Your search resulted in 585 documents. Displaying 25 entries per page.
Borates as wood preserving compounds: The status of research in the United States
1989 - IRG/WP 3542
This paper describes the extensive, on-going cooperative research effort among government and university research laboratories and industry to fully evaluate the potential for borates as wood preservatives in the United States. Research is discussed in terms of laboratory evaluations, field testing and mill trials, pilot plant pressure treatment studies, and remedial treatments. Future research pl...
H M Barnes, T L Amburgey, L H Williams, J J Morrell
Microwave modification of Yellow Stringybark (Eucalyptus Muelleriana) posts for impregnation with Copper-Chrom-Arsenic (CCA) preservatives
2000 - IRG/WP 00-40185
Yellow Stringybark posts with diameters ranging from 60-100 mm were microwave conditioned using a 60 kW microwave (MW) generator. A substantial improvement in heartwood penetration of preservatives and relaxation of growth stresses was indicated such that there was no split formation following drying of the posts. High preservative absorption of copper-chrome-arsenic (CCA) was achieved ranging fro...
G Torgovnikov, P Vinden
A review of the efficacy and uses of deltamethrin for wood preservation
1996 - IRG/WP 96-30105
The synthetic pyrethroid deltamethrin, is one of the most active insecticides available for protecting and curing wood from attack by beetles and termites. Freshly felled trees can be protected against bark beetles by spraying to run off with a 0.025% Al solution (K-Otek EC25) with negligible leaching. Alternatively, sawn timber may be dipped in a 0.0125% Al solution for short to medium term prote...
A J Adams, J L Lindars
Performance of water-borne pressure treated fence posts - A practical application of the new Canadian field test data base
1988 - IRG/WP 2305
50 years of test plot data acquisition have been recently set up as a computerized database. The new database which contains information on the service life of a great number of non durable Eastern Canadian wood species treated with various preservatives and many application processes is presented. As an example for its use, a summary of the performance of fence posts treated with waterborne prese...
E E Doyle, R Dubois, J P Hösli
Laser incising of spruce lumber for improved preservative penetration
1991 - IRG/WP 3646
Red spruce heartwood specimens were incised using a range of laser beam power levels and pulse durations. The penetration of CCA through these holes into the wood was monitored after pressure treatment. In addition, green and dried spruce samples were incised using two patterns with incision densities of either 16.1 holes/in² or 21.3 holes/in². Following CCA pressure treatment the samples were t...
B Goodell, F A Kamke, Jing Liu
Preservatives stains as exterior wood finishes
1977 - IRG/WP 389
For many years wood preservatives and paints have been used as the only treatment for exposed wood surfaces. Because of the inherent color of the preservatives, such as creosote, the wood surface was stained as well as protected from attack by micro-organisms. Paints protect surfaces from weathering, but recently, with an increased interest in maintaining the more natural appearance of exterior wo...
D W French
"Refractory" is a relative term. Incised alpine fir is treatable
1991 - IRG/WP 3670
While certain wood species carry a reputation for being 'treatable' this normally refers to the sapwood. For most Canadian species, heartwood penetration is the major determinant of whether treatment meets Canadian, USA and Japanese standards and in this respect alpine fir turns out to be a treatable species. Alpine fir is the fir component of the Western Canadian spruce-pine-fir...
P I Morris
Progress report on "Studies on the effect of salinity on the growth and mortality of teredinids"
1976 - IRG/WP 418
An open flow aquarium was constructed at Forest Products Research Centre in 1972 in order to study the effect of salinity on the growth and mortality of teredinids. To determine the reliability of results obtained during salinity experiments, the growth rate of teredinids in the aquarium were compared with the growth rate of the same species living under natural conditions in the harbour in 1973. ...
S M Rayner
Future insecticidal treatments for wood products
1980 - IRG/WP 3140
Protective measures involving chemical treatment of wood use only a narrow range of toxic materials which are divisible into two groups, (i) those that are water-soluble, (ii) those that are soluble only in organic solvents. It is generally true to say that, as far as protection against insects is concerned, the former are stomach poisons while the latter are largely (though not exclusively) conta...
