Your search resulted in 179 documents. Displaying 25 entries per page.
Analysis of volatile organic compounds (VOC's) from Trichoderma spp.: effect of media composition on VOC production and level of inhibition of wood decay fungi
1997 - IRG/WP 97-10207
Production of volatile organic compounds (VOC's) by two Trichoderma isolates grown on either malt extract or minimal media was examined and statistically assessed to identify which VOC's were predominantly produced on each of the two media types. The VOC's were captured onto chromatographic absorbent from above the cultures of the fungi before being analysed by integrate...
A Bruce, R E Wheatley, C Hackett, A Kundzewicz
Industrial fixation of chromium based wood preservatives
1990 - IRG/WP 3630
Fixation is an abstract and non-defined process. Nevertheless it is a specified requirement in most impregnation standards. The impregnation industry is facing increased pressure to deliver fixed products and to increase the safety of the handling of impregnated products. Industrial fixation of impregnated wood can be obtained by using different methods. The purpose of the process is to transform ...
T Christensen
The production of extracellular hydrogen peroxide by some brown-rot fungi
1990 - IRG/WP 1446
The role of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) has been discussed in the degradation of wood by wood-rotting fungi. The production of extracellular hydrogen peroxide was studied by detecting the oxidation of the chromogen 2,2'-azinobis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS) by H2O2 and horse radish peroxidase (HPR). ABTS and HPR were added to a solid wood based culture media. In this study ...
A-C Ritschkoff, L Paajanen, L Viikari
Wood preservation in Iran
1984 - IRG/WP 3270
The report sketches the history of the use of wood in Iran to the establishment of the country's national forest service and gives some figures for Iran's timber needs by the year 2000. Progress in wood preservation has been slow, although items such as railway sleepers and poles have been pressure treated since the first pressure impregnation plant was erected in 1932. Today the...
P Niloufari, R Cockcroft
Production, function and neutralization of oxalic acid produced by the dry rot fungus and other brown rot fungi
1987 - IRG/WP 1330
The formation of oxalic acid by the wood-destroying fungi causing brown rot, is found to be the key which by hydrolysing the hemicellulose brings the cellulose in the tracheid wall in contact with the cellulase enzymes and yeld watersoluble sugars leaving only a lignin skeleton. To control the pH in the substrate the excess oxalic acid is precipitated to water insoluble calcium oxalate by the dry ...
J Bech-Andersen
Survey of conditioning treatment practices in the Philippines
1975 - IRG/WP 349
The wood preservation industry in the Philippines is at present beset by many problems. An association of the industry similar to those existing in other countries has only been initiated last year by FORPRIDECOM. It is hoped that the formal organisation of this association will bring into focus the importance of this particular industry in the economic and industrial development of the country. L...
R F Casin
Wood preservation in Southern Africa
1984 - IRG/WP 3320
This report deals with the status of wood preservation in the countries of Southern Africa, namely Botswana, Lesotho, Mozambique, Namibia, South Africa, Swaziland and Zimbabwe. It includes some data on the timber production from the forests of these countries, as well as detailing the state of the timber products industries in South Africa which is the dominant country in the field in the sub-cont...
A Pizzi, W E Conradie, R Cockcroft
Micromorphology of oak wood degraded by brown rot fungus Coniophora puteana
2000 - IRG/WP 00-10356
To characterize the degradation of hardwood by brown rot fungus, Coniophora puteana was incubated on the wood blocks of Quercus accutissima. For comparison, the same fungus was also incubated on the pine wood blocks of Pinus densiflora. In softwood, the shape of the wood cells and thickness of the cell appeared unchanged even the loss of birefringence in the affected areas. In contrast, oak wood d...
Yoon Soo Kim, Seung-Gon Wi, Kwang-Ho Lee
Cancer incidence among CCA exposed workers in the wood preserving industry
1995 - IRG/WP 95-50040-09
CCA wood preservatives - Copper, hexavalent, Chromium and tri-or pentavalent, Arsenic - has been used in the Nordic countries since mid 1930. Trivalent arsenic and hexavalent chromium compounds are toxic and cancerogenic while pentavalent arsenate and trivalent chromium are less hazardous. In impregnation, the compounds of CCA are fixed in the wood as insoluble trivalent chromium and copper pentav...
