Your search resulted in 743 documents. Displaying 25 entries per page.
Untreated and copper-treated wood soaked in sodium oxalate: Effects of decay by copper-tolerant and copper-sensitive fungi
2017 - IRG/WP 17-10888
Copper is widely used as the primary component in wood protectants because it demonstrates a broad range of biocidal properties. However, a key concern with using copper in wood preservative formulations is the possibility for brown-rot basidiomycetes to resist the toxic effect. Many brown-rot basidiomycetes have evolved mechanisms, like the production and accumulation of oxalate, which helps thes...
K M Ohno, G T Kirker, A B Bishell, C A Clausen
Monitoring of wood biodeterioration by infrared spectroscopy
2017 - IRG/WP 17-20607
The susceptibility of wood to deterioration by rotting fungi is intrinsically related to its chemical composition and the environmental conditions at its place of use, and if not detected in time, can cause enormous financial losses. The process of wood biodeterioration by decay fungi can be evaluated through laboratory accelerated test, in specific field tests, or through non-destructive techniqu...
E Meneses Oliveira, A Florian da Costa, J W Batista Braga
Bio-deterioration of Southern Pine Stakes at Geographically Different Testing Sites
2017 - IRG/WP 17-20609
Southern pine (SP) sapwood is commonly used in preparing the standardized stakes for performance testing as referenced in the American Wood Protection Association (AWPA) Book of Standards. For example, the standardized above ground test methods E16/E18 and the standardized ground contact test method E7 all use sapwood of SP as the preferred wood species for preservative performance test. In this...
Jun Zhang, J Horton
Monitoring Diversity and Colonization Patterns of Wood-Inhabiting Fungi Using Field Stake Tests
2017 - IRG/WP 17-20614
Advances in molecular identification of microbial communities enabling rapid microorganism determination have allowed ecological data to be increasingly incorporated into standardized wood performance tests. Combining standard field tests with molecular methods to study wood-associated microflora can help to better understand fungal colonization and decay processes of wood in service. The potentia...
P Torres-Andrade, J Cappellazzi, J J Morrell
Activity of Two Strobilurin Fungicides Against Three Species of Decay Fungi in Agar Plate Tests
2017 - IRG/WP 17-30704
The objective of this study was to examine the toxicity of strobilurin fungicides against wood decay fungi in order to assess their potential to act as a co-biocide for copper-based wood protection. Two strobilurin fungicides, Heritage (50% azoxystrobin active ingredient) and Insignia (20% pyraclostrobin active ingredients), and copper sulfate pentahydrate were tested against one white rot fungus...
J D Tang, T Ciaramitaro, M Tomaso-Peterson, S V Diehl
The Protective Effect of Different Tree Bark Extractives against Decay Fungi
2017 - IRG/WP 17-30707
There are various modification methods which increase the resistance of wooden materials. Due to recent environmental regulations, there is a need for new and environmentally-friendly wood preservatives. In this study, six different tree bark extractives were evaluated for their wood resistance against fungal degradation. For this purpose, the white rot fungi (Tramates versicolour) and brown rot f...
Ö Özgenç, S Durmaz
Liquefaction of woody waste: A novel approach in wood protection from CNSL based liquefied wood polyols
2017 - IRG/WP 17-30711
Liquefaction of lingo-cellulosic biomass is one of the thermo-chemical conversion processes for developing new materials, adhesives, preservatives and energy systems. The process also provides an opportunity to utilize waste wood such as saw-dust, woody wastes, branches and twigs for the development of value added products. Thus, this research paper deals with an investigation of antifungal and a...
A Kumar, G B.Nagarajappa, S Singh Chauhan
Bio-friendly wood protection systems - resistance to mould and blue-stain fungi
2017 - IRG/WP 17-30713
With stricter restrictions on the use of biocides and increasing environmental awareness there is a pronounced need for effective bio-friendly protection systems in the wood preservative and wood coating industry. One of the possible pathways is to exploit and utilize natural substances with active biological effects. Silanes, caffeine, natural oils and potassium carbonate were chosen as compounds...
L Ross Gobakken, W Perdoch, B Mazela, P Kwaśniewska-Sip, G Cofta
Susceptibility to filamentous fungi of plywood for furniture coated with waterborne acrylic lacquers
2017 - IRG/WP 17-40778
Filamentous fungi (mould), thanks to their little trophic requirements belong to organisms which grow exceptionally easy and fast in favorable hygrothermal conditions and attack both organic and inorganic materials even with only trace amounts of organic substances on the surface. The fungi often cause spoilage of foodstuffs, worsen the aesthetic of wood-based elements, and pose a threat to the en...
A Fojutowski, M Nowaczyk-Organista, P Hochmańska
Agar block durability test of plywood made of neem (Azadiracta indica) leaves treated veneer using two white rot fungi
2017 - IRG/WP 17-40782
This study has been undertaken to investigate the durability of plywood made from non-durable wood (simul, Bombax ceiba) veneer treated by neem (Azadiracta indica, A. Juss.) leaves. The veneers were treated with cold and hot water solution of neem leaves of different concentrations (10%, 5%, 2.5%) and treatment durations (1, 2, 3 days) for cold water and 20, 40 and 60 minutes for hot water. The pl...
K Akhter, M A Hashem, S Akhter
Black-stain Resistant Acrylic Latexes for Wood Coatings Applications
2017 - IRG/WP 17-40786
Translucent coatings on wood in exterior applications often fail due to photodegradation and colonization by black-stain fungi and require frequent refinishing. This limits competitiveness with alternative materials. In this project, it was hypothesized that an effective dispersion of inorganic nanoparticles will provide a translucent coating with long-term resistance to black-stain fungi. Functio...
G Boivin, A M Ritcey, P I Morris, V Landry
Multivariate modeling of mould growth in relation to extractives in dried Scots pine sapwood
2017 - IRG/WP 17-20629
Influence of extractives on mould growth on Scots pine sapwood dried in air or in kiln was studied. Boards were sprayed with water mixtures of spores of the fungal species Penicillium sp., Aspergillus sp., Mucor sp., Paecilomyces sp., Trichoderma sp., treated at a temperature of 22ºC at 90% RH, classified into a percentage of covered area. Acetone and water extracts were isolated and analyzed for...
O Karlsson, O Myronycheva, M Sehlstedt-Persson, M Öhman, D Sandberg
Effects of exposure time on detection of the behavior of white-rot fungi on Oriental beech wood properties
2017 - IRG/WP 17-10902
The comparison of fungal degradation of Orientalis beechwood by two white-rot fungi was evaluated in this study. Biological, mechanical, and chemical assessments of beech wood were carried out at 30 day interval for 120 days. The results demonstrated that both fungi have greater effects on beech wood during each exposure time. However, Trametes versicolor degraded beech wood more effectively than ...
E Bari, D D Nicholas, K M Ohno
Functional silicones used for wood protection: preliminary study
2017 - IRG/WP 17-30720
Due to worldwide regulation the wood preservation domain is constantly changing. Silicones are used for different industrial applications as hydrophobic agents. This property could enable to reduce water uptake of wood treated with these compounds. Treated wood could then be less prone to dimensional variation and fungal attack, those parameters being driven by variations in wood’s moisture cont...
C Reynaud, F Marchal, F Pochon, M Kutnik
Exterior paint for the future - Will there be any dry-film preservatives left?
2017 - IRG/WP 17-50332
Wooden houses have a long tradition in several of the Nordic countries. Wood can be protected in various ways; constructional, chemically and by surface treatment. The use of various types of exterior paints as a surface treatment is a common way to prolong the durability of the wood. To further protect the painted surface against growth of fungi and algae, dry-film biocides remains an essential p...
H Jensen, M Sandve, S M Lystvet
Imports of African logs, do they harbor wood-decaying alien fungi and bacteria that could become a potential threat at temperate latitudes? – First results
2018 - IRG/WP 18-10904
In this project we investigate the potential threat of alien wood-decaying fungal and bacterial species imported to Germany with logs from African countries. In a first approach we analysed fungal species on imported logs by identification of fruit bodies by DNA sequencing of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions ITS1 and ITS2. First results revealed the existence of at least one alien fun...
J Trautner, M Höpken, E Melcher
Liquefied wood polyols: Ecofriendly bio-based preservative for sustainable protection of wood from Termite attack
2018 - IRG/WP 18-10916
The major problems encountered in both indoor and outdoor utilization of wood are biological decay due to termite. The modification of wood with liquefied wood polyols has been found to be effective against termite attack. The liquefaction of wood aims to utilize woody wastes which are being generated during primary and secondary processing of wood in wood based industry. One of promising approach...
A Kumar, A John, T S Mehra, A K Pandey, S Singh Chauhan
Assessment of the durability of a lesser known species (Borassus aethiopum Mart.) against termite and fungi from different ecozones in Nigeria
2018 - IRG/WP 18-10924
Scarcity of choice timber species in Nigeria necessitates research into alternative species. Efficient utilisation of alternative species such as Borassus aethiopum requires adequate understanding of their wood properties and within tree variations. However, information on potential of B. aethiopum as alternative to choice timber has not been adequately documented especially in the area of durabil...
O O Yekin, A R Ojo
Liquefied wood polyols: a bio-based preservative for protection of wood from fungal decay
2018 - IRG/WP 18-30725
The liquefaction of wood is one of promising approaches in utilization of woody waste which is generated during primary and secondary processing of wood and liquefied wood having various application including bio-based preservatives. The biological degradation of wood due to fungi is the major problem encountered in indoor and outdoor utilization of wood. In this study, woody waste recovered from ...
A Kumar, G Vijaylakshmi, S Singh Chauhan
Mechanism of nano metal fluorides against fungi
2018 - IRG/WP 18-30730
Metal fluoride nanoparticles are promising because of their low water solubility, which reduces the need for fixatives required in widely used active ingredient in wood preservatives such as copper and boron. Wood specimens treated with fluoride sols of MgF2 and CaF2 have been tested against brown-rot fungi (Coniophora puteana and Rhodonia placenta) in accordance with EN 113 and against termites (...
S M Usmani, K Klutzny, I Stephan, T Hübert, E Kemnitz
Visual appearance of unpainted wooden claddings during the first year of outdoor exposure: Evaluation of surface mould growth, lightness (L*) and wasp attack
2018 - IRG/WP 18-40841
This study addresses changes in visual appearance of unpainted wood materials exposed outdoors. Specimens of Norway spruce (Picea abies) Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris), aspen (Populus tremula), acetylated Radiata pine (Pinus radiata) and DMDHEU-modified Scots pine sapwood were exposed facing south in Ås, Norway for 60 weeks. During this period, surface mould growth development and wasp attack were...
S Karlsen Lie, L Ross Gobakken, G I Vestøl, O Høibø
Polyesterification of wood using sorbitol and citric acid under aqueous conditions
2018 - IRG/WP 18-40851
The aim of this research is to determine if the polyesterification of sorbitol and citric acid in wood has a future potential as a wood modification process. Pine wood was impregnated with an aqueous solution containing citric acid and sorbitol and was thereafter cured at 103, or 140°C for 18 hours. The dimensional stability and leaching resistance were studied for both modification temperatures....
E Larnøy, A Karaca, L R Gobakken, C A S Hill
The biodegradation of creosote oil by various species of white rot fungi and bacteria isolated from the contaminated soil
2018 - IRG/WP 18-50334
The aim of the study was to determine biodegradation effectiveness of the selected polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) contained in creosote oil, by two white rot fungal species (Bjerkandera adusta and Irpex lacteus) and three bacterial species (Pseudomonas putida, Pseudomonas sp. OS4 and Rahnella aquatilis). Bacteria were isolated from the soil contaminated with petroleum hydrocarbons from th...
M Sydow, J Zabielska-Matejuk, E Kaczorek, AStangierska, A Kropacz
Biodiversity of wood-decaying fungi in French Guiana sequences of the small subunit (SSU) of ribosomal (r) DNA and the two primer pairs SR6/SR10R and SR7/SR1R
2019 - IRG/WP 19-10936
Fungi from tropical regions are currently under-represented in the classification system. Indeed, difficult access to tropical forests makes it complicated to study fungus species in such environments, unlike in European zones where fungal diversity and taxonomy are much better known. The purposes of this work were: a) to enhance classification by integrating new data that would bring out the impo...
C Zaremski, A Ducousso-Detrez, N Amusant, A Zaremski
Decay and water resistance of Siberian and European larch wood
2019 - IRG/WP 19-10941
The occurrence of larch wood is rather frequent in civil engineering. Namely, in building façades, terraces and balcony fences. In Slovenia and other central European countries, the use of the Siberian larch is especially popular. In this research, the durability against decay fungi in laboratory conditions and water exclusion ability of plantation-grown and naturally grown Siberian larch (Larix ...
B Lesar, D Krzisnik, M Humar