Your search resulted in 935 documents. Displaying 25 entries per page.
Optimized composition of alkyd emulsion with nanoparticles of iron oxide for enhancing protection of thermally modified wood
2022 - IRG/WP 22-40940
Thermal treatment is acknowledged as an environmentally friendly method to improve durability of wood and some of its properties, such as biological resistance, dimensional stability, reduced hygroscopy. Despite these improvements, when used outdoors, also thermally treated wood is subjected to the action of environmental factors, like solar radiation, moisture, precipitations, temperature, etc., ...
E Sansonetti, D Cīrule, I Andersone, B Andersons, E Kuka
Phenol formaldehyde modification and termite resistance under laboratory testing
2022 - IRG/WP 22-40952
The development of phenol formaldehyde (PF) resins as a means of impregnating solid wood is one that has been explored for several decades, both in terms of conventional impregnation processing (Impreg) or compressional impregnation (Compreg). However, it is only recently with advances in processing conditions that the method truly affords a means of achieving conventional modification for solid t...
L Nunes, A Pitman, M Duarte, B Stefanowski, D Jones
Utilization of Pressure Treated Lumber in Cross Laminated Timber Manufacture and its Impact on Bondline
2022 - IRG/WP 22-40953
Mass timber building construction is increasing dramatically across North America which presents challenges to these structures not seen in Northern Europe. Large parts of the United States harbor termites and existing mass timber building technologies that rely solely on moisture exclusion to increase durability are insufficient in these areas. The successful expansion of mass timber construction...
G Presley, C Wainscott, J Valenti, S Noble
Evaluation of Decay Resistance for the Larch Wood Heat-treated with Superheated Steam
2022 - IRG/WP 22-40956
Heat-treatment of wood is a process that involves applying heat ranging 160–260°C to improve its physico-mechanical properties and resistance against wood rot fungi. The level of the changes in the wood properties by heat-treatment differs depending on the temperature and duration of heat-treatment, as well as the types of heat transfer media used for heat-treatment. The heat-treatment on wood ...
Y Park, S-M Yoon, H Kim, W-J Hwang
Management of invasive West Indian drywood termite in Queensland: Transition from mandatory to voluntary treatment
2023 - IRG/WP 23-11002
Cryptotermes brevis, the West Indian drywood termite (WIDT) is the most destructive drywood termite globally. It is capable of infesting both softwoods and hardwoods in timber structures. In Australia C. brevis was first discovered in 1940s and later an established infestation was discovered in Maryborough, Queensland in 1966 and then in Brisbane and Bundaberg in 1975. In 1977 the Queensland Gover...
C Fitzgerald, B Hassan
Synergized pyrethrins insecticide as a spot treatment option for West Indian drywood termites
2023 - IRG/WP 23-11004
Pyrethrin is a natural biopesticide with relatively low mammalian toxicity. Two identical products in Australia contain pyrethrin in liquid CO2-propelled aerosol, Pestigas from BOC international and SupaPy Supagas. In the current study, the toxicity of SupaPy was tested against West Indian drywood termite Cryptotermes brevis as an option for spot treatment of this pest. Termites were exposed to wo...
B Hassan, C J Fitzgerald
Effect of Moisture Cycles and Timber Treatment on the Performance of Screwed Connections
2023 - IRG/WP 23-20694
The impact of moisture in timber structures is associated with the deterioration of timber, and loss of mechanical performance. Methods have been developed to treat timber using chemicals to inhibit deterioration, however, water intrusion has much more immediate effects on the mechanical properties of timber associated with swelling and shrinkage of the wood. The effects of moisture on the mechani...
L Yermán, M Xiao, Z Yan, L-M Ottenhaus
Accelerated surface mould testing for exterior wood treatment in Temperate, Tropical and Laboratory environments
2023 - IRG/WP 23-20699
Mould attack is a very common cause of discoloration on wooden surfaces and can subsequently promote development of wood decay by other organisms. Prevention of mould growth is relevant for both pigmented wood paints as well as more transparent systems with a high or low amount of binder. The use of commercial biocides has led to effective microbiological inhibition in many contexts, but the incre...