D J Cross
Method to determine the depth of penetration of the biologically active components of wood preservatives
1978 - IRG/WP 2108
A time-saving method for determining the depth of penetration of the biologically active components of wood preservatives is described. The test specimens were obtained by cutting thin slices from the wood either parallel or perpendicular to the treated surface. The slices were then exposed to fungal attack. A good correlation was found between the test results obtained by the modified German Stan...
H-P Sutter
Evaluation of the permeability of fast grown wood species
1995 - IRG/WP 95-40042
The low natural durability of certain species of wood, implies the need for applying a protecting treatment to increase its life in service. Because of this, a knowledge of the permeability properties of the wood is desired. In this work, a simple and reliable method to evaluate the wood permeability is presented. For that, we have been used fast grown species, with low natural durability, Poplar ...
M T De Troya, A M Navarrete, E Sanchez, J E Garcia de los Rios, E L Rodríguez Trobajo
Treatment of wood by diffusion of salts
1976 - IRG/WP 368
A brief survey is given on the treatment of wood by diffusion of salts. The compounds used for this process, mainly boron and fluorine compounds, are mentioned and the factors influencing diffusion described. The main pre-condition is a high moisture content of the wood of above 40%. Fields of application are fresh roundwood, remedial treatment of poles and sleepers, preservation of posts and espe...
G Becker
The association of bacteria with the increased permeability of water-stored spruce wood
1973 - IRG/WP 325
A microbiological investigation was undertaken to check our earlier work on patterns of bacterial counts and pH changes in water-stored wood. A survey of industrial activity was conducted upstream from the storage site with a view to explaining the existing bacterial flora. Further experiments were carried out with spruce bolts in enclosed tanks, using lake water with its natural bacterial flora a...
J A Dunleavy, J P Moroney, S E Rossell
Distribution of boron from fused borate rods in Douglas-fir transmission poles
1996 - IRG/WP 96-30112
The diffusion of boron from fused borate rods (disodium octaborate tetrachydrate) was monitored over 42 months in CCA-treated Douglas-fir transmission poles. The boric acid equivalent was estimated by the curcumin/salicylic acid color test on increment cores removed from the poles. Moisture content of the poles was quite variable but was always above 20 percent. The percent of increment core lengt...
T L Highley, F Green III, W F Finney
Microdistribution of water-borne preservatives in blue gum treated by full-cell process
1990 - IRG/WP 3617
The present work deals with the study of the microdistribution of copper, chrome and arsenic elements in Eucalyptus globulus Labill. sapwood, treated with a CCA water-borne preservative by full-cell process, with the help of scanning electron microscopy together with energy dispersion X-ray analysis technique. The work shows that the retention of CCA elements is high in vessels and vasicentric par...
D De Sousa Castro Reimão, J M Palacios
Multiple-Phase Pressure (MPP) Process: One-stage CCA treatment and accelerated fixation process. 4. MPP compared with other processes for achieving acceptable treatment of radiata pine heartwood
1998 - IRG/WP 98-40115
Although radiata pine sapwood is very amenable to preservative treatment, it is often difficult to achieve the required standard for heartwood treatment.
A preliminary investigation showed that to achieve the NZ Timber Preservation Council minimum penetration requirements for radiata pine heartwood using the Multiple-Phase Pressure (MPP) Process, a hydraulic pressure of at least 1250 kPa for 20 m...
K Nasheri, J A Drysdale, G Durbin, M E Hedley
Laboratory evaluation of water repellents as antisapstain treatment additives
1986 - IRG/WP 3382
Water repellent formulations consisting of five paraffin wax emulsions, three polyethylene wax emulsions, two polybutadiene resin emulsions, a polyester emulsion, and a ß-pinene polymer emulsion were subjected to water repellency tests on radiata pine sapwood. With one exception, the parafin wax emulsions were more effective water repellents than the alternative formulations and one of the paraff...
