Your search resulted in 680 documents. Displaying 25 entries per page.
The influence of extractives on the natural durability of selected Ghanaian hardwoods
2004 - IRG/WP 04-10530
A study of the durability of Nauclea diderrichii, Nesogordonia papaverifera, Corynanthe pachyceras and Glyphaea brevis in laboratory and field tests showed the first three species performed well against a range of fungi and termites. Sapwood of C. pachyceras also performed well against these biodeteriogens. The role of extractives in conferring natural durability was assessed. Total extractive con...
C Antwi-Boasiako, A J Pitman, J Barnett
Specifying preservative-treated resistant timber: Conforming to European Standards
2001 - IRG/WP 01-20235
The most common construction timbers used in the UK are of low natural durability and, generally, resistant to preservative treatment. These include species of spruce, hemlock and fir. However, their characteristically limited and non-uniform uptake of preservatives may still confer sufficient protection to give satisfactory durability performance in terms of biological resistance. This paper desc...
E D Suttie, A F Bravery, T B Dearling
Cleistanthus collinus (Roxb.) Benth. ex Hook. f. and Wrightia tinctoria (Roxb.) R. Br. -- two timbers with promising durability under marine conditions
2005 - IRG/WP 05-10552
During the course of natural durability studies on indigenous timber at Visakhapatnam harbour, two species, namely, Cleistanthus collinus (Karada) and Wrightia tinctoria (Dudhi) were found to resist marine borer attack for reasonably longer periods. The panels of C. collinus completely resisted borer attack for 9 months but became susceptible to teredinid attack thereafter. The teredinids gradua...
M V Rao, M Balaji, V Kuppusamy, K S Rao
Ten year performance of l-joints made from borate diffusion treated wood
2000 - IRG/WP 00-30225
While there are decades of experience with borate-treated wood in coated, exterior applications in New Zealand and the UK, other countries have been more reluctant to use this process. As part of a research program on the potential use of borates by the Canadian wood products industry, Forintek set up, in 1990, an L-joint test of untreated and borate-diffusion treated hem-fir (western hemlock and ...
P I Morris
Evaluation of wood preservatives for Nordic wood preservation class AB
2002 - IRG/WP 02-30297
In the Nordic countries there are restrictions in the use of wood preservatives based on chromium and arsenic. For above ground use, class AB according to the Nordic system, only
copper based preservatives are allowed in Sweden. Thus several new preservatives, copper based or metal free are now used. They have been approved by the Nordic Wood Preservation Council after passing laboratory tests ag...
M-L Edlund, J Jermer
Termite durability of sugi (Cryptomeria japonica) heartwood kiln-dried under high-temperature process in relation to wood extractives
2005 - IRG/WP 05-10547
Termite durability of sugi heartwood samples kiln-dried under a high-temperature process were evaluated by using Reticulitermes speratus (Kolbe) as a test termite sp. The n-hexane extractives of these samples were analysed by a GC technique. The less termite durability was shown on the wood samples dried under the high-temperature process, in comparison with that of the air-dried samples. No GC-p...
S Shibutani, E Obataya, K Hanata, S Doi
Wood preservation research in Tanzania: Priorities and challenges
1988 - IRG/WP 3462
Tanzania provides some of the highest rates of wood deterioration in service leading to alarming economic losses and yet no serious concern is shown in search for solutions to the problem. The paper attempts to point out some of the priority areas in the field of wood preservation research that demand urgent attention if timber is to be used judiciously in this country. An account is given of the ...
K K Murira, R Cockcroft
Treatment groups and remedies for CCA treated hardwood and softwood poles
1999 - IRG/WP 99-40142
Different hardwood and softwood species from Bangladesh and Bhutan was investigated regarding density, green fiber stress, natural durability of heartwood and CCA treated sapwood, CCA treatability grades, sapwood thickness, and kiln-drying properties for long term use as electric poles. These properties along with the past service records for nineteen years, separated ten heardwood and five softwo...
A K Lahiry
Long-term preservation technology for a large-scale timber structure building in Japan
2001 - IRG/WP 01-40203
Several 1.000-year-old Buddhist temples and shrines built of wood are surviving in Nara, some areas of which are inscribed on the World Heritage List. These old buildings are indicative of excellent timber construction technology having existed in ancient Japan, though it is thought that such technology has not been handed down. This paper introduces one of large-scale wood buildings built in rece...
Y Iimura
Information from the COIPM wood group. (With Appendix: Préserver les matériaux en milieu marin sauvegarder l'environment marin telles sont la vocation et la mission du C.O.I.P.M.)
1989 - IRG/WP 4156
During the last COIPM Meeting, up to date information on cooperative work to test the resistance of plastic wrapping for pilings were submitted and discussed. In 1986 untreated wood samples wrapped with shrinkable polyolefin sleeves were submerged in 9 stations, situated in temperate and tropical waters. After 1 or 2 years of immersion the samples showed no sign of penetration by marine borers and...
A Gambetta
Screening of fungal strains for wood extractive degradation
1998 - IRG/WP 98-10254
Fungal strains were screened for their ability to degrade apolar extractives in wood from scots pine. The degradation of total wood extractives by 91 different strains was monitored in stationary batch assays incubated for 6 weeks. The results obtained show that the ability of wood-inhabiting fungi to utilize wood extractives varied greatly, even for different isolates of the same species. Fungal ...
J Dorado, M J Martinez-Inigo, T A van Beek, F W Claassen, J B P A Wijnberg, R Sierra-Alvarez
Characteristics of thermally modified wood in vacuum
2004 - IRG/WP 04-40287
In commercial thermal wood modification processes nitrogen, steam or oil has been used for the reduction of oxygen content in the reactor atmosphere. In present study no special heating medium, but an initial vacuuming step has been used for this purpose. Mass loss, resistance to fungal decay, dimensional stability, bending strength and modulus of elasticity of heat treated wood were evaluated and...
G Rep, F Pohleven, B Bucar
Preliminary investigation on the natural durability of Guayule (Parthenium argentatum)-based wood products
2000 - IRG/WP 00-40154
Conventional preservatives used to protect wood from insect and microbial damages are presently of major concern to human health and the environment. Finding alternative and economical preservatives has not been successful. Previous studies have shown that the resinous material extracted from the guayule plant (Parthenium argentatum, Gray) has both insect- and microbial-resistant properties. Unfor...
F S Nakayama, P Chow, D S Bajwa, J A Youngquist, J H Muehl, A M Krzysik
Durability of Sugi (Cryptomeria japonica D.DoN ) wood treated in high temperature liquid paraffin
2002 - IRG/WP 02-40221
Sugi(Cryptomeria japonica D.DoN )wood was subject to a heat treatment in high-temperature liquid paraffin for the purpose of improving the resistance against fungi and termites without chemicals. The bath of paraffin liquid, which can provide a uniform heat transfer (±2?), was used at temperatures of 90?,120?and 150?.?ecay resistance according to JIS K 15711) was evaluated using a brown rot fungu...
Y Matsuoka, W Ohmura, S Fujiwara, Y Kanagawa
Determination of toxicity data for preservatives against Basidiomycetes by measuring the reduction in compression strength of wood
1988 - IRG/WP 2297
Blocks of Pinus radiata D. Don were treated to 12 retention levels with CCA and NaPCP. These were exposed for 12 weeks in agar jars to the dry rot (brown rot) Serpula lacrymans (Schum. ex Fr.) S.F. Gray. After mass loss determination, the same blocks were tested for reduction in compression strength parallel to the grain. Using both these parameters, together with interpolated 6 week strength loss...
J Wazny, J D Thornton
An analysis of the effects of some factors on the natural durability of pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) and spruce (Picea abies Karst.)
1986 - IRG/WP 1279
The effects of some factors on the natural resistance of pine and spruce sapwood against fungal decay and against attack of house-longhorn beetle larvae have been studied in laboratory tests and the results are evaluated by analysis of variance and regression analysis. Following conclusions were reached: Wood from summer-felled trees did not have a lower inherent natural durability against fungal ...
J B Boutelje, T Nilsson, S Rasmussen
Durability of some alternatives to preservative treated wood
2004 - IRG/WP 04-30353
The environmental discussion in Sweden has lead to an increasing use of naturally durable domestic wood species and wood treated according to alternative methods for use above ground. A number of these alternatives have been tested according to field- and laboratory tests and compared to wood treated with preservatives for above ground use. Seven untreated wood species, four alternative wood treat...
M-L Edlund
Life Cycle Assessment of borate treated wood
2005 - IRG/WP 05-50224-12
Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) is being used increasingly around the world by decision-makers to help incorporate the environmental component of sustainability into their activities. U.S. Borax regularly assesses how its products contribute to sustainable development. Using data gleaned from LCA of its products, the company recently completed its first ISO 14040 compliant cradle-to-grave LCA of lum...
M J Manning
Present status of using treated wood and private house owner’s expectations in Bangladesh
2004 - IRG/WP 04-30329
In a developing country like Bangladesh more than 80 % of the total population lives in rural areas where building materials are mainly comprised of wood, bamboo, thatch grass, golpata, etc. All these materials, being cellulosic, are easily infected by deteriorating agencies like fungi, termites, beetles etc., as climatic condition of the country is ideal for their thrive. This is a great wastage ...
M A Islam, A K M A Bosunia, S C Ghosh, M O Hannan, A K Lahiry
A 53-year old field trial to evaluate the performance of a range of chemical treatments on eucalypt poles
1989 - IRG/WP 3526
Hardwood pole stubs of Eucalyptus maculata, Eucalyptus pilularis, Eucalyptus saligna and Eucalyptus paniculata were examined for termite attack and fungal decay after 53 years in ground contact. The trial compared eight different chemical treatments with untreated pole stubs of the four species investigated. Untreated Eucalyptus paniculata, a Class I durability species, performed particularly well...
R S Johnstone, R A Eaton
The present status of wooden catamarans of the Indian Coast
1997 - IRG/WP 97-10231
Catamarans (a.k.a. kattumarams) are the most widely used fishing craft in India, and hundreds of thousands of poor, traditional fishermen depend on these vessels for their livelihood that are almost made entirely of wood. In recent years, acute shortages and phenomenal increases in prices of timber species used in catamaran fabrication have been reported, causing great hardship to the user communi...
K S Rao
Natural decay resistance of some lesser known /used timber species from the forests of Tanzania
2005 - IRG/WP 05-10557
In order to manage the Tropical forest in a sustainable manner and increase the resource base for their wood industries, many Tropical African timber producing countries including Tanzania are promoting the many lesser known/used timbers in their forests as alternative sources of wood to the over-exploited primary timber species. Four lesser known/utilized timber species from the forests of Tanzan...
S A Amartey, P R Gillah, R C Ishengoma, J Gabriel, D H Kitojo
Whitewood - An external joinery timber?
1975 - IRG/WP 253
The timber used traditionally for softwood joinery in the UK is redwood (Pinus sylvestris). In the past its ready availability in the desired sizes and quality and its durability in service encouraged little competition. However, the past decade has seen some erosion of this position, particularly through the increased proportion of sapwood in redwood supplies. Since the sapwood is less durable th...
J W W Morgan
The use of lap-joints in natural durability testing: moisture content development during 36 months outside exposure trials
2000 - IRG/WP 00-20217
Lap-joint trials (following European Standard ENV 12037) were set up with 11 different softwood and hardwood species. The main aim was to evaluate the suitability of this test standard (developed for testing wood preservative effectiveness) for natural durability testing. The moisture development has been followed during a 36 months period. In this paper, the outcomes of different moisture content...
H Militz, C J Bloom
Ability of heartwood extractives to inhibit the growth of a bacterial symbiont of Teredo navalis
2000 - IRG/WP 00-10369
Shipworms are important destroyers of wood in the marine environment, and wood users have long sought methods for preventing or limiting their attack. While heavy -duty wood preservatives are highly effective against these organisms, there is increasing concern about risks to non-target organisms. This has resulted in a gradual shift away from broadly toxic materials to either alternative material...
C S Love, A R Sipe, S C Cary, J J Morrell