Your search resulted in 233 documents. Displaying 25 entries per page.
Experiments on the degradation of tributyltin oxide: A progress report
1984 - IRG/WP 3287
A variety of experiments designed to assess the chemical and physical factors affecting the degradation of tributyltin oxide in treated timber are described. Simple procedures in which temperature and oxygen availability were increased in the presence of wood and water suggest that the wood itself was of prime importance. Attempts to decrease degradation with antioxidants were unsuccessful but led...
R J Orsler, G E Holland
Design of a laboratory method for evaluating the effectiveness of soft rot preservatives
1988 - IRG/WP 2312
This purpose of this work was to design a method which makes it possible to evaluate the effectiveness of products which present protect wood against soft rot, using new products·of a different nature, on wood of·Pinus sylvestris L. and Fagus sylvatica L., and which, suitably applied, avoid big economic losses deriving from lack of knowledge of the active principles suitable to present protect w...
M T De Troya, A M Navarrete
Bibliographie sur les produits organiques en solvant pour la préservation du bois
1972 - IRG/WP 313
Le présent travail exécuté dans le cadre do la Section III du Groupe International de la Préservation du bois a pour but de rassembler, en vue d'éventuelles études plus approfondies sur le sujet ou sur l'un de ses aspects, les principales et relativement récentes références sur les produits de protection des bois en solvant, souvent appelés, et parfois improprement, pro...
H Alliot
Improvement in dimensional stability against water of the main Spanish timbers impregnated with water repellent organic protectors
1988 - IRG/WP 3468
The study reported the increase of dimensional stability against water of the main Spanish timbers, both broadleaved and coniferous, after impregnation in the autoclave with organic protector, with contains 33.3% water repellent waxes and resins. The proposed Spanish standard, U.N.E. n° 56541 is used, where dimensional stability of the impregnated wood is expressed as a% of that of the non-impreg...
J A Rodríguez Barreal
Detection of dry rot by air analysis
1992 - IRG/WP 92-2399
Detection of dry rot (Serpula lacrymans) at an early stage appears to be very difficult in practice. Also control inspections in buildings, after remedial treatment of dry rot, have a limited accuracy. The use of trained dogs in Denmark initiated the idea for this research on the possible use of air analysis as a detection method. The Centre for Timber Research-TNO (TNO-CHT) and the Institute for ...
P Esser, A C Tas
The quantitative determination of N-cyclohexyl-diazeniumdioxide (HDO) containing compounds in treated wood using TD-GC-MS
2001 - IRG/WP 01-20223
Last year we presented the paper (IRG/WP/00-20201) "Determination of N-cyclohexyl-diazeniumdioxide (HDO) containing compounds in treated wood using GC-MS". Based on the intensive discussion at the meeting, the first experiences made with the calibration of the system for this application will be reported. For the quantitative determination of N-cyclohexyl-diazeniumdioxide in treated wood, milled m...
P Jüngel, J Wittenzellner, E Melcher
A study on the effectiveness of didecyldimethylammonium chloride to protect wood from attack by termites
1993 - IRG/WP 93-30009
A laboratory bioassay was conducted on the ability of didecyldimethylammonium chloride (DDAC) to protect Pinus radiata D.Don wood specimens from attack by two of Australia's most economically important species of subterranean termite, Mastotermes darwiniensis Froggatt and Coptotermes acinaciformis (Froggatt). Sapwood specimens of Pinus radiata, treated to achieve nominal retentions of 0.5...
J W Creffield
Isolation and identification of non-decay fungi affecting the performance of alkylammonium compounds
1993 - IRG/WP 93-10020
The isolation of DDAC tolerant fungi was carried out on lumber treated with a range of antisapstain chemicals containing DDAC as one of their active ingredients. The tolerant fungi were selected by using malt media spiked with DDAC (100 and 2500 ppm). Isolations were tentatively identified into a range of fungi commonly found associated with wood deterioration (i.e. Penicillium sp. and Trichoderma...
A K Doyle, J N R Ruddick
Biological resistance of steam-compressed wood pretreated with boric compounds
1999 - IRG/WP 99-30190
Wood compression under heating is aimed to enhance dimensional stability and surface hardness. Preservative treatment with an appropriate chemical is additionally required for the protection of wood against biological agents under hazardous service conditions. Boron pretreatment of compressed wood was targeted to a mutual benefit of increasing biological resistance of compressed wood as boron was ...
