Your search resulted in 387 documents. Displaying 25 entries per page.
Laboratory studies on control of sapstain and mold on unseasoned wood by bacteria
1991 - IRG/WP 1493
A malt-agar and nonagar laboratory test was used to evaluate the efficacy of bacterial preparations as biological control agents against several sapwood-inhabiting fungi. Both nonsterilized and filter sterilized bacteria preparations prevented attack by the sapwood-inhabiting fungi. Streptomyces rimosus was the most effective bacteria, giving good protection, with a 1-hr soak in a filter-sterilize...
T L Highley, R Benko, S C Croan
Laboratory evaluation of the termiticidal effectiveness of TanalithÒ 3485
1995 - IRG/WP 95-10109
The termiticidal effectiveness of the copper azole TANALITH 3485 was evaluated with the benchmark preservative TANALITH C in a laboratory bioassay using two species of subterranean termites, Mastotermes darwiniensis Froggatt and Coptotermes acinaciformis (Froggatt). Retentions of TANALITH 3485 tested were 0.15, 0.24, 0.285 and 0.40% m/m Cu and for TANALITH C 0.025, 0.05, 0.08 and 0.095% m/m Cu. Un...
J W Creffield, J A Drysdale, N Chew, N-K Nguyen
Lab and field test results for wood treated with polymeric alkylphenol polysulfide
2001 - IRG/WP 01-30268
A new wood preservative based on polymeric alkyphenol polysulfide (PXTS-A) is being evaluated in a series of laboratory and field tests and the results continue to show promise. A modified formulation (PXTS-B), which contains additives to reduce the viscosity, is being evaluated along with the original formulation. Soil block decay tests comparing PXTS-B with CCA-C indicate that PXTS-B is equally ...
J Goswami, A Abramson, R Buff, D D Nicholas, T Schultz
An investigation of the factors influencing the rate of deterioration of timber samples due to microfungi in laboratory tests
1997 - IRG/WP 97-20116
An investigation was performed into the comparative performances of test 1 (vermiculite burial) and test 2 (soil burial) as described in ENV 807. Two test preservatives were used - copper naphthenate and propiconazole. Copper chromate was included as a reference preservative. The wood species used was beech (Fagus sylvatica). Test 1 was performed using both a mixed inoculation of the five stipulat...
I J Herring, D J Dickinson, S M Gray, J K Carey
A field trial of water repellents as anti-sapstain treatment additives
1987 - IRG/WP 3417
The assessment of water repellents as anti-sapstain treatment additives has been included in a recent FRI research programme investigating improved surface protection of New Zealand Pinus radiata. Laboratory work has shown variation in water repellent effectiveness with chemical type and subsequently a field trial was established to examine the performance of selected water repellent/anti-sapstain...
J A Drysdale, D V Plackett
Laboratory studies of CCA-C-leaching: influence of wood and soil properties on extent of arsenic and copper depletion
2002 - IRG/WP 02-50186
The extent which a wood preservative leaches is important for efficacy studies and environmental concerns. However, little information exists on the effect soil properties have on leaching. This study investigated leaching of stakelets which had been cut from five different southern yellow pine (SYP) sapwood boards then treated with CCA-C to a target retention of 6.4 kgm-3 (0.4 pcf). All stakel...
D Crawford, R F Fox, D P Kamden, S T Lebow, D D Nicholas, D Pettry, T Schultz, L Sites, R J Ziobro
Comparison of the FRIM and forest research laboratory methods for screening of anti-sapstain formulations
1999 - IRG/WP 99-20170
Two laboratory methods for screening of anti-sapstain formulations were compared. The method adopted by the Forest Research Institute Malaysia (FRIM) involved 3 weeks assessment of rubberwood (Hevea brasiliensis) blocks, dipped in the candidate formulation and inoculated with mycelial/spore suspension of sapstain (Botryodiplodia theobromae) or decay (Schizophyllum commune) fungi, and incubated on ...
A H H Wong, D R Eden, C M Chittenden, M E Hedley, R N Wakeling
Relative merits of laboratory and field tests for assessing wood decay resistance
1993 - IRG/WP 93-20009
Laboratory and field trials have long been employed for assessing natural durability of a variety of wood species, but there is a continuing debate concerning the relative merits of approach. While laboratory tests provide carefully controlled conditions for decay, they are often criticized for being too artificial to produce meaningful results. Conversely, field trials often vary widely between t...
T C Scheffer, J J Morrell
Semi-Solid State Bioremediation of CCA-Treated Wood Using Malted Barley as a Nutrient Source
2002 - IRG/WP 02-50184
Bioremediation processes for recovery and reuse of CCA-treated wood invariably increase the cost of any secondary products manufactured from the remediated fiber. Microbial remediation using either bacteria or fungi has been shown to remove heavy metals from CCA-treated southern yellow pine (SYP). In a two-step remediation process utilizing oxalic acid extraction and the metal-tolerant bacterium...
C A Clausen
Experiences with the OECD guideline proposals for the estimation of emissions from preservative-treated wood in the environment
2004 - IRG/WP 04-50209
The practicability of 2 CEN proposals for OECD guidelines on the estimation of emissions from preservative treated wood by laboratory methods for either wood held in storage after treatment and for wooden commodities that are not covered, and are not in contact with ground (guideline 1) or
wooden commodities that are not covered and are in contact with ground, fresh water or seawater (guideline 2...
U Schoknecht, R Wegner, E Melcher
Changes in fat and moisture contents, and nitrogen fixation in laboratory maintained termites
1984 - IRG/WP 1242
Orphaned groups of termites of Coptotermes acinaciformis and Mastotermes darwiniensis were maintained in the laboratory for several months on two dietary regimes, and changes in their fat contents, moisture contents and nitrogen fixation rates were examined. There were no significant feed or feed time effects for either species. For Coptotermes acinaciformis, there was a highly significant time ef...
J R J French, P J Robinson, L G Turner, P J Pahl
Research on wood protection at the Princes Risborough Laboratory 1975 & 1976
1977 - IRG/WP 3109
This paper is the latest of a 2-yearly series presenting a summarised account of the Laboratory's work in wood preservatives and related fields. The topics dealt with include: environmental studies on the usage of copper-chrome-arsenic and organic solvent preservatives; development of National and International Standards; recent developments in the preservation of external doors and windo...
J M Baker, R A Laidlaw, E R Miller, J G Savory
Laboratory Evaluation of the Formosan Subterranean Termite Resistance of Borate-treated Rubberwood Chipboard
2004 - IRG/WP 04-30359
Both no-choice and two-choice 4-week AWPA laboratory tests were performed to evaluate the resistance of borate-treated rubberwood (Hevea brasiliensis) chipboard prepared from a commercial mill run, against the Formosan subterranean termite Coptotermes formosanus. Boric acid (technical granular) was incorporated into the boards during manufacture to achieve loadings of 1.0% or 1.1% boric acid equiv...
A H H Wong, J K Grace
Performance of Tuff Brite C™ and other formulations against blue-stain, mold and brown-stain in freshly-sawn rubberwood (Hevea brasiliensis) in the humid tropics of Peninsular Malaysia
1997 - IRG/WP 97-30163
The relative anti-sapstain and anti-mold efficacies, including brown-stain development in freshly-sawn rubberwood (Hevea brasiliensis) in the Malaysian tropics, between selected water-based product concentrations of formulations Tuff Brite CTM without/with added Borax (at 1.5/0, 1/1.5, 1.5/1.5 and 2%/1.5%), PQ8TM without/with added Borax (at 2.5/0, 1.5/1.5, 2/1.5 and 2.5%/1.5%) and NeXgenTM/NeX-Br...
A H H Wong, T L Woods
International collaborative laboratory comparison of two wood preservatives against subterranean termites: Second update
1995 - IRG/WP 95-10117
As was agreed by members at the termite workshop at the 24th annual meeting of IRG in Orlando, USA, in May 1993 to initiate an international subterranean termite laboratory bioassay to compare the various preferred termite protocols used by IRG termitologists was initiated. The author was nominated to co-ordinate this comparative laboratory evaluation of two wood preservatives (CCA and Cu-naphthen...
J R J French
Nasutitermes exitiosus and wood-rotting fungi in Eucalyptus regnans, E. acmenioides, E. wandoo, and E. marginata: force-feeding, laboratory study
1985 - IRG/WP 1231
Under a force-feeding regime, the termitid Nasutitermes exitiosus was fed on four eucalypt timbers infested with several fungal species to investigate the influence of such fungus-infested timbers on mass of wood lost, termite biomass, fat content and water content. The results showed that wood mass losses were markedly affected by species of fungi and timber. The interaction of fungi and timbers ...