C-G Ohlson, A Andersen, F G Evans, S Karlehagen, K Nilsson
Tilting and vacuum treatment - two methods to obtain a non-dripping freshly treated timber
1989 - IRG/WP 3535
Modern impregnation plants are designed to prevent spread of impregnation solutions from the plant through leakage, etc. It is also important that freshly treated timber does not spread solutions through dripping on the storage area. To prevent this, the impregnation procedure is terminated with a vacuum period. In many plants in Sweden this period is minimized or even excluded to gain time. Inste...
I Johansson, M-L Edlund
The wood preservation industry in Kenya
1997 - IRG/WP 97-30157
Like in many other tropical and sub-tropical countries, the necessity to protect wood using wood preserving chemicals was not found necessary in Kenya because of abundant supplies of naturally durable hardwoods. That situation changed as a result of depletion of natural hardwood forests and replacement by fast growing non-durable exotic species and the appearance of new, more lucrative markets for...
R Venkatasamy
The role of toilet paper in studies of desert subterranean termites in Arizona, USA
2000 - IRG/WP 00-10375
Toilet paper rolls were used as a substrate for observing foraging activity of Heterotermes aureus (Snyder) and Gnathamitermes perplexus (Banks) in the Sonoran Desert of Arizona. Foraging was minimal during the winter months, increased in the spring, was high but erratic in the summer, and then was moderate again in the fall. H. aureus foraged within a temperature range of 7.6° to 47°C, G. perpl...
M I Haverty
Variation in biological performance of CCA caised by preservative application method
1996 - IRG/WP 96-40072
A series of laboratory studies to investigate the influence of treatment application method on CCA performance in Cosican pine has been completed. Biological decay tests, such as serial exposures, were used to induce decay in wood at preservative retentions of up to 10 kg/m³ CCA salts. Significant differences in performance of the preservative against either brown, white or soft rot decay fungi w...
P R Newman, R J Murphy
The limitations of legislative information distribution to the UK remedial preservation industry
1995 - IRG/WP 95-50060
The remedial preservation industry in the UK consists of companies that are rarely large enough to fit any of the definitions of small to medium enterprises (SMEs). They are faced with information on a wide range of legislation related to their industry from a bewildering variety of sources. Costs range from free to hundreds of pounds. Recent surveys have shown that a significant proportion of SME...
J M Ibbitson, G S Sawyer
Microdistribution of water-borne preservatives in blue gum treated by full-cell process
1990 - IRG/WP 3617
The present work deals with the study of the microdistribution of copper, chrome and arsenic elements in Eucalyptus globulus Labill. sapwood, treated with a CCA water-borne preservative by full-cell process, with the help of scanning electron microscopy together with energy dispersion X-ray analysis technique. The work shows that the retention of CCA elements is high in vessels and vasicentric par...
D De Sousa Castro Reimão, J M Palacios
The present status, characteristics and problems of wood based turning handicrafts industry in Bangladesh
2005 - IRG/WP 05-40298
Cottage industry is an important sector both socio-economically and environmentally, because such industries provide jobs and income, which restricts destruction of forest and increase of agri-land. Study on the present status, characteristics, and growth potential of wood based turning handicrafts industry in Bangladesh revealed that in Khulna District, there are 20 (twenty) numbers of turning wo...
A K M A Bosunia, M A Islam, M M Rahman, A K Lahiry
Bending strength of heat-treated spruce and pine timber
2002 - IRG/WP 02-40242
Heat-treatment of spruce (Picea abies) and pine (Pinus sylvestris) beams (45 x 145 mm) gave a reduction in bending strength of approximately 50%. The bending stiffness (modulus of elasticity) only decreased by 3.5%. Tests were carried out according to EN 408. Another effect of the heat-treatment was increased variation in bending strength. The 5th percentile value of the bending strength, the so c...
