fungi
2007 - IRG/WP 07-10626
Developing a database that contains information about wood rot fungi is important in improving technologies about wood preservation as well as advances in understanding wood decay. On the other hand, with rapid spread of the Internet, establishment of a system for the swift precise access to information are required for the computerization of the research information. In the present study, genetic...
S Horisawa, Y Honda, S Itakura, S Doi
Genome-wide survey of cellulase related genes of white rot fungus,Pleurotus ostreatus
2007 - IRG/WP 07-10627
A white rot fungus, Pleurotus ostreatus, which is a important edible mushroom, has received much attention to apply to bioremediation and bioconversion because it has both cellulase and ligninase. To confirm copy number of cellulase-related genes encoded in P. ostreatus genome, we attempted to genomic Southern hybridization of P. ostreatus. The draft genome sequence and a large quantity of EST and...
T Tamenori, S Horisawa
Decay Resistance Properties of Hemicellulose-Extracted Oriented Strand Board
2008 - IRG/WP 08-10644
There is increasing interest in using cellulosic biomass as the basis for a renewable source of energy. Although the traditional focus has been on cellulose, researchers are also exploring the possibility of using hemicelluloses because they can be removed with hot water leaving the wood product intact for other applications. However, there is concern that removing hemicelluloses from the precur...
C Howell, J Paredes, S Shaler, J Jellison
Decay resistance of propionylated Iranian beech against the white rot fungus Tramets versicolor
2008 - IRG/WP 08-30449
In this study, the decay resistance of propionylated beech was investigated against the white rot fungus Trametes versicolor. Iranian beech (Fagus orientalis) was modified with propionic anhydride at different temperatures, concentrations and times without using any catalyst. Different weight percentage gains (WPGs) were obtained under different conditions. The decay resistance of the esterifed wo...
M R M Farahani, S M Hosseini
Australian trials on the efficacy of micronized copper
2008 - IRG/WP 08-30480
Alkaline copper quat (ACQ) is an established wood preservative that is formulated with solubilised copper in amine solvent. This paper describes three separate trials in Australia that investigated whether substituting soluble copper with micronized copper affects performance. ACQ and micronized copper quat (MCQ) gave similar performance in Pinus radiata against four brown-rotting fungi in a soil-...
L J Cookson, J W Creffield, K J McCarthy, D K Scown
Effect of a biological treatment on below ground decay of Douglas-fir pole sections
2008 - IRG/WP 08-40433
The use of exogenous sugars to accelerate microbial growth and eventually limit available oxygen in soil surrounding wood in soil contact was investigated on untreated Douglas-fir poles exposed over a 3 year period in Western Oregon. Isolation frequencies differed markedly between treated and untreated poles and the treatment did appear to shift the frequency of some basidiomycetes. The treatment ...
C Freitag and J J Morrell
Effect of different ASAs (alkenyl succinic anhydrides) on the treatment of biological protection of wood in use class 4
2008 - IRG/WP 08-40440
The alkenyl suscinic anhydrides (ASAs) used in this work are adducts resulting from the maleinization reaction of fatty acid alkyl esters. Various products with different alkyl groups were synthesized from rapeseed (Brassica napus) oil esters, rich in oleic acid. The liquids obtained showed a viscosity similar to that of vegetable oils and a brown color. When applied into wood, a thermal treatment...
C Vaca-Garcia, O Pignolet
Effects of cold treatment on wood destroying fungi important in cultural heritage
2009 - IRG/WP 09-10706
The dry rot fungus Serpula lacrymans (Wulfen:Fr.) Schroeter is notorious in building environments for its vitality, destructive potential, and the huge costs associated with remediation of damage caused to wood of cultural heritage. Due to the potentially adverse of effects of chemical treatment methods such as have been attempted in the past, more benign physical methods of treatment, e.g. heat t...
M Lüdicke, W Unger, G Binker
Potential of antifungal and antitermitic activity of several essential oils
2009 - IRG/WP 09-30515
In the recent years, there has been an increasing concern regarding the safety of wood preservatives. Many research groups have examined the potential of essential oils as biocide based on their biological activity. This paper described the antitermitic and antifungal activity of twenty four essential oils from different plant species. The termicidal activity was carried out with a no-choice test...
N Amusant, M-F Thévenon, N Leménager, E Wozniak
The resistance of thermo-oil modified wood against decay and mould fungi
2009 - IRG/WP 09-40448
Thermally modified wood in comparison to natural wood demonstrates some advantageous functional properties like decreased hygroscopicity, higher dimensional stability. It also has increased durability and improved resistance to fungal decay. However thermal modification of wood may lead to reduced strength properties what may limit the use of wood in mechanically beared constructions. The changes ...
A Fojutowski, A Kropacz, A Noskowiak
Fungal Attack on Lignin and Cellulose: Elucidation of Brown- and White-Rot Mechanisms Comparing Biomimetic and In-Vivo Degradation Patterns
2010 - IRG/WP 10-10714
This paper examines research and hypotheses that have been developed over several years on wood degradation mechanisms. This information is combined with new data and analyses to explain why wood decay patterns caused by brown-rot fungi and specific types of white-rot fungi are different. New data, including work with both biomimetic studies on low molecular weight compounds, degradative enzymes, ...
V Arantes, B Goodell, A M F Milagres, Yuhui Qian, T Filley, J Jellison, S Kelley
Assessment of antagonism between lignicolous microorganisms: Research on possible use to preserve wood poles
2010 - IRG/WP 10-10718
Biological environments contain a certain number of microbial populations which, within a given ecological niche, display various relations ranging from symbiosis to parasitism. Researchers have been interested in these types of relations for around fifty years, especially in one very particular type of relationship: the antagonism exerted between individuals of the same microbial population. Toda...
J-F Labrecque, A Zaremski, L Gastonguay, Y Prin
The brown rot of oak wood submerged for 6 months in the Baltic sea
2010 - IRG/WP 10-10736
The natural wood submerged or partially immersed in sea water is commonly affected by certain microorganisms. The bacteria and marine borers that decay the wood totally submerged in sea water and above sea level other microorganisms as fungi, algae, insects may attacked wood. The sea water may affect and change the properties of wood. We have tried to determine the susceptibility to decay caused b...
A Fojutowski, A Kropacz, I Pomian