Your search resulted in 159 documents. Displaying 25 entries per page.
Reinfestation of consolidated ancient wood by insects
1998 - IRG/WP 98-10290
Wooden artifacts are often attacked by wood-destroying insects. Therefore conservators have to stabilize numerous objects from such attack. Initially we studied the resistance of painting materials and consolidants on unaffected recent wood against wood-destroying insects (IRG/WP 97-10239). Further, we wanted an answer to the question: Are artifacts, formerly destroyed by wood-borers, reinfested b...
W Unger, A Unger, U Schiessl
Factors affecting resistance to sapstain infection in freshly felled softwood logs
2003 - IRG/WP 03-10467
Previous studies in the UK have shown a marked difference in the susceptibility of logs of five softwood species to infection by sapstain fungi over a 4 month field trial. Recently this result has been confirmed and the rank order of greatest to least susceptibility in these commercially important species is lodgepole pine > Scots pine > Norway spruce > Japanese larch > Sitka spruce. C...
E J Young, R A Eaton, J F Webber, M A W Hill
An evaluation of the synthetic pyrethroid cypermethrin in organic solvent and emulsion formulations
1984 - IRG/WP 3290
The studies reported indicate that cypermethrin (NRDC 149) has considerable potential as an insecticide for wood preservatives. Cypermethrin appears to be about twice as effective as permethrin. The effectiveness of cypermethrin compared with g-HCH varies depending on the insect species, the phase of the life cycle and size of larva: for example, against mature Anobium larvae cypermethrin is appro...
S J Read, R W Berry
Physical and mechanical properties of wood-polymer composites prepared from alder wood (Alnus glutinosa (l.) gaertn. subsp. barbata (c.a.mey.) yalt)
2001 - IRG/WP 01-40201
In this study, the physical mechanical properties of wood-polymer composites prepared from alder (Alnus glutinosa (L.) Gaertn. subsp. barbata (C.A.Mey.) Yalt) wood were investigated. Three different monomers styrene, methyl methacrylate and styrene/methyl methacrylate (70/30) mixtures and two loading levels were used in preparation of wood-polymer composites. Of physical properties, the oven-dry s...
A Temiz, Ü C Yildiz, E D Gezer
Construction of dhows in Kuwait
1981 - IRG/WP 465
To most people Kuwait means oil and the opulence associated with it, but to the seafarer, Kuwait means Dhows. There are as early references to the Kuwaiti Dhows as the 17th century. The Danish explorer Nebuhr in 1756 described Kuwait as having a work power of 10,000 people and 800 wooden boats involved in fishing, pearl diving, and trade. Dhows might well have been the original carriers of "The Pe...
A S Zainal, M A Ghannoum
Borate diffusion in wood from rods and liquid product. Application to laminated beams
1988 - IRG/WP 3482
In the aim to use borate preservatives (fused rods and boracol) in fields of building construction other than external joineries, tests of diffusion of borate rods and secondary boracol, were carried out on different species of woods exposed to different moisture conditions. Tests were also applied on laminated beams very often subjected to high moisture contents and thus decay of rot fungi. Diffu...
D Dirol
Biological resistance of wood treated with waterbased resins and drying oils in a mini-block test
1998 - IRG/WP 98-40107
In recent years it was found that the resistance of wood against fungal degradation could be increased by impregnation with an etherificated melamine formaldehyde resin. Using this resin as a reference, a waterbased fatty acid modificated alkyd-resin and two drying-oils were assessed for their biological performance in a mini-block laboratory test. Although drying-oils, like linseed-oil, are often...
M Sailer, A O Rapp, R-D Peek
Influence of different resin treatments on the dimension stability of wood
1997 - IRG/WP 97-40090
The dimension stability of wood is considered to be an important contribution to its durability and its performance in practice. A number of different treatments have been developed to improve the dimension stability of wood. One applied method is the treatment of wood with monomers or resins. The application of appropriate impregnation conditions seemed to be essential to enhance the efficiency o...