M K Yalinkilic, W Dwianto, Y Imamura, K Tsunoda, M Takahashi
Development of threshold values for boron compounds in above ground exposures: Preliminary trials
1998 - IRG/WP 98-30179
Boron is increasingly used both as an initial and remedial treatment for protecting wood against fungal and insect attack. While establishing lethal dosages for boron against insects through feeding tests is relatively simple, establishing thresholds for fungal attack poses more of a challenge. Tests using boron dispersed in agar artificially surround the fungus with both boron and excess nutrient...
J J Morrell, C M Freitag, S Unger
The influence of staining fungi on the decay resistance of wood treated with alkylammonium compounds
1984 - IRG/WP 3308
Although found to be very effective in laboratory tests, alkylammonium compounds (AAC's) have failed to perform as well in field stake tests. Examination of leachability showed that this was not the cause. The present study investigated the possibility that staining fungi, (which have been observed to rapidly infect the field stakes), degrade the AAC wood preservative. Soil-blocks were tr...
J N R Ruddick
Environmentally benign wood preservatives based on organic biocide antioxidant combinations: A brief review of laboratory and field exposure results and discussion of a proposed mechanism
2004 - IRG/WP 04-30335
The combination of various organic biocides with commercial antioxidants generally increased the biocides’ efficacy 2-3 fold against wood-destroying fungi in short-term laboratory decay tests, and some positive results have been obtained after 2-4 years of outdoor exposure. The two antioxidants principally examined, propyl gallate and butylated hydroxytoluene, are low cost and, since both are f...
T Schultz, D D Nicholas, W Henry, C Pittman, D Wipf, B Goodell
Recovery of copper, chromium, and arsenic compounds from the waste preservative-treated wood
1991 - IRG/WP 3651
In Japan, about 40 percents of waste wood is incinerated and the residue is dumped into the landfill site. The waste preservative-treated wood, which is mixed in nontreated wood, is incinerated in the same way, too. However, it will cause the serious problems that the gases contained with high concentration arsenic compounds are discharged from the smokestacks of the incineration facilities and th...
A Honda, Y Kanjo, A Kimoto, K Koshii, S Kashiwazaki
Chemical and biological investigations of double-vacuum treated windows after 5 years in service
1983 - IRG/WP 3219
In 1980 The Swedish Wood Preservation Institute initiated an investigation to study the degradation of TBTO and possible fungal attack in double-vacuum treated window joinery in service during 5 years. A hospital in Gothenburg was chosen that was built during 1969 to 1976. Both untreated and double-vacuum treated windows of Pinus sylvestris were used. A brown alkyl oil type paint (Nordsjö system ...
J Jermer, M-L Edlund, B Henningsson, W Hintze, S V Ohlsson
Bibliography on the use of boron compounds for the preservation of wood
1973 - IRG/WP 315
This bibliography is based on an earlier literature survey prepared by J. Thornton and Wm. E. Bruce (O.E.C.D. Document No. 27/DAS/CSI/M/91) which was enlarged and revised for a meeting in Paris in October 1968 (Document 27/DAS/CSI/M554) by Professor W. Bavendamm of Reinbek. The latter (1968) document with its 166 references has now been extended and brought up to date. Acknowledgments are due to B...
R Cockcroft, J F Levy
The production of extracellular hydrogen peroxide by some brown-rot fungi
1990 - IRG/WP 1446
The role of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) has been discussed in the degradation of wood by wood-rotting fungi. The production of extracellular hydrogen peroxide was studied by detecting the oxidation of the chromogen 2,2'-azinobis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS) by H2O2 and horse radish peroxidase (HPR). ABTS and HPR were added to a solid wood based culture media. In this study ...
A-C Ritschkoff, L Paajanen, L Viikari
A laboratory evaluation of tributyltin ethanesulphonate as an aqueous fungicide in wood preservation
1983 - IRG/WP 3229
Toxic limit data, using both leached and unleached wood test blocks, are reported for aqueous solutions of tributyltin ethanesulphonate against four Basidiomycete fungi, Poria placenta, Gloeophyllum trabeum, Coriolus versicolor and Coniophora puteana. An in situ study of the tributyltin compound in Scots pine and ponderosa pine sapwood has been carried out, using the technique of 119mSn Mössbauer...
