Your search resulted in 622 documents. Displaying 25 entries per page.
Development of a Weatherometer to Accelerate the Surface Checking of Wood
2008 - IRG/WP 08-20388
There is significant interest in developing preservatives that are better at preventing wood from checking. Currently, however, there is no accepted test methodology for accelerating the development of checks in wood samples so information on the effectiveness of treatments at restricting checking can be obtained more quickly. This paper describes the development of a new type of weatherometer (Ac...
R Ratu, P D Evans
Depletion and Redistribution of Boron in Bundles of Commercially Treated Lumber Exposed to Artificial and Natural Rainfall
2008 - IRG/WP 08-30474
The depletion and redistribution of boron from stacks of Southern Yellow Pine lumber pressure treated with disodium octaborate tetrahydrate (DOT) and exposed to artificial and natural rainfall was examined. When the lumber was exposed to periodic simulated rainfall, 5.7-8.1% of the measured boron present leached from the lumber after exposure to over 300 mm of rainfall. In tests which exposed bo...
M E Mankowski, M J Manning
Treatment of Selected Lesser Used Timber Species against Subterranean Termites using Heartwood Extracts from Teak (Tectona grandis) and Dahoma (Piptadeniastrum africanum)
2008 - IRG/WP 08-30476
Lesser used timber species represent a valuable material for all-purpose uses. However, most of them are not durable. They are, for effective utilization, often treated with all manner of toxic synthetic substances to enhance their natural durability, especially in the tropics where conditions favour their deterioration. Most of these toxic synthetic substances often pose a threat to the environme...
A Asamoah, C Antwi-Boasiako, K Frimpong-Mensah
The effect of gamma radiation on selected wood properties
2008 - IRG/WP 08-40394
As an easy, fast, and effective sterilisation method, gamma irradiation changes molecular structures not only in pest’s living cells, but also in wooden cell walls. Radiation-induced depolymerisation causes significant changes in some properties of wood crucial for restoration and for laboratory testing of wood-preservative effectiveness. The influence of gamma radiation concerning total amount ...
R Despot, M Hasan, A O Rapp, C Brischke, C R Welzbacher
Feasibility study on three furfurylated non-durable tropical wood species evaluated for resistance to brown, white and soft rot fungi
2008 - IRG/WP 08-40395
Furfurylation can protect non-durable wood species against biological degradation, but the method used today cannot fully protect the heartwood of Scots pine due to insufficient penetration. In order to test alternative wood substrates for furfurylation, three Malaysian grown wood species (Kelempayan, Rubberwood and Sena) were furfurylated and subjected to soil block decay testing. Their performan...
T Mark Venås, A H H Wong
Preliminary investigation of biological resistance, water absorption and swelling of thermally compressed pine wood panels
2008 - IRG/WP 08-40396
Wood can be modified by compressive, thermal and chemical treatments. Compression of wood under thermal conditions is resulted in densification of wood. This study evaluated decay and termite resistance of thermally compressed pine wood panels at either 5 or 7 MPa and at either 120 or 150?C for one hour. The process caused increases in density and decreases in thickness of the panels; however, lab...
Ö Ünsal, S N Kartal, Z Candan, R Arango, C A Clausen, F Green III
The susceptibility of hardwood plywood to white rot
2008 - IRG/WP 08-40397
The subject of the tests was resistance of veneer hardwood plywood to activity of pure culture of white rot fungus Trametes versicolor. The tested plywood was made with the use of the following glues: urea-formaldehyde (UF), melamine-urea-formaldehyde (MUF) or phenol-formaldehyde (FF). 4, 12 and 15 mm thick plywood was tested. External veneer of the plywood was mostly alder and the inner veneer (c...
A Fojutowski, A Kropacz
Resistance against basidiomycetes of 1,3-dimethylol-4,5-dihydroxy ethylene urea (DMDHEU)-modified plywood of Pinus sylvestris
2008 - IRG/WP 08-40398
Plywood produced with rotary-cut veneers of Pinus sylvestris impregnated with a solution of 1.3 M 1.3-dimethylol-4.5-dihydroxyethyleneurea (DMDHEU) and glued with a phenolic resin (Prefere 4976 DYNEA) were inoculated with Coniophora puteana, Coriolus versicolor and Pleurotus ostreatus, following the European standard ENV 12038. The specimens were leached following European standard EN 84. The re...