M Sailer, A O Rapp
A preliminary comparison of GC, HPLC and ELISA analysis of resin acids in pulp mill effluents
1997 - IRG/WP 97-20120
Resin acids are naturally occurring diterpenoid carboxylic acids present in most Canadian softwoods. There are eight common resin acids that are classified into two groups; the abietanes and the pimaranes. During processing of wood products they can be released into the environment where they are of concern because of their acute toxicity toward fish and other aquatic life. Traditionally resin aci...
A N Serreqi, K Stark, Xiumei Feng, J N Saddler, C Breuil
On the resistance of consolidated ancient wood against Serpula lacrymans (Wulfen: Fr.) Schroeter
2000 - IRG/WP 00-10348
Structural timbers and other wood objects of cultural value in historical buildings and museums are often attacked by wood-destroying fungi. The aim of conservators is to preserve such damaged timbers and prevent further biodeterioration by impregnation with consolidants. There is little knowledge of the resistance of consolidated timber and art objects to a new attack by wood-destroying fungi. Br...
W Unger, A Unger, U Schiessl
Wood surface pretreatments with metal tannates
1989 - IRG/WP 3552
The sequential application of aqueous solutions of tannins derived from radiata pine bark and water-soluble metal salts was examined as a means of improving the water repellency of wood surfaces. Nine metal salts were screened in combination with tannin solutions and, based on water repellency of pretreated filter paper, four were selected for further study. The two-step application of tannin solu...
D V Plackett, D R Cronshaw
Interim balance after 20 months of lap-joint exposure
1999 - IRG/WP 99-20164
The application of natural resins and integrated resin systems to improve the performance of Pinus sylvestris was assessed in a lap-joint test according to DIN V ENV 12037 (1996). Lap-joints of Pinus sapwood were exposed at the test field in Hamburg (Germany) in May 1997. The treated lap-joints were assessed with regard to the performance of the resin treatments out of ground. The exposure of lap-...
M Sailer, A O Rapp, R-D Peek, A J Nurmi, E P J Beckers
A field trial of water repellents as anti-sapstain treatment additives
1987 - IRG/WP 3417
The assessment of water repellents as anti-sapstain treatment additives has been included in a recent FRI research programme investigating improved surface protection of New Zealand Pinus radiata. Laboratory work has shown variation in water repellent effectiveness with chemical type and subsequently a field trial was established to examine the performance of selected water repellent/anti-sapstain...
J A Drysdale, D V Plackett
Effect of some resin treatments on fungal degradation reactions
1999 - IRG/WP 99-10318
The effect of impregnation of wood with vegetable oil, tall oil and two water soluble on fungal degradation reactions was assessed by hydrolysis and enzyme activity measurements. The experiments were carried out by using isolated enzyme preparations and a living brown-rot fungus Poria placenta. The results indicate that the inhibitory effect of treatments was clearly directec towards the enzymatic...
A-C Ritschkoff, M Rättö, A J Nurmi, H Kokko, A O Rapp, H Militz
Pentachlorophenol and tributyltin oxide - the performance of treated Pinus radiata after 12 years' exposure
1986 - IRG/WP 3361
Pinus radiata samples were impregnated with a range of light organic solvent preservatives and copper/chrome/arsenic salt and exposed with no surface coating both in and above ground for 12 years. Inspection of the test samples revealed that some formulations of light organic solvent preservatives will give good fungal protection and reduce splitting in Pinus radiata exposed externally without a s...
R S Johnstone
Interactions between water-borne preservatives and emulsion additives that influence the water repellency of wood
1991 - IRG/WP 2374
Incorporation of non-polar additives into water-borne treatments through of emulsion technology can greatly improve the physical characteristics of wood in service. Of specific interest with these emulsions is their effectiveness in reducing the rate of wood swelling. We have observed that the presence or absence of preservatives can often significantly influence the resultant effectiveness of the...
A R Zahora
Influence of hydrophobic agents on the leachability of boron
1995 - IRG/WP 95-30064
Besides its low mammalian toxicity and a broad range of activity towards both fungi and insects, boron shows a high diffusibility, encouraging it to treat wood species of low permeability. However, its difussibility is at the same time responsible for a high risk of leaching, known since long. Nevertheless quantitative data about this process are only rarely available. Therefore, the leaching of b...