D B A Ruyooka
Wood decay of Pinus sylvestris L. and Fagus sylvatica L. by marine fungi. Part 2
1991 - IRG/WP 1471
The water-logged wood conservation requires a good knowledge of the wood decay organims which produce the degradation. Previous conducted studies (ESCORIAL, TROYA, GARCIA DE LOS RIOS, 1990) have shown that the incubation times normally used for in vitro laboratory tests are not sufficients for a significant wood degradation. This has been the reason why the aim of this work was the study of such d...
M T De Troya, A M Navarrete, M C Escorial
Creosote losses due to ageing methods prior to laboratory efficacy testing
2002 - IRG/WP 02-20256
Laboratory efficacy testing of creosote is affected by the impact of volatile components on the fungal growth. European test methods for assessing efficacy against Basidiomycetes and soft rot fungi is based on two standard methods, EN 113 and ENV 807 respectively. Combined with both fungal tests two pre-treatment methods are commonly used, namely EN 84 (leaching) and EN 73 (evaporation). Within th...
J Van Acker, K Ghekiere, M Stevens
Variable tolerance of Ophiostoma spp. and Diplodia pinea to commercial antisapstain products
1998 - IRG/WP 98-10266
A recent survey of the occurrence of sapstain fungi in New Zealand, conducted at The University of Waikato, provided the opportunity to examine fungicidal tolerance amongst new isolates. It also enabled a comparison of tolerance amongst new isolates with those used in routine antisapstain screening trials at Forest Research.
A rapid antisapstain laboratory disc trial was used to determine the ext...
D R Eden, C M Chittenden, B Kreber, J G Van der Waals, R N Wakeling, R L Farrell, T Harrington
Artificial weathering as an aid to assessing the effectiveness of chemicals for preventing blue stain in service - a co-operative study
1984 - IRG/WP 2215
The paper reports co-operative studies carried out within Working Group II of the International Research Group on Wood Preservation to assess the effects of different artificial weathering systems on the performance of fungicides to control blue-stain in service. It has been shown that Atlas, Xenotest and Marr equipments operated according to particular standard schedules can give essentially the ...
A F Bravery, D J Dickinson
Leaching from CCA-treated wood submerged in seawater: Effect of high loadings, and a comparison between laboratory and marine conditions
1996 - IRG/WP 96-50080
This study of leaching examined the following variables: CCA loading; marine versus laboratory exposure and length of submergence. Blocks of Pinus sylvestris were treated to a range of nominal retentions from 15 to 50 kg/m³. Each block was then divided into three cubes and all transverse faces were sealed. All cubes were allowed to fix at ambient temperature for a minimum of one week. One set of ...
R M Albuquerque, S M Cragg, J D Icely
Ten Year Marine Borer Exposure Trial of Chlorothalonil and Emulsified Preservatives in Australia
2003 - IRG/WP 03-30314
Results of a ten-year marine exposure trial at Townsville and Port Stephens are presented. Sawn Pinus radiata and natural round Eucalyptus obliqua specimens were treated with preservatives including creosote (HTC), pigment emulsified creosote (PEC), chlorothalonil, and the oil emulsions of CCA called PROCCA and HYCON. Basic zinc chloride treatment was also exposed at Townsville. Some of the findin...
L J Cookson, D Scown
Which substrate to use in a laboratory test with soft rot micro-fungi: vermiculite or unsterile soil?
1991 - IRG/WP 2372
A draft European Standard is being proposed by CEN TC 38 in which a vermiculite-burial and a soil-burial test to be carried out in succession are required. Various experiments with both procedures were set up with CCA, CC and propiconazole-formulations. The results show that vermiculite and unsterile soil yield comparable threshold values against soft rot. This poses the question of whether a two-...
A R Valcke
Design of a laboratory method for evaluating the effectiveness of soft rot preservatives
1988 - IRG/WP 2312
This purpose of this work was to design a method which makes it possible to evaluate the effectiveness of products which present protect wood against soft rot, using new products·of a different nature, on wood of·Pinus sylvestris L. and Fagus sylvatica L., and which, suitably applied, avoid big economic losses deriving from lack of knowledge of the active principles suitable to present protect w...
M T De Troya, A M Navarrete
Effect of origin and orientation of Radiata pine substrates on the development of fungal degrade
2000 - IRG/WP 00-30221
The objective of this study was to determine the influence of different radiata pine substrates on colonisation by sapstain fungi. Freshly-cut branch wood, stem wood and sawn lumber were used to prepare test samples with the largest wood surface area showing a transverse, radial or tangential face. Test samples were evaluated against sapstain fungi using a rapid laboratory antisapstain screening m...
B Kreber, D R Eden, C M Chittenden, B Carpenter, J G Van der Waals