A Nazeri, J Stenbaek, T R Laursen, A H H Wong, B M Hasnul
Improvement of durability of Scots pine against termites by impregnation with citric acid and glycerol followed by in situ polyesterification
2023 - IRG/WP 23-30777
Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) sapwood samples were impregnated with solution containing citric acid (CA) and glycerol (Gly) followed by heating 140 °C according to already described procedure (L'hostis et al. 2018). The resulting modified woods were then used to evaluate the effect of chemical modification on the durability against termites. Two kinds of experiments were conducted for this purpos...
M Mubarok, J Damay, E Masson, E Fredon, Y S Hadi, I W Darmawan, P Gerardin
Influence of weathering of wood surfaces before and after treatment with iron(II) sulphate
2023 - IRG/WP 23-30786
Outdoor wood is exposed to various factors that cause the wood to grey or age. The ageing processes can vary greatly depending on the exposure. Parts of the wood that are not exposed to external factors, e.g. under the eaves, are less exposed and the ageing process is therefore slower. This can be accelerated by solutions based on iron ions. In this way, the wood greys quickly and evenly. However,...
B Lesar, M Humar, F Osvald
Tree bark as a renewable source of wood protection materials for building applications (BarkBuild)
2023 - IRG/WP 23-30792
The BarkBuild project aims to address climate change mitigation by developing new, sustainable, and long-lasting wood building materials with low environmental impact. The project focuses on developing bark-based wood protection and building formulations that demonstrate technical performance, safety, and sustainability in both outdoor and indoor applications. The research objectives of the projec...
A Treu, M Sipponen
A novel wood preservative with vegetal extracts-cypermethrin mixture protects H2-weathered envelope-treated tropical hardwood kempas against Coptotermes termites
2023 - IRG/WP 23-30794
In accordance with sustainability development initiatives by commercial wood protection to conceive of cost-effective, environmentally acceptable wood treatment solutions replacing traditional biocides, this paper reports an aboveground subterranean termite test of termite-susceptible heartwood blocks of the tropical (Malaysian) structural hardwood kempas (Koompassia malaccensis) envelope-treated ...
D Messaoudi, A H H Wong
Envelope wood protection against subterranean termites under H2-hazard class tropical environment by a new generation wood preservative with vegetal extracts-cypermethrin mixtures
2023 - IRG/WP 23-30795
Wood protection industries in progressive economies globally are compelled to develop cost-effective, environmentally acceptable wood treatment solutions for long term carbon storage in wood materials/products while appealing to consumer demands for low environmental impact treated wood. A new generation wood preservative, based in part on 2% vegetal extracts and 0.16% cypermethrin components, has...
D Messaoudi, A H H Wong
Identifying compatible waterborne timber preservatives and fire retardants for use in a VPI system: a practical approach
2023 - IRG/WP 23-30796
To enhance the use and suitability of timber in all applications in both exterior and interior settings, timber typically needs to be treated with a preservative and/or a fire retardant chemical. Combining fire retardants with preservatives into a single treatment process has been a long-term aim of researchers in the timber preservative industry because of the significant logistic and economic ad...
R Robinson, S Meldrum
Field test methods as long-term aging – report of selective wood properties
2023 - IRG/WP 23-40962
Wood samples from a long-term field test are a valuable compendium of information about the material in the context of its aging processes. In the current work, wood samples from the round-robin test within the ECOMOD project were used as a material for the natural aging process (III and IV class of utility). The research scope was to determine selected properties of this wood which can be partial...
W Perdoch, M Benc, B Mazela, A Szulc, J Cegiela
Non-vacuum/pressure ACQ treatment
2023 - IRG/WP 23-40971
Many developing countries are located in sub-tropical or tropical regions where rapid wood deterioration results in early failure of many structures. Whilst preservative treatment would help to reduce these losses and extend the forest resource commercial vacuum pressure treatment systems are often too expensive. The use of lower technology treatment systems, while not as quick as vacuum pressure ...
J Norton
Ultrasound as an alternative treatment in wood protection
2023 - IRG/WP 23-40973
Bursaphelenchus xylophilus Nickle 1970 is probably the most important nematode of the pine, affecting coniferous forest masses, and that has forced the European Union to take measures to prevent its propagation. In sawmills, wood is currently subjected to heat treatment in accordance with the International Standard for Phytosanitary Measures No. 15 (ISPM 15 2019). This standard contemplates three ...
L Robertson, S M Santos, S Cobacho Arcos , A Navas, M T Troya
The impact of pre-drying on treatment level variations of esterified solid wood analysed by X-ray densitometry
2023 - IRG/WP 23-40977
Wood modification requires homogenous treatment levels within the wood matrix to prevent insufficiently treated areas being subject to biodeterioration. Esterification of wood by citric acid and sorbitol can show differences in density caused by uneven chemical distribution during the curing phase and can be detected by x-ray densitometry. This study used density profiling to investigate the influ...
A Treu, S O Amiandamhem, E Larnoy
Starch modified with silanes – high hydrophobic surface treatment for wood protection
2023 - IRG/WP 23-40981
The great potential of silanes for starch modification and their utility as surface wood protection is still not sufficiently assessed. The work aimed to analyze the crosslinking process's effect on starch modification with silane and tested the hydrophobic properties of surface-treated wood. The starch treatment was modified with methyltrimethoxysilane or N-octyltriethoxysilane. SEM-EDX with a cr...
W Perdoch, M Bajstok, B Mazela, I Siemińska, B Peplińska
Modification of Gmelina arborea wood for utilization in Nigeria
2023 - IRG/WP 23-40986
The level of protection achieved by any wood treatment process is dependent on achieving a sufficient uptake and penetration of the treatment chemicals. This phenomenon is also applicable when considering chemical modification of any wood species. The desired changes in physical, mechanical or durability enhancement of treated species can only be achieved beyond a superficial treatment. For this, ...
S O Olaniran, H Militz
Modification of wood by fast pyrolysis bio-oil – the NewWave project concept for bio-based wood treatment
2023 - IRG/WP 23-40990
The NewWave project aims to contribute to building a circular economy by introducing sustainable raw materials in different manufacturing lines, replacing toxic chemicals and lowering the environmental footprint of the products. The raw materials are obtained from the thermochemical fractionation of biomass. This process converts biomass residues by fast pyrolysis into Fast Pyrolysis Bio-Oil (FPBO...
A Sandak, J Sandak, F Poohphajai, R Herrera Diaz, A Gubenšek, K Butina Ogorelec, L Kiezebrink, K J Swager, H Heeres, B van de Beld
Fungicidal properties of black liquor from the waste MDF board digestion in terms of wood protection
2023 - IRG/WP 23-50379
The aim of the work was to determine the fungicidal properties of black liquor as a product of the chemical digestion of waste MDF board. The resistance of wood treated with black liquor from MDF waste pulping process was compared with the resistance of wood treated with black liquor from the pulping process of a by-product from agricultural production. The control material consisted of non-treate...
B Mazela, W Perdoch, A Szulc, I Sieminska
Eradication of beetles attacking wooden historical buildings by humidity-controlled warm-air treatment
2023 - IRG/WP 23-11028
Humidity-controlled warm-air treatment is a method that kills mainly beetles that are damaging the wood. In this process, a heat-insulating and airtight covering is placed around the object building, and the temperature inside the covering is gradually raised to about 60°C, held for a certain period of time, and then gradually lowered. While maintained at 60°C, all forms of damaging insects - ad...
Y Fujii, Y Fujiwara, M Harada, H Kitahara, M Shimada, S Kondo, Y Sato, M Shimada, R Kigawa, H Watanabe, Y Komine, S Hidaka, D Ogura
Laboratory and field evaluations of bio-based termiticide containing Arnica extract from Berkem Biosolutions® against native and Formosan subterranean termites
2024 - IRG/WP 24-11049
Arnica extract from Berkem Biosolutions® is a 100% plant-based ingredient, rich in active molecules, particularly polyphenols, specially adapted to the needs and challenges of termite protection. The efficacy performance of a bio-based termiticide product containing Arnica extract from Berkem Biosolutions® had been evaluated both in soil treatment and in wood protection treatment against native ...
D Messaoudi, J Curole, Q Wu
Barriers of polyglycol/borate treated wood prevent termite attack to untreated wood above them in 10-year field tests
2024 - IRG/WP 24-20709
As a pioneer in wood protection and borate research Terry Amburgey, a lifetime member of the IRG, had many projects where borates were used in subsequently commercially very successful applications. This paper is one of the initial research projects that lead to polyglycol borates being used as a standalone treatment to protect against termites in new homes which has now been well proven over the ...
K W Ragon, J D Lloyd, T L Amburgey