A Dieste, A Pfeffer, S Bollmus, H Militz
Termite resistance of DMDHEU-treated wood
2008 - IRG/WP 08-40401
Chemical wood modification with dimethyloldihydroxy-ethyleneurea (DMDHEU) or its derivatives are applicable to both solid lumber and wood-based composites. Advantages of DMDHEU-based modification are an increase of dimensional stability and high durability against white, brown and soft rot fungi. At higher chemical loadings, the hardness of the wood is considerably increased. Due to the durabil...
H Militz, S Schaffert, B C Peters, C J Fitzgerald
Effect of CCA and Tanalith E on the performance of surface finishing
2008 - IRG/WP 08-40405
Effect of CCA and Tanalith E treatment on the performance of surface finishing properties was the objectives of this study. Sapwood of scots pine, (Pinus sylvestris L.) and oriental beech (Fagus orientalis Lipsk.) specimens (300 x 100 x 15 mm along the grain) were impregnated with aqueous solution of CCA 2% and Tanalith E 2%.
Surface roughness, dry film thickness, adhesion strength, gloss measur...
T Ozdemir, A Temiz, I Aydin
The effects of zinc borate treatment of wood strands on some technological properties of oriented strandboard (OSB)
2008 - IRG/WP 08-40419
In this study, influences of zinc borate treatment on some technological properties of oriented strandboard (OSB), from aspen wood (Populus euroamericana cv.) were evaluated. Therefore, a total of nine panels with dimensions of 40 cm by 40 cm by 1.8 cm and with an average target density of 0.65 g/cm3 were manufactured under the laboratory conditions. Experimental panels were manufactured at two di...
A D Çavdar, H Kalaycioglu, G Nemli
Improvement of the Fungal Resistance of Japanese Cedar by the ThermoWood Process
2008 - IRG/WP 08-40422
The effect of the ThermoWood Process on sapwood of the Japanese cedar, Cryptomeria japonica, was investigated. Seven matched specimens were cut from a sapwood board of Japanese cedar and subjected to thermal treatments according to the ThermoWood Process.
The decay resistance and chemical and physical properties of the treated specimens and untreated specimen were investigated. The decay test wa...
I Momohara, T Morita, S Shouho, A Yamaguchi
Material properties of acetylated beech plywood
2008 - IRG/WP 08-40425
The effect of acetylation process on dimensional stability and mechanical properties of plywood made by Oriental beech layers (Fagus orientalis Lipsky) were studied. The layers cut into sizes of 200×200×2 mm and acetylated in 120°C for 30 and 60 min.
Thickness swelling (TS%), water absorption (WA%) and anti-swelling¬ efficiency (ASE%) of specimens were measured. Mechanical properties (MOE, MO...
A Talaei
The Effects of Solar Radiation on the Fungal Colonization and Color of Weathered Wood
2008 - IRG/WP 08-10676
Solar radiation rapidly depolymerizes lignin at wood surfaces exposed outdoors producing a suite of low molecular weight aromatic compounds within weathered wood. Fungi colonizing weathered wood are able to metabolize these aromatic compounds, and many of them also contain high levels of melanin to protect themselves from the harmful effects of UV radiation. Both of these adaptations suggest that ...
V Hernandez, C Breuil, P D Evans
Effectos de la intemperización artificial sobre la madera de mezquite (Prosopis laevigata)
2008 - IRG/WP 08-40430
The effects of artificial weathering on Prosopis laevigata wood were studied on eight replicates (150 x 72 x 15mm (l x t x r)) free of knots, cracks and resin. The samples were exposed tangentially to UV light and to water spray during three cycles (1 cycle corresponded 1 week of artificial weathering). The conditioning time between each cycle was thirty days. The effects were measured according t...
A Carrillo-Parra, F Hapla, C Mai
Improving the Dimensional Stability and Fire Resistance of OSB by Roller-Coating Panels with UV-Curable Finishes
2008 - IRG/WP 08-40434
Oriented strandboard was sanded and roller-coated with UV-cured finishes. The effects of these treatments on the surface roughness, dimensional stability and fire resistance of OSB were assessed. Sanding reduced the average roughness of OSB, but it had a smaller effect on maximum roughness because sanded boards still contained surface voids between some strands. Sanded boards absorbed less than ha...
P D Evans, I Cullis
Termite resistance of pure and mixed heartwood-sapwood Cypress (Cupressus sempervirens L.) plywoods
2009 - IRG/WP 09-10693
The main objective of this research was to evaluate the ability of different plywoods made of durable heartwood and/or non-durable sapwood to resist termite damage. The well-known durable cypress (Cupressus sempervirens) was chosen for this study. The natural durability of cypress solid wood, divided into sapwood and heartwood, as well as the durability of 17 different laboratory manufactured plyw...
F Faraji, M-F Thévenon, B Thibaut
Wood characterization of Tetraclinas articulata and evaluation of its resistance against lignilolytic fungi
2009 - IRG/WP 09-10697
Coniferous trees of the Tetraclinis articulata known under the Common name thuja from Berberie, is an endemic species from North Africa. The solid wood is much appreciated for its natural beauty and homogeneity and its quality for marquetry and furniture. The aim is to improve Tetraclinis articulate uses. At present, its wood is widely underestimated and sub-used compared to its announced qualitie...
F El Bouhtoury-Charrier, A Hakam, A Famiri, M Ziani, B Charrier
Impact of decay and blue stain causing fungi on the structural integrity of wood
2009 - IRG/WP 09-10699
The potential influence of diverse decay patterns caused by different brown rot provoking basidiomycetes on the structural integrity of wood was investigated. Additionally the potential impact of blue stain on the structural integrity was examined. Therefore decayed Norway spruce (Picea abies Karst.) specimens representing a wide range of mass loss, caused by four different brown-rot fungi and one...
C Brischke, C Welzbacher, T Huckfeldt, F Schuh
Accelerated weathering of nine tropical wood species from Cameroon
2009 - IRG/WP 09-10705
The natural durability of tropical species for building components has been a subject of recent concern and questioning, mainly the resistance to weathering. Weathering resistance of nine tropical species from Cameroon, namely Azobe, Bilinga, Bubinga, Teak, Dousie, Moabi, Musanga, Sipo and Padauk were evaluated using an accelerated weatherometer for 2016 hours. Measurement of moisture fluctuation,...
S Pankras, Jinzhen Cao, D P Kamdem
Use of Confocal Profilometry to Quantify the Weathering of Wood
2009 - IRG/WP 09-20421
The methods that have been used to screen chemicals for their ability to prevent the weathering of wood involve assessing the loss in weight and tensile strength of treated wood veneers or measuring the rate of erosion of exposed and unexposed (masked) wood subjected to weathering. The erosion of wood during natural weathering occurs slowly and long exposure times are required to produce differenc...
Chunling Liu, P Evans
Continuous moisture measurement (CMM) to detect failure of moisture resistance
2009 - IRG/WP 09-20422
A wood coating system will fail to perform properly after a certain time of weathering. From that moment, the substrate is especially prone to fungal attack. Moisture plays a key role on weathering performance, wood protection efficacy and decay susceptibility of wood. Therefore, knowledge of the moisture dynamics of the applied wood protection is of significant importance in the prediction of the...
I De Windt, J Van den Bulcke, J Van Acker
Fungal decay resistance and durability of wood products made from borax-impregnated wood and bonded with corn starch and tannin adhesive
2009 - IRG/WP 09-30494
At present, the production of wood composites mainly relies on the petrochemical-based and formaldehyde-based adhesives such as phenol formaldehyde (PF) resins and urea formaldehyde (UF) resins, which are non-renewable and therefore ultimately limited in supply. This paper concerns the decay resistance of wood products bonded with a new, environment-friendly adhesive derived from abundant and rene...
A Moubarik, A Pizzi, A Allal, F Charrier, B Charrier
Leaching performance, decay and termite resistance of wood treated with boron compounds incorporated with phenol-formaldehyde resin
2009 - IRG/WP 09-30503
A resol-type phenol-formaldehyde (PF) resin was synthesized and designed to penetrate wood incorporated with boron compounds in order to immobilize boron in wood. The leaching performance, decay and termite resistance of treated wood was investigated. Three kinds of boron compounds, that is, boric acid (BA), borax (BX) and disodium octaborate tetrahydrate (DOT), were selected to mix with PF and tw...
Liping Yu, Jinzhen Cao
Resistance to decay fungi of ammonium borate oleate treated wood
2009 - IRG/WP 09-30505
Ammonium borate oleate molecule (ABO) produced from reaction between boric acid, ammonia and oleic acid was tested as wood preservative treatment against brown and white rot fungi according to European standards. This compound was prepared according to a previous study which has proved existence of synthesis reaction and effectiveness against termites (Lyon et al. 2007b). Four solutions of ABO in ...
F Lyon, M-F Thevenon, A Pizzi, J Gril