Your search resulted in 1408 documents. Displaying 25 entries per page.
A non-destructive testing technique for wood poles
1987 - IRG/WP 2293
A method has been developed to evaluate the stiffness and condition of a wood pole based on structural dynamics. This paper describes the results of tests performed on nearly 200 wood utility poles across Western Canada. A high correlation exists between the dynamic non-destructive test and direct mechanical tests. The need for an accurate non-destructive testing technique is demonstrated by the f...
W M Murphy, D E Franklin, R A Palylyk
Wood cement composites using spent CCA treated wood
1999 - IRG/WP 99-50126
The feasibility of using spent or out-of-service CCA treated wood as a component of wood/cement composites was evaluated. Cold pressed wood particle cement boards were made using CCA treated particles from a red pine (Pinus resinosa Ait.) pole removed from service and from untreated red pine wood from a new pole. Boards were manufactured using a range of wood to cement ratios and water to cement r...
Chen Huang, P A Cooper
A comparison of fatty acid and molecular profiles for identification of wood colonizing basidiomycota
2003 - IRG/WP 03-20278
Two methods that are currently being employed to detect and identify wood decay fungi are Fatty Acid Methyl Ester (FAME) analysis and Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (RFLP) analysis. A FAME library and RFLP library for 9 species and up to 10 strains within each species have been developed. The profiles generated by these methods have been compared for each species and strain to test for...
T C McElroy, L Prewitt, S V Diehl
Detection of the dry rot fungus Serpula lacrymans by amplified ribosomal DNA restriction analysis
1998 - IRG/WP 98-10245
Isolates of the dry rot fungus Serpula lacrymans and the wild merulius S. himantioides were investigated by amplified ribosomal DNA restriction analyses (ARDRA) of the internal transcribed spacers (ITS). The technique uses the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to amplify the variable region of the ITS between the conserved 18S and 28S genes of the nuclear ribosomal DNA (rDNA).
The ITS region of all isolates of Serpula lacrymans and S. himantioides was successfully amplified. The length of the amplified product was about 630 bp. Subsequent double digest of the ITS with the restriction endonucleases Haelli and Taql separated the closely related fungi by species-specific fragments. Thus, ARDRA-ITS proved to be suited for the detection of the dry rot fungus.
O Schmidt, U Moreth
The control and pretreatment decay in air seasoning Scots and Corsican pine poles in England
1990 - IRG/WP 1451
Previous work clearly showed that air-seasoned, British grown Scots and Corsican pine poles are subject to serious pretreatment decay. In order to control these infections a range of pretreatments are currently being investigated. One series of treatments is designed not only to control decay but also allow the development of mould and stain fungi in order to achieve the desired increases in poros...
D J Dickinson, A R Zahora, A P Dodson
Chitin synthetase activity in cellular fractions of wood-decay fungi
1992 - IRG/WP 92-1524
This study was an attempt to explain the variability of in vivo sensitivity of wood decay fungi to the chitin synthetase (CS) inhibitor, polyoxin, by comparing CS distribution in cellular fractions. The five species studied were the brown-rot fungi Coniophora puteana, Gloeophyllum trabeum, Fibuloporia vaillantii, and the white-rot fungi Schizophyllum commune and Ganoderma applanatum. The CS activi...
B R Johnson, S C Croan, B Illman
Resistance of board materials against fungal decay: A comparative experiment on Kolle flask tests method and direct test method
1985 - IRG/WP 2243
Two sets of plywood (Aucoumea klaineana Pierre) 7 and 11 ply, treated by two preservatives, and untreated, were tested by two methods: 1. Kolle flask test method on malt-agar substrate according to the French standard NF B 51.295; 2. A direct test method in non sterile conditions according to DocNo: IRG/WP/2214. The exposure time far both methods was 12 weeks. After exposure, the degree of attack ...
G R Y Déon, L N Trong
The potential of high pressure pulsation processes to treat white spruce lumber with water-borne preservatives
1988 - IRG/WP 3471
Laboratory work using end sealed 4x8x46 cm³ white spruce samples has been done to explore the suitability of three variants of a 2.1 MPa pulsation process for the impregnation of white spruce with CCA. The results showed that the process improved significantly the penetration of the preservatives and reduced significantly cell collapse, when compared with the results of treatment using a 2.1 MPa ...