R Hill, P J Smith, J N R Ruddick, K W Sweatman
Fungitoxic effect of the quaternary ammonium compounds wood preservatives against the Ascomycetes and Deuteromycetes
1997 - IRG/WP 97-30138
Results of investigation on fungitoxic value of the three formulations of wood preservatives based on the quaternary ammonium compounds (lauryldimethylbenzylammonium chloride, lauryldimethylbenzylammonium bromide, alkylbenzyldimethylammonium chloride) in relation to the surface wood colouring (moulds) and soft-rot fungi have been presented. The agar-plate (screening) and agar-wood plate for mouldi...
J Wazny, P Rudniewski
The detection of organic solvent preservatives in wood by thin-layer chromatography
1975 - IRG/WP 357
A simple and rapid method for the detection of common organic solvent wood preservative materials is described. The method uses thin-layer chromatography after leaching of the preservative from sections of timber with chloroform. RF values and the sensitivity of the method are discussed and a routine procedure for identification of the organic and organometallic preservatives is proposed. Methods ...
B G Henshaw, J W W Morgan, N Williams
Reappraisal of some fungicides by the amended JWPA method
1992 - IRG/WP 92-3689
Organoiodine compounds which have been commercialized these years in Japan poorly performed as fungicides in the amended JWPA decay test (Standard 1, 1989) when applied to superficial treatment of timber. Because some parts of active ingredients seemed to disappear from the treated timber surface mainly due to the severe leaching cycles. This was prominently true for beech (Fagus crenata Blume) sa...
K Tsunoda
The use of light organic solvents in industrial wood preservation - an environmental perspective
1995 - IRG/WP 95-50040-22
The paper examines the evolving regulatory environment concerning the use of hydrocarbon solvents in industry and, in particular, the European wood preserving sector. The implications of the proposed EU Directive on industrial solvent use are explained and possible responses to such regulation examined, including process modification, product changes and emission abatement, where necessary. The de...
G A Ewbank
A quantitative weathering study of wood surfaces modified by chromium VI and iron III compounds
1989 - IRG/WP 2330
Thin veneers of Pinus radiata were treated with dilute aqueous solutions of chromium VI and iron III compounds and exposed to natural weathering for 35 days. Zero-span tensile strength and weight losses of treated veneers were compared with losses observed in untreated specimens In a study designed to demonstrate the applicability of strength and weight loss measurements to the rapid quantitative ...
P D Evans, K J Schmalzl
Borates as wood preserving compounds: The status of research in the United States
1989 - IRG/WP 3542
This paper describes the extensive, on-going cooperative research effort among government and university research laboratories and industry to fully evaluate the potential for borates as wood preservatives in the United States. Research is discussed in terms of laboratory evaluations, field testing and mill trials, pilot plant pressure treatment studies, and remedial treatments. Future research pl...
H M Barnes, T L Amburgey, L H Williams, J J Morrell
Persistence and residual activity of organophosphorus termiticides in soil and prevention against the degradation of chlorpyrifos
1991 - IRG/WP 1518
The persistence and the residual activity of four comercial organophosphorous termiticides, Chlorpyrifos, Fenitrothion, Tetrachlorvinphos, Pyridaphenthion, in soil were studied under laboratory conditions. The persistence and the residual activity of four organophosphorous termiticides in two types of soil decreased with the lapse of time. These termiticides were mostly degraded by microorganisms ...
T Iijima, M Tanaka, M Higaki
The importance of blue stain attack for the colonization by wood-rotting fungi of wood not in contact with the ground
1988 - IRG/WP 1349
When used in constructions not in contact with the ground, wood has been shown often to proceed from blue stain to moulds. The appearance of wood rotting fungi is normally delayed. Solid wood artificially inoculated with the blue stain fungus Pullularia pullulans was shown to permit germination of Pycnoporus cinnabarinus basidiospores. This was demonstrated by the use of an indirect and a direct b...
J Bjurman