D V Plackett, C M Chittenden
Creosote immersion treatments of fence-posts of different pines
1986 - IRG/WP 3386
This paper describes the preservation with creosote by immersion of fence-post of Pinus sylvestris, Pinus pinea and Pinus radiata. Taking into account the rural use of the fence-post, an easy method available in the field to the agriculturalists. A regressions analysis has been carried out, dealing with the absorption, retentions and penetrations shown after 1, 3 and 7 days of treatment. The great...
C De Arana Moncada
Influence of water-borne preservatives on water repellency and the impact of addition of water repellent additives
1992 - IRG/WP 92-3704
The primary goal of a desirable wood preservative system is to effectively control decay fungi and other biodeteriogens in service. The water repellent nature of a given system may play an important role in the protection of wood. In this study, the water repellency of several water-borne preservative systems has been evaluated by measurements of tangential swelling during immersion. The systems i...
L Jin, D M Roberts, A F Preston
The development of a new boron-based wood preservative
1995 - IRG/WP 95-30085
The paper describes a new boron based wood preservative for the treatment of green timber. The product offers many benefits over conventional boron diffusion treatment including: 1. high viscosity, high concentration formulation; 2. permits dip treatment of a wide range of sawn board and pole sizes at ambient temperatures; 3. permits full cross section diffusion of borates without block stacking a...
P Turner, D Conradie
Feeding response of field populations of Coptotermes species to softwood blocks treated with non-toxic water-proofing and anti-microbial products.
2003 - IRG/WP 03-10487
The feeding response of field populations of the subterranean termite, Coptotermes lacteus, to Pinus radiata wood blocks (50 x 40 x40 mm) treated with various combinations of non-toxic and odourless water-proofing materials based on natural high molecular weight esters (TimberTreatÒ) and a new water insoluble quaternary ammonium compound (‘anti-microbial’) is described. Treated wood blocks we...
J R J French, T Pynsent, M Susic
A technique for determining the efficacy of water diffusible preservative plugs for implanting in joinery in service
1987 - IRG/WP 2291
A technique is described for determining the efficacy of soluble, diffusible preservative plugs for eradicating decay in joinery. It uses blocks of Scots pine sapwood or heartwood adjusted to known moisture contents prior to the establishment of the test fungus Coniophora puteana, from a single longitudinal dowel and the subsequent introduction of the preservative plugs. Prevention of decay, eradi...
J K Carey, A F Bravery
The degradation of wood surfaces by dilute acids
1985 - IRG/WP 3326
Thin radial/longitudinal sections(~100 µ) of Corsican Pine (Pinus nigra) and Lime (Tilia vulgaris), were exposed to Sulphuric, Sulphurous, nitric, acetic, and formic acid at 40°C in the pH range 2-6. After about 3 months exposure to Sulphuric, nitric, acetic and formic acid at pH 2.0 Pine lost some 20-25% of its tensile strength. Losses in tensile strength due to sulphurous acid were greater bei...
P D Evans, W B Banks
Protection of cellulose string with biocide/water repellent mixtures
1997 - IRG/WP 97-30148
Protecting cellulosic materials in soil contact poses a formidable challenge. Many soil inhabiting bacteria and fungi that cannot degrade wood can nevertheless rapidly depolymerize cellulose once its protective lignin matrix is removed. As a result, cellulose based materials are rarely used in direct contact with soil. One exception, however, is the use of cellulose string to support climbing vine...
A B Chang, J J Morrell
Wood protecting chemicals for the 21st century
1993 - IRG/WP 93-30018
After assessing the past research with protection chemicals, this paper proposes future avenues for research and development in wood protection. Three scenarios are put forward for consideration. First, more is not better and future systems will emphasize combination formulations which enhance properties while providing biological efficacy. Second, current systems, especially those based on copper...
H M Barnes