C Bengtsson, J Jermer, F Brem
Production of monoclonal antibodies to Serpula lacrymans and their application in immunodetection systems
1993 - IRG/WP 93-10004
Monoclonal antibodies were produced against both whole cell mycelial extracts and exo-antigen extracts of the causative organism of dry rot, Serpula lacrymans. The antibodies were tested for cross-reactivity against fifteen strains of Serpula lacrymans and nine other fungal species. These species represented either other wood decay fungi or non-decay fungi commonly co-isolated with Serpula lacryma...
H Glancy, J W Palfreyman
Extracellular carbohydrate production by isolates of Postia (=Poria) placenta
1989 - IRG/WP 1388
A monokaryotic strain of Postia (=Poria) placenta, ME20, which is unable to degrade wood, also failed to produce extracellular polysaccharide when grown in liquid culture, regardless of carbon source or concentration. Other isolates of Postia placenta, including another monokaryon and a hybrid of this monokaryon with ME20, produced large quantities of this material. The polysaccharide consisted pr...
J A Micales, A L Richter, T L Highley
Electrodialytic remediation of a soil from a wood preservation industry polluted by CCA
1998 - IRG/WP 98-50101-14
Soil contamination is often found at wood preservation sites due to spills, dripping of excess preservatives and deposition of sludge associated with dissolved salts of copper, chromium and arsenic (CCA). The electrodialytic process is a promising heavy metal soil remediation technique. It is based on a combination of the electrokinetic movement of ions in soil with the principle of electrodialysi...
A B Ribeiro, A Villumsen, G Bech-Nielsen, A Réfega, J Vieira e Silva
Wood preservation in Croatia
2004 - IRG/WP 04-30360
Croatia, as all the other countries in transition, however also because of its specific and well-known reasons, is on a path to gradual drawing nearer to the European standards. Only the scientists working at the Faculty of Forestry in Zagreb are engaged in scientific work relating to wood preservation.
The construction and wood industry, which should enhance the chemical industry, also have subs...
R Despot, M Hasan
Production of fungal protoplasts from selected wood-degrading fungi
1991 - IRG/WP 1500
Studies of hyphal morphology and the effects of various chemicals on growth are often difficult to perform on filamentous fungi because of the difficulty of observing the protoplasm through the rigid hyphae wall and because most activity occurs in a limited region near the hyphal tip. As an alternative, hyphae can be reacted with certain cell wall degrading enzymes to remove the cell wall to produ...
C Rui, J J Morrell
Extracellular laccase production in brown-rot fungus Coniophora puteana
2001 - IRG/WP 01-10391
Coniophora puteana, one of representing brown-rot fungus, was investigated in terms of extracellular ligninolytic enzyme production. Three fungal strains of C. puteana were inoculated in liquid culture medium with sawdust of pine and oak wood. Extracellular laccase production was observed in some strains of C. puteana in the culture medium with sawdust of oak wood. The highest activity occurred at...
Kwang-Ho Lee, Seung-Gon Wi, Yoon Soo Kim
Wood preservation in Uruguay
1987 - IRG/WP 3404
The purpose of this paper is a brief description of the current status of wood treatment in Uruguay. The forest resources of the country are summarized, the environment, their economic importance and future potential. The present wood treating facilities are described, together with the chemicals used and the standards generally accepted. Wood treated products used in the Uruguayan market are cite...
G Baillod
Production of monoclonal antibodies to fungal metabolites
1986 - IRG/WP 1306
The role of fungal extracellular enzymes in wood biodegradation is incompletely understood. Our lab is beginning a project utilizing monoclonal antibodies to characterize extracellular metabolites of the brown rot fungus Poria placenta Fr. (Cooke). Monoclonal antibody technology takes advantage of the ability of antibody secreting spleen cells from immunized mice to fuse in the presence of polyeth...
J Jellison, B Goodell