A Peylo, H Willeitner
Microemulsion formulations for wood protection chemicals
1993 - IRG/WP 93-30030
A microemulsion is a thermodynamically stable oil-water dispersion system. As a formulation it provides many unique features such as water compatibility for water-insoluble chemicals, formulation stability, good bioavailability and environmental acceptance. This paper discusses the major criteria for the formulations of water-insoluble wood biocides and the comparison in properties between convent...
Bing Yu, L E Leightley
The efficacy of polymer/preservative treatments in soil-bed exposure
1992 - IRG/WP 92-3729
Southern pine was treated with CCA, CCB, sodium borax/boric acid, or disodiumoctaborate, alone or in combination with an acrylic polymer system containing a water repellent. Treated samples were subjected to an unsterile soil burial test. The addition of polymer reduced the weight loss in borontreated samples at the lower retentions but not at the higher retention. Results with borates indicate th...
R J Murphy, H M Barnes, S M Gray
The susceptibility of acetylated Pinus radiata to mould and stain fungi
1992 - IRG/WP 92-1548
The aim of this investigation was to determine the effect of 5, 10, 15 and 20 percent acetylation weight gains on the susceptibility of Pinus radiata sapwood to mould and stain fungi, and to establish if an acrylic paint, an oil-based stain and a water repellant gave superior protection from fungal growth on wood treated to 20% acetylation weight gain, compared to untreated wood. One treatment set...
R N Wakeling, D V Plackett, D R Cronshaw
Bending properties of wood after its decay with Coniophora puteana and subsequent modification with selected chemicals
1999 - IRG/WP 99-40146
Mechanical properties of wood are often decreased due to decay processes caused by biotic and/or abiotic factors. Damaged wooden elements (e.g. historical structures) can be reinforced by more methods, including their modification with convenient chemicals. This paper presents influences of selected chemicals on basic bending properties (modulus of elasticity - MOE, modulus of rupture - MOR) of so...
L Reinprecht, S Varinska
The efficacy of preservatives into the glue-line of plywood
1993 - IRG/WP 93-30002
This research is anti-termite/decay preservatives mixed with resin to produce the plywood. Thereafter, anti-decay/termite plywood were produced by the ordinary methods. To produce suitable plywood in the utilization and certified performance, the preservatives should be 0.3 to 0.4 kg/m³ of Chlorpyrifos; 0.88 and 1.10 kg/m³ of mix preservatives of Chlorpyrifos + IF-1000. Laboratories decay test (...
S Fushiki, T Saito, Y Katuzawa, Y Imamura, S Yusuf, B Subiyanto
The effects of preservative treatment and exposure to wood degrading fungi on fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) materials used for structural wood reinforcement
2001 - IRG/WP 01-40204
Glass fiber reinforced phenolic (GFRP) composite materials are becoming increasingly accepted for use in the construction industry because they combine advantages of both wood and advanced polymeric materials. Addition of only 1-3% FRP in the tension zone, for example, can typically improve the strength of the hybrid system by 200%. As more applications are found for wood/FRP hybrids, (e.g. lamina...
C Tascioglu, B Goodell
Biological and physical properties of phenolic-resin treated wood before and after natural weathering
1999 - IRG/WP 99-40132
Biological and physical properties of phenolic resin-treated particleboards, which were made from fast growing tress and agrowaste as raw materials, were evaluated before and after natural weathering in tropical climate. The particles were sprayed with a mixture of a low molecular weight phenol-formaldehyde resin (5.0, 7.5 and 10% loading) and the adhesive phenol resin (8% loading). Results with l...
S Yusuf, Y Sudiyani, H Kajita, Y Imamura, M Takahashi
Resistance of acrylic paints on wood against growth of the rot fungus Dacrymyces stillatus
1990 - IRG/WP 2345
In the last few years the presence of the rot fungus Dacrymyces stillatus has been repeatedly confirmed in external wood panels, particularly from wood painted with water based paints. A laboratory method for testing of the fungal resistance of paint films on wood has been developed.This method has been used to test the efficacy of the fungicides Parmetol DF 18 and Parmetol HF 25 against attack by...
J Bjurman