J P Hösli, J N R Ruddick
Soft rot in heartwood of preservative-treated pole stubs of Eucalyptus cypellocarpa L. Johnson
1983 - IRG/WP 1204
Pole stubs of Eucalyptus cypellocarpa L. Johnson, treated in the sapwood with certain waterborne preservatives and exposed for 21 to 23 years in a dry tropical region were severely soft-rotted in the heartwood, as well as the sapwood. They broke with a brash fracture when stress tested (loaded as a cantilever) in the field. The severe soft rot in the heartwood was not detected by the knife test or...
J E Barnacle, G C Johnson, M A Tighe
Evaluation of fungi isolated from the galleries of the striped ambrosia beetle Xyloterus lineatus (Ol.) (Col., Scolytidae)
1995 - IRG/WP 95-10092
Fungi from the galleries of the striped ambrosia beetle Xyloterus lineatus (Trypodendron lineatum) (Ol.) found in spruce logs were studied. The following fungi were isolated and identified: Trichoderma harzianum Rifai, the yeast Pichia anomale Hansen (Kurzman), the blue-stain fungus Ceratocystis piceae (graphium) (Münch) Bakshi and a fungus closely similar to Ceratocystis araucariae (anamorph). T...
G Babuder,F Pohleven
A comparison analysis of eight strains of Serpula lacrymans (Schum. ex Fr.) S.F. Gray
1991 - IRG/WP 2362
Investigations were previously carried out to compare eight strains of Serpula lacrymans (Schum. ex Fr.) S.F. Gray (some used in various countries as standard test strains): FPRL 12C (England), FPRL 12E (Germany), Warsaw III (Poland), HFP 7802 (Japan), DFP 16508, 16509, 16521 and 16522 (Australia). Studies included growth rate and dry mass of mycelium, decay capacity, reduction of compression stre...
J Wazny, J D Thornton
Extracellular laccase production in brown-rot fungus Coniophora puteana
2001 - IRG/WP 01-10391
Coniophora puteana, one of representing brown-rot fungus, was investigated in terms of extracellular ligninolytic enzyme production. Three fungal strains of C. puteana were inoculated in liquid culture medium with sawdust of pine and oak wood. Extracellular laccase production was observed in some strains of C. puteana in the culture medium with sawdust of oak wood. The highest activity occurred at...
Kwang-Ho Lee, Seung-Gon Wi, Yoon Soo Kim
Factors affecting the resistance of fibre building boards to fungal attack
1975 - IRG/WP 252
Fungal decay is initiated at lower moisture contents in standard and tempered hardboards (18%) than in pine sapwood (26%). In contrast, in a saturated atmosphere, the equilibrium moisture contents of standard hardboard (14%) and of tempered hardboard (12.5%) are much lower than the moisture content permitting decay initiation whilst the equilibrium moisture content of pine sapwood (25.1%) approach...
C Grant, J G Savory
Evaluation of decay fungi in Norwegian buildings
2005 - IRG/WP 05-10562
During a period of 2 years and 3 months (1 January 2001 - 20 March 2003) Mycoteam had 3161 consultations in buildings in southern Norway, 1428 revealing damage from decay fungi. One consultation often revealed several occurrences of fungi, and the total number of occurrences of decay fungi was 3434. Thirty-five different species/genera/groups of decay fungi were recorded. During this period brown ...
G Alfredsen, H Solheim, K Mohn Jenssen
Sawmill Evaluation of a Bioprotectant against Moulds, Stain and Decay on Green Lumber
2003 - IRG/WP 03-10460
Moulds, stain and decay cause serious problems on wood utilization. Though a growing volume of wood is kiln-dried, the market for green exports remains significant, and environment-friendly wood protection is required to replace traditional chemicals. As a solution to this problem, Forintek Canada Corp. developed a bioprotectant for protecting logs and green lumber from moulds, stain and decay, wh...
Dian-Qing Yang, M Gignac, M-C Bisson
Performance of above ground decay test units treated with a substituted isothiazolone
1989 - IRG/WP 3503
RH 287, a substituted isothiazolone, was evaluated for efficacy against decay fungi in an above ground test in Mississippi. After 45 months of exposure, all test units that were pressure treated with this biocide at levels of 0.026 pcf and higher have no deterioration. In addition, the test units that were dip-treated with a solution concentration of 0.5% also have no deterioration. Compared to pe...
D D Nicholas, J A Wilson, D E Greenley
Identification and inhibitory effect of volatiles from different ages of a Trichoderma aureoviride culture on selected wood decay fungi.
1995 - IRG/WP 95-10110
The ability of a Trichoderma sp. to produce volatile organic compounds (VOCs) over a four week period of growth was examined and the inhibitory effect of these volatiles against four selected basidiomycetes over the same period was assessed. After trapping, on tubes filled with chromatography packing material, VOCs were analysed on an integrated automated thermal desorbtion mass spectrometer syste...
A Bruce, A Kundzewicz, R E Wheatley
Use of the enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA) and immunocytochemistry to detect soft rot in preservative treated and untreated wood
1990 - IRG/WP 2347
A polyclonal antibody was raised against mycelial extracts from the soft rot fungus Phialophora mutabilis. In ELISA assays, the antibody showed strong reactions with its own antigen and strong to moderate cross reactions with 6 other Phialophora soft rot species. With the exception of Ceratocystis albida, the antibody gave only weak or negative reactions with 11 other mold, blue stain and rot fung...
G F Daniel, T Nilsson
Evaluation of extractives from African Padauk (Pterocarpus soyauxii Taub.) for protection of non decay resistant species
2002 - IRG/WP 02-10419
The development of a wood preservative made up of natural extracts is a potentially attractive prospect for the wood preservation industry. In this study, organic solvents were used to remove extractives from African padauk wood samples. The solvent was removed by rotoevaporation, and the total content of the viscous extracts determined to be 54.4mg/ml.
The toxicity of various extracts concentrat...
P Nzokou, D P Kamdem
Acoustic technique for assessing decay in preservative treated wood
1998 - IRG/WP 98-20138
This study investigated the suitability of vibration techniques to assess the performance of wood preservatives in ground contact. Small stakes (10 x 5 x 100 mm3) of treated and untreated Scots pine sapwood were exposed to decay in lab-scale terrestrial ecosystems. Tests were conducted using three different soils including a garden compost soil, and soils obtained from a test field and a conifer f...
L Machek, M-L Edlund, R Sierra-Alvarez, H Millitz
Influence of the nature of the substrate and the method of inoculation on the degradative activity of soft rot fungi
1998 - IRG/WP 98-20133
The European Standard (ENV-807) determines the threshold of effectiveness of wood preservatives against the action of soft rot Ascomycetes fungi. Its application in the treatment of wood used in the hazard class 4 does not always offer repeatable results, which could be expected in an experimental norm.
For this reason, in this paper, we have evaluated the diverse variables that might influence t...
M T De Troya, A M Navarrete, F Rubio, J Jiménez, D Muñoz-Mingarro, C Rodríguez-Borrajo, F Llinares, M Yuste
The resistance of wood coated with different water-borne paints against colonisation by decay fungi
1996 - IRG/WP 96-10165
The susceptibility of wood painted with model paints of known composition to decay fungi was tested without previous weathering. Included in the study were five alkyd emulsion paints and five acrylic paints; one linseed oil paint and two solvent-borne alkyd paints. It was found that several components influenced the susceptibility of these paints. The results of the present study indicate that the...
J Bjurman
Efficacy of a novel copper-based organic solvent preservative in laboratory and fungus cellar tests
1995 - IRG/WP 95-30071
The efficacy of Chemicca 4, a novel copper-based organic solvent preservative, was compared with that of other LOSP in pure culture laboratory decay tests and with that of CCA and TBTO in a fungus cellar exposure. It was markedly superior to copper and zinc naphthenates at equivalent metal retentions in laboratory decay tests, and similar in activity to TBTO. After 60 months' fungus cella...
M E Hedley, P N Maynard
A physiological role of the glyoxylate and TCA cycles in fruitbody formation of the coppertolerant brown-rot fungus Fomitopsis palustris
2002 - IRG/WP 02-10430
Changes in activity of the representative enzymes involved in biosynthesis of oxalic acid (oxalate) and carbon metabolism of glucose were investigated in relation to the fruit body formation of the copper-tolerant brown-rot fungus Fomitopsis palustris. Changes in specific activities of the two glyoxylate (GLOX) cycle key enzymes (isocitrate lyase (ICL) and malate synthase (MS)), the two oxalate-fo...
Jeong-Jun Yoon, T Hattori, M Shimada
The role of oxalic acid in short fiber formation by the brown-rot fungus Postia placenta
1993 - IRG/WP 93-10028
The mechanism by which brown-rot fungi depolymerize wood and cellulose remains a perplexing problem. Current evidence favors oxidation by low-molecular weight, non-enzymatic fungal metabolites. During attack of cotton cellulose by Postia placenta MAD-698, the degree of polymerization (DP) decreases to limit of degree of polymerization (LODP) over a period of 5-6 weeks with relatively low weight lo...
F Green III, J M Hackney, C A Clausen, M J Larsen, T L Highley