Your search resulted in 964 documents. Displaying 25 entries per page.
After 18 years, preservative dipping and brush treating continue to provide protection to shingles of western wood species
1997 - IRG/WP 97-30156
The presence of residual preservation in dip-treated and brush-treated shingles of various species from the western United States was assessed 18 years after installation using Aspergillus bioassays. The performance of western redcedar (Thuja plicata) was compared to western hemlock (Tsuga heterophylla), sugar pine (Pinus lambertiana) and western larch (Larix occidentalis). Untreated shingles of a...
T C Scheffer, D J Miller, J J Morrell
Protection of freshly felled timber against attack by bark boring insects
1981 - IRG/WP 1143
This report describes two experiments with the insecticide formulation Perigen, which contains the synthetic pyrethroid permethrin. At 0.2% w/v active ingredient individual logs were protected against bark boring beetles for 18 weeks. At 0.3% w/v active ingredients Perigen gave similar protection against insect attack to stacks of recently felled unbarked pine logs. This protection was at least eq...
J Dominik, P R Skidmore
Accelerated testing for out of ground contact using natural biological preconditioning
1996 - IRG/WP 96-20088
Small blocks made of Scots pine sapwood were treated, buried in vermiculite and exposed to natural microbial colonisation during outdoor exposure prior to laboratory decay testing. Periodic microbial isolations, moisture content, permeability and weight loss tests were also conducted. Bacteria and moulds colonised the vermiculite and miniblocks well. Aureobasidium pullulans was common on TnBTO tre...
S Molnar, D J Dickinson, R J Murphy
The role of mechanised harvesters in the dissemination of fungal inoculum into radiata pine logs in New Zealand
2002 - IRG/WP 02-10426
A joint research programme has been initiated between Forest Research, New Zealand and Forintek Canada Corp., Canada, to determine the role of mechanical tree harvesters on disseminating fungal inoculum into logs. Mechanical harvesters cause loosening and removal of bark and also damage the surface of the wood with their feed rollers leaving indentations up to several centimetres deep. Results ...
D O’Callahan, B Kreber, A Uzunovic
Decay potential of various New Zealand Phlebiopsis gigantea strains using a soil block method
1999 - IRG/WP 99-10309
The objective of the current study was to determine the decay potential of different strains of Phlebiopsis gigantea using Pinus radiata and European Fagus sylvatica, respectively. A soil block method was used to determine mass weight loss of P. radiata and F. sylvatica following 10 weeks incubation with different strains of P. gigantea. For comparison, Trametes versicolor, Postia placenta, Gloeop...
B Kreber, J G Van der Waals
Cavitation bacteria
1984 - IRG/WP 1235
A form of bacterial wood degradation is described. The term "cavitation bacteria" has been coined in order to describe the discrete cavities that are formed within the wood cell walls. The bacteria observed within the cavities appeared to be polymorphic with rounded as well as filamentous forms recognised. TEM studies suggest that the bacteria produce diffusable wood-degrading enzymes. Cavitation ...
T Nilsson, A P Singh
"Refractory" is a relative term. Incised alpine fir is treatable
1991 - IRG/WP 3670
While certain wood species carry a reputation for being 'treatable' this normally refers to the sapwood. For most Canadian species, heartwood penetration is the major determinant of whether treatment meets Canadian, USA and Japanese standards and in this respect alpine fir turns out to be a treatable species. Alpine fir is the fir component of the Western Canadian spruce-pine-fir...
P I Morris
Internal pressure development in Douglas fir lumber during pressure treatment
1997 - IRG/WP 97-40091
Preservative treatment of Douglas fir lumber to meet current industry standards poses a major challenge and a variety of methods have been developed to overcome these problems. One aspect for treatment improvement that has received less attention is the relative effect of treatment parameters on changes in pressure within the wood. Previous studies of spruce and radiata pine suggest that internal ...
P F Schneider, J J Morrell
The role of chitinase in bioprotectant activity against staining fungi
1996 - IRG/WP 96-10175
Chitin is an important structural component of the hyphae of many wood staining fungi and its disruption can lead to dramatic declines in their growth. A number of bioprotectants have been shown to produce chitinases in liquid cultures, but the role of these enzymes in bioprotection remains poorly understood. The levels of these enzymes was studied by inoculating ponderosa pine sapwood wafers with...
J Liu, J J Morrell
An unusual soft-rot decay pattern caused by the Ascomycete Hypoxylon mediterraneum (de Not.) J Miller
1984 - IRG/WP 1222
A distinct pattern of soft-rot decay has been observed for the fungus Hypoxylan mediterraneum (de Not.) J. Miller. This fungus also produced decay patterns typical of brown and white rot decay. The production of characteristic cavities by Hypoxylan mediterraneum was prolific in the hardwoods Eucalyptus maculata and Eucalyptus regnans, but infrequent in the softwoods, Pinus elliottii and Pinus radi...
D M Francis, L E Leightley
Fungus cellar and antisapstain field trial studies of six triazole fungicides
1995 - IRG/WP 95-30077
The efficacy of six triazole fungicides was compared using a fungus cellar soil bed test, a rapid antisapstain laboratory trial and a 36 week antisapstain field trial. After 21 months in the fungus cellar the mean soundness of radiata pine treated with 1.5 kg/m³ of cyproconazole, azaconazole, hexaconazole, tebuconazole, propiconazole and flusilazