Your search resulted in 489 documents. Displaying 25 entries per page.
Effects of deck washes and brighteners on the leaching of CCA components
1999 - IRG/WP 99-50128
Small CCA treated Southern pine decks were exposed to natural weathering and the CCA leaching characteristics determined by analyzing the collected rain drippage over several rain events. The decks were then treated with a number of commercial deck washes/brighteners and the CCA components in the wash solution compared to that from water wash only. Washes containing phosphoric acid, citric acid an...
A Taylor, P A Cooper, Y T Ung
Aspects of leaching
1976 - IRG/WP 267
With respect to Document No: IRG/WP/246, and the recommendation that an economic leaching test can be based on a non-changing volume of water (500 ml/block), I would like to relate our experiences with this suggestion. Following 14 days of continuous immersion in de-ionized water it was found that blocks treated with moderate and above concentrations of a preservative gave no problems, but those b...
R S Smith
Effect of humic acid on leaching of CCA from treated wood
2000 - IRG/WP 00-50151
Laboratory studies indicate that relatively high concentrations (1.000 - 10.000 ppm) of humic acids can increase the leaching of chromium and copper from CCA-C treated wood, and that copper is most affected. They also show that leaching with natural water samples can result in higher leaching of all components than leaching with distilled water. Evaluation of CCA component retentions and mass bala...
P A Cooper, D Jeremic, J L Taylor, Y T Ung
Effect of vapour boron treatment on mechanical properties of wood based board materials
1992 - IRG/WP 92-3727
The mechanical properties of Medium density fibre board, Chipboard and Oriented strand board were investigated after treatment to two retention levels of boric acid applied as a vapour phase system. A range of mechanical properties were investigated. The vapour boron treatment does not have any significant effect on most of the mechanical properties of the boards. The exception is a reduction in i...
R Hashim, D J Dickinson, R J Murphy, J Dinwoodie
A laboratory study on effect of coating materials on leaching of copper from CCA treated wood
2001 - IRG/WP 01-50176
Components of CCA preservatives can leach into surrounding soil and water and have some effect on germination and growth of some plants. In this report, the effect of coating materials in reducing chemical concentration in the leachate were evaluated. Rubber wood blocks (Hevea brasiliensis) treated with CCA were fixed at room temperature at high humidity. After air dried, they were painted with co...
A Veenin, T Veenin
A shower test protocol for measuring antisapstain wash-off from small individual log billets
1996 - IRG/WP 96-50069
According to New Zealand Timber Industry Federation statistics New Zealand exported 4,835,000 m³ of logs in 1994 and it is estimated that c. 20% were anti-sapstain treated. Loss of preservative from logs as a result of rain impact after application is of considerable concern both with respect to potential loss of efficacy and environmental contamination. Whilst Environment Canada have a proposed ...
A J Pendlebury, H Pearson
Rainfall simulation to assess CCA permanence
1991 - IRG/WP 2373
During experimental work on accelerated fixation of chromium containing preservatives a method has been developed which compares the degree of preservative levels of contamination of simulated preservative fixation in timber with the levels of simulated rainfall. This method uses commercial sized wood sections wetted in a way that simulates actual rainfall and relates the associated run-off contam...
P Warburton, J A Cornfield
New boron-based biocides for the protection of wood
2002 - IRG/WP 02-30283
Boric acid and other simple inorganic oxides of boron are amongst the oldest wood preservatives currently in use. Their relatively low toxicity and broad-spectrum activity are just some of their desirable characteristics. The primary disadvantage associated with conventional boron-based preservatives is their lack of permanence in exposed applications. A collaborative project between CSIRO and the...
D G Humphrey, P J Duggan, E M Tyndall, J M Carr, L J Cookson
Field evaluation determining the toxic effect and diffusion properties of Impel, Improsol and TBTO-capsules in L-joints (spruce) for pretreatment application
1991 - IRG/WP 3641
Bonded joints (L-joints and T-joints) are especially at risk from water absorption (rain, condensation) over bare, unprotected radial wood surfaces (joggle joints). It is therefore quite certain that lasting protection against fungi attack cannot be guaranteed in the long term if the surface of coating is damaged. Therefore, in a field investigation, using L-joints (spruce) over a total period of ...
R Gründlinger, K Messner, O Janotta
The emission of boron compounds from treated particleboard
2000 - IRG/WP 00-40179
The emission of chemical vapours can be harmful both during treatment and service of wood and wood products. Samples of Standard particleboard (for interior use) were treated with trimethylborate, and a number of modified organo-boron compounds. Treated samples were placed immediately under a desiccator lid and air was drawn across each samples to 3 water traps. Water samples were taken after 30, ...
K M Filcock, P Vinden
Emissions from the combusting of boron and fluoride containing wood
1995 - IRG/WP 95-50040-18
The combustion properties of waste wood and wood residues containing wood preservatives were investigated in several test series after having been blended with untreated wood at a ratio of 1:4. The results for CFB, SF and boric salt show that, provided an optimized combustion, the concentrations of the stack pollutants correspond approximately with those found for untreated wood. Only during the c...
T Salthammer, H Klipp, R-D Peek
Leachability of didecyldimethylammonium chloride (a quaternary ammonium compound) from four wood species
1982 - IRG/WP 3204
Sapwood blocks prepared from red pine, ponderosa pine, southern yellow pine and hem-fir (a commercial mixture of western hemlock and amabilis fir) were treated with didecyldimethylammonium chloride, (an alkylammonium compound, AAC). After oven drying the blocks were vacuum impregnated with distilled water and subjected to a static leach cycle for 48 hours. The leachate was analyzed and the amount ...
J N R Ruddick, A R H Sam
Preservative treatment of two bamboo species Borak (Bambusa balcooa Roxb) and Talla (Bambusa tulda Roxb) by Boucherie method
2003 - IRG/WP 03-40262
Bamboo is widely used as a construction material in rural and urban areas of Bangladesh. It is perishable in nature and highly susceptible to the attack of borer, termites and fungi. As a result, bamboo products do not last long. This short life of bamboo is increasing demand thereby increasing pressure on our homestead and natural reserve of bamboo. For this reason, it is needed to make the bambo...
M N Islam, A S M A Huda, A K Saha, S M Mithue
Borate-treated food affects survival, vitamin B12 content, and digestive processes of subterranean termites
1990 - IRG/WP 1448
Toxicity of boron compounds was studied by analyzing survival rates and vitamin B12 contents in Formosan subterranean termites, Coptotermes formosanus Shiraki, that were exposed to dietary treatments for 10 days. The dietary treatments applied in moistened cellulose were (a) 0.05% boric acid equivalent (BAE) of disodium octaborate tetrahydrate, (b) 0.05% BAE of anmonium pentaborate plus sodium sul...
L H Williams, S I Sallay, J A Breznak
Effect of water repellents on leaching of CCA from treated fence and deck units - An update
1997 - IRG/WP 97-50086
In an earlier study, it was shown that CCA leaching losses could be reduced over an accelerated leaching and short term natural weathering exposures by post treatment application of a commercial water repellent. In this report, the effects of this coating and two commercial CCA solution water repellent additives are evaluated after two years of natural weathering. Wood boards were pressure treated...
P A Cooper, Y T Ung, R M Vicar
Susceptibility of CCA treated North American hardwoods to Chaetomium globosum decay
1998 - IRG/WP 98-10278
Seven species of hardwood, Beech (Fagus grandifolia), Basswood (Tilia americana), Maple (Acer rubrum), Oak (Quercus rubra), Trembling Aspen (Populus tremuloides), White birch (Betula papyrifera) and Yellow poplar (Liriodendron tulipifera) were vacuum or pressure impregnated with CCA, at four retention levels. The CCA was allowed to fix in the wood at 35°C. Red pine (Pinus resinosa) was also inclu...
U Srinivasan, Y T Ung, P A Cooper
Waterborne preservative treatability of tamarack (Larix laricina (Du Roi) K.Koch)
1998 - IRG/WP 98-40112
Eastern larch or tamarack (Larix laricina (Du Roi) K.Koch) lumber from New Brunswick, Canada was evaluated for preservative treatability with chromated copper arsenate (CCA-C) and ammoniacal copper arsenate (ACA). The fixation and leaching characteristics of CCA-C treated tamarack sapwood and heartwood were also evaluated. CCA-C penetration into both sapwood and heartwood was poor. ACA fully penet...
A Taylor, Y T Ung, P A Cooper
Effect of climate, species, preservative concentration and water repellent on leaching from CCA-treated lumber exposed above ground
2001 - IRG/WP 01-50178
Few studies have examined leaching of chromated copper arsenate (CCA) from treated wood in above ground exposures due to the assumption that leaching is less severe compared to wood in continuous contact with soil or water. However, a significant portion of CCA treated wood is used for above ground applications, exposing considerable volumes of the preservative to precipitation and potential leach...
J L Taylor, P A Cooper
Leaching amount of wood preservatives from treated wood in different size during outdoor exposure for 6 months
2000 - IRG/WP 00-50160
Eighteen impregnated specimens with CCA, ACQ, and BAAC preservatives were subjected to a outdoor leaching test. Test specimens, 10 x 10 x 25 cm3, 5 x 10 x 25 cm3, 2 x 10 x 25 cm3 in size, were cut from Japanese cedar (Cryptomeria japonica). Both of end surfaces were sealed with a silicone sealer in the half number of specimens. Total leaching amounts of copper from the open-end ACQ specimens of 10...
K Yamamoto, S Motegi, A Inai
Laboratory termite testing of copper boron tebuconazole
2000 - IRG/WP 00-20192
The American Wood Preservers' Association laboratory choice and no choice termite test (AWPA E1-97) was performed on a formulation of copper azole, which is comprised of copper, boric acid, and tebuconazole. The formulation tested has a ratio of copper:boric acid:tebuconazole of 25:25:1. So as to examine the impact of leaching, the southern yellow pine wafers were treated with and without...
R F Fox, E A Pasek, J Patel
Wood surface pretreatments with metal tannates
1989 - IRG/WP 3552
The sequential application of aqueous solutions of tannins derived from radiata pine bark and water-soluble metal salts was examined as a means of improving the water repellency of wood surfaces. Nine metal salts were screened in combination with tannin solutions and, based on water repellency of pretreated filter paper, four were selected for further study. The two-step application of tannin solu...
D V Plackett, D R Cronshaw
Screening of the efficacy of tall oils against wood decaying fungi
2004 - IRG/WP 04-30354
Tall oil is a by-product in pulping of resinous wood by the sulphate process. Tall oil contains a complex mixture of wood extractives. Some of these extractives act as natural protection against wood decaying fungi while other serve as nutrition for the fungi.
This report describes a screening of the efficacy of four refined tall oils with different chemical composition on wood decaying fungi. ...
G Alfredsen, P O Flæte, A Temiz, M Eikenes, H Militz
A study of poplar LVL durability improvement:
1999 - IRG/WP 99-40148
The aim of this study was to optimise the durability of LVL panels by adding boron during the gluing process. Poplar veneers (2,6 mm thickness ) were selected by ISORY a French company . Two types of glue were tested : Phenol resorcine and Melamine Urea Formaldehyde. Each of them was mixed with various concentrations of borax (for the first one) and Boric acid(for the second one). Mechanical prope...
B Charrier, V Bridaux, N Fauroux, F Charrier
Assessing the leachability of chlorothalonil and methylene bis thiocyanate from antisapstain treated radiata pine
1998 - IRG/WP 98-30176
Rain wash-off and leaching of antisapstain fungicides from wood may cause pollution of waterways and may also lead to a decrease in the efficacy of a formulation against fungal degrade as chemicals deplete from the timber surface.
In the current study, the leachability of chlorothalonil (CTL) and methylene bis thiocyanate (MBT), the active ingredients of a commercial antisapstain formulation, was...
B Kreber, T L Woods
Removal of copper, chromium and arsenic from CCA treated wood using boron compounds
2005 - IRG/WP 05-50230
This study evaluates the copper (Cu), chromium (Cr) and arsenic (As) removal from CCA treated wood using boron compounds such as boric acid, borax (sodium tetraborate), and Timbor (DOT, disodium octaborate tetrahydrate) at varying (3 and 5%) concentrations. Remediation processes were taken at 1, 5 and 10 day intervals. Metals in remediated chips or sawdust were then analyzed using ICP and XRF. Res...
B Tarakanadha, T Hata, S N Kartal, W J Hwang, Y Imamura