Your search resulted in 3362 documents. Displaying 25 entries per page.
Tannin resin-boron for outdoor wood protection and fire retardancy
2011 - IRG/WP 11-30567
Boron in the form of boric acid is well known for its efficacy against wood destroying organisms, as well as for its high leachability from treated wood when in outside exposure. Moreover, due to the European directive 2008/58/EC, boric acid is only authorized at low levels. In order to keep considering boric acid as an interesting active ingredient for wood protection, the issue is now to fix it ...
M-F Thévenon, G Tondi, N Leménager, S Wieland, A Pizzi
The potential for using CuO nanoparticles as a wood preservative
2011 - IRG/WP 11-30569
The potential for using nano-copper particles for wood protection was investigated using mini-agar slant and wood block tests with Gloeophyllum trabeum or Trametes versicolor. Nano-copper was more effective against G. trabeum than T. versicolor, although neither of these fungi would be considered copper tolerant. Nano-copper solutions were stable over a 17 week storage period, but precipitated w...
I S Weitz, K Knani, M Maoz, C Freitag, J J Morrell
Protective Levels of Borates in timber Foundation Piles 5 – 18 Years after In-situ Remedial Treatment in Areas with Wet Clay Ground Conditions. The Jerbor and Eurobor Protocol, Part 1.
2011 - IRG/WP 11-30571
Timber has been used as foundation piles and grillages for decades or even centuries. Since the late 1970s a method for investigate, analyze and treat building timber foundations in soft clay grounds against decay fungus with a biocide have been developed and used by the late professor Allan Jerbo. Settling of buildings in soft clay grounds is continuously monitored and if damages to the building ...
M Theorin, K-M Bandh
The study of fungicidal values und sorption processes of ionic liquids- potential wood preservatives on soils
2011 - IRG/WP 11-30572
In the paper, the fungicidal activity of new ionic liquids structures, N,N-dimethylalkylamines derivatives, containing a spacer built of 7 or 10 methylene groups with nitrate(V) and tetrafluoroborate anions, didecyldimethylammonium and benzalkonium nitrate(V) were presented. The research was also conducted on the sorption of cations of ammonium ionic liquids on five types of podzolic, humic alluvi...
W Przybylska, J Zabielska-Matejuk, A Stangierska, A Skrzypczak
Design, synthesis, characterisation and effectiveness of ‘Locked-in-Boron’ chemicals for H3.2 level of wood protection
2011 - IRG/WP 11-30577
Boratrane molecules with five-membered and six-membered molecular ring systems, and with various ring substituents were synthesised, characterised and formulated for wood treatment for accelerated laboratory bioassays using wood decay fungi as test organisms. Six-membered ring boratranes showed lower efficacy in laboratory assays than five-membered ring boratranes. One alkyl-substituted boratran...
R Franich, H Kroese, S Gallagher, S Hill, B Kelly, G Billett, R Meder, W Rae
Biological and mechanical performances of particleboard panels made from maritime pine (Pinus pinaster) and glued with cornstarch-mimosa tannin-urea formaldehyde adhesive
2011 - IRG/WP 11-40542
The objective of this work was to demonstrate the utility of cornstarch-mimosa tannin-based resins designed for application as an adhesive in the particleboard production. Bond qualities of cornstarch-mimosa tannin- urea formaldehyde (UF) (10:4:86, weight ratios) resins and commercial UF resin were assessed by using an automatic bonding evaluation system, prior to production of particleboard panel...
A Moubarik, F Charrier, A Pizzi, A Allal, B Charrier
Acetylation Properties of Southern Pine and Radiata Pine
2011 - IRG/WP 11-40543
The chemical modification of wood via acetylation with acetic anhydride has been a well investigated technology and is of current commercial interest due to improved properties such as dimensional stability as well as resistance to termites and resistance to rot and decay fungi. Despite this, the acetylation of a board substrate requires further investigation in order to assess board properties a...
J Allen, T Guinn, J Dickerson
A Critical Review and Survey of the US Wooden Pallet Industry: Focusing on Market Segmentation & N. American Trends
2011 - IRG/WP 11-40545
This paper reviews the history and current and predicted future use values in N. America. Included in this work is historical data on rationality and wood species used to manufacture wooden pallets in the USA and an ongoing current market survey sent to the 1000 largest manufacturers and re-manufacturers in the USA based on SIC Code 2448(Standard Industrial Code Classification). Although CHEP, the...
M H Freeman
The resistance to Basidiomycetes fungi of chipboard 35 years after their industrial preservation with wood preservative on fluoroborate basis
2011 - IRG/WP 11-40546
The research on wood-based panels’ (WBP) behaviour towards fungi impact demonstrated rather low resistance of wood-based materials to wood rotting fungi. However, these materials are used in construction under conditions favourable to fungi growth. In such conditions WBP treated with wood preservatives should be used. Preservation durability is of great importance in such cases. The resistance o...
A Fojutowski, A Kropacz
Study of the durability of the Maderon® against wood decay fungi and insects
2011 - IRG/WP 11-40548
Many industries produce residues that are not easily degradable. One of these is nut husks which, due to their high level of resistance to biological and environmental degradation, have become an ecological problem. Maderón® is a material invented and patented in Spain employed as an ecological substitute and a modern alternative to certain uses of wood. At present, Maderón® is commercialized ...
M T Troya, F Llinares, P Jiménez, J I Fernández-Golfín, M Conde, R Díaz
Further Studies on the Distribution of Copper in Treated Wood Using an XRF Microscope Technique
2011 - IRG/WP 11-40549
There are two distinct forms of copper in aqueous copper based wood preservative systems that are currently used in the United States for treatment of southern pine lumber. These are systems using either soluble copper (typically amine based) or the more recent particulate or “micronized” copper as the primary biocide. Studies reported last year showed that there were distinct differences in...
A Zahora
Quantification of mobile copper (II) levels in micronized copper treated wood
2011 - IRG/WP 11-40550
The purpose of this study is to quantify the mobile copper(II) levels in micronized copper treated wood using electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy. A correlation between EPR and EDX intensities on mobile copper levels in a series of copper sulphate treated wood was created as a calibration standard. Laboratory treatments using micronized copper formulations were then carried out and ...
Wei Xue, P Kennepohl J N R Ruddick
Physical properties of Pinus radiata veneers modified with hexamethoxymethyl melamine prepolymers
2011 - IRG/WP 11-40551
Prepolymers containing hexamethoxymethyl melamine and either sucrose (Suc-HMMM) or polyvinyl alcohol (PVA-HMMM) were prepared by acid catalysis under reaction conditions optimised with respect to stiffening effect when introduced into Pinus radiata veneers by vacuum impregnation and cured by hot pressing at 150C. Maximum increases in MOE were 20% for Suc-HMMM (50% WPG), 22% for PVA-HMMM (...
C Molloy, W Rae, S Connor, T Henderson, A Siraa
Biological properties of Pinus radiata veneers modified with hexamethoxymethyl melamine
2011 - IRG/WP 11-40552
An investigation of the effects on decay and termite resistance of a wood modification process involving prepolymers of hexamethoxymethyl melamine (HMMM) was conducted using LVL as a model engineered wood product. Dry Pinus radiata veneers were vacuum-impregnated with a wood modification formulation containing a mixture (P-H:S-H) of two separate prepolymerisation reactions containing polyvinyl al...
A Siraa, S Millward, C Molloy
Challenges and new developments in testing electro osmotic pulsing technology (PLEOT) by means of conventional laboratory methods
2011 - IRG/WP 11-40555
A new wood protection system, electro-osmotic pulsing technology, called PLEOT, is tested in lab trials using different test setup. The technology is tested on Scots pine sapwood and beech wood samples exposed to brown- and white rot fungi. Mass loss and moisture content is calculated after testing and a chitin analysis are performed on the sample powder.
Two different electrodes are used in ord...
A Treu, E Larnøy
Ambient-temperature borate dip-diffusion treatment of green railroad crossties
2011 - IRG/WP 11-40556
In the USA, borates are increasingly being applied prior to air seasoning and creosote treatment of railroad ties (railway sleepers). Borates are typically applied to green ties by vacuum pressure application at 1 to 10% disodium octaborate tetrahydrate (DOT) concentration or by traditional dip-diffusion treatments at elevated temperatures. Higher temperatures are used to maintain the 30 to 50% so...
Jae-Woo Kim, A M Taylor, C Köse
Study of properties and application of Paulownia in wood industries
2011 - IRG/WP 11-40560
Important of required raw material supply regarding constraint in harvesting, increasingly population, change in consumption pattern and increasingly focus on wood products and per capita in consumption is obvious for anyone. Paulownia is a marvelous tree species with its characteristics of fast-growing, good Wood quality, multiple uses, wide-ranged distribution, easy propagation, deep root system...
M Akhtari
Moisture protection and performance during 5 years exposure of 19 wood coating systems on a cladding in Vienna
2011 - IRG/WP 11-40561
A cladding with vertical boards of Norway spruce (Picea abies) comprising different coating systems had been exposed to natural weathering oriented south west in Vienna for 5 years. Weathering behaviour of the boards was assessed in intervals and wood moisture content was measured over the first 22 months of exposure. The moisture protective properties of the coating systems were assessed using la...
G Grüll, I Spitaler, M Truskaller
Durability of modified wood in UC3 and UC4. Results from lab tests and 5 years testing in 3 fields
2011 - IRG/WP 11-40562
In 2005 an extensive test program including field tests was set up in order to obtain more data on the durability and long term performance of modified wood and semi-durable wood species. One of the main challenges for modified wood is to predict accurate service life time in UC3 (use class 3, above ground) and UC4 (use class 4, in soil or fresh water contact). So far, data from in-service condi...
M Westin, G Alfredsen
Evaluation effect of kiln schedule on Warp, Twist, Bow and surface checks in Poplar Wood
2011 - IRG/WP 11-40565
In this research, to establish a kiln-drying schedule for poplar (Populus nigra) lumber with 75 mm thickness that cut down from North Khorasan province in Iran, with three schedules T5-D2 (Forest Product Laboratory), T5-D3 and T8-D5 were adapted for drying the lumbers down to the final moisture content of 8±2%. primary dry bulb temperature each three schedules was adjusted at 49,49 and 54°C and ...
M. Akhtari, M.Arefkhani
Limited variability in biological durability of thermally modified timber using vacuum based technology
2011 - IRG/WP 11-40567
The SmartHeat® thermal timber treatment is a new technology based on the process parameters being steered very precisely mainly due to the vacuum applied and heating system involved. Timber treated with this technology shows a potential for less variability of biological durability in one batch. Several batch treatments were sampled and assessed on statistical variability of decay resistance agai...
J Van Acker, S Michon, J Van den Bulcke, I De Windt, B Van Swaay, M Stevens
Wet and dry adhesion of coatings on modified and unmodified wood: influence of 18 months of natural weathering on the pull-off test and cross-cut test results
2011 - IRG/WP 11-40569
The objective of this paper is to study the influence of several types of modification (acetylation, furfurylation, heat treatment) on coatings adhesion after 18 months of natural weathering according to EN 927-3 in Vienna (Austria).
The paper compares two methods for assessing the adhesion: the cross-cut test (EN ISO 2409) which is the conventional method used and recommended in EN 927-3 and th...
L Podgorski, G Grüll, M Truskaller, J D Lanvin, S Bollmus
Decrease of stiffness properties of degraded wood predicted by means of micromechanical modeling
2011 - IRG/WP 11-40570
Wood exhibits a highly anisotropic mechanical behavior due to its heterogeneous microscopic structure and composition. Its microstructure is organized in a strictly hierarchical manner from a length scale of some nanometers, where the elementary constituents cellulose, hemicelluloses, lignin, and extractives are found, up to a length scale of some millimeters, where growth rings composed of earlyw...
T K Bader, K Hofstetter, G Alfredsen, S Bollmus
Characterizing long term leaching behaviour of copper from preservative treated wood in a practical exposure scenario
2011 - IRG/WP 11-50278
To investigate the prediction of the long term emission of copper from preservative treated wood in a Use Class Class 3 scenario, treated boards were exposed vertically above ground to natural weather conditions. The study included two products; an amine copper ACQ-type formulation, air-dried after treatment to a 22 kg/m3 retention, and the same formulation which was hot oil vacuum dried after tre...
T Mark Venås, M Klamer
Copper Migration from Micronized Copper Preservatives Treated Wood in soil contact:
2011 - IRG/WP 11-50280
Emerging formulations of preservatives made with micronized basic copper carbonates with azoles and/or quat to control copper tolerant fungi have been used to replace formulations containing soluble copper to reduce the leaching of copper and the corrosion of metal in contact with wood. This study proposes to use laboratory soil leaching test AWPA standard (E20-08) to estimate the amount of copper...
Lei Wang, D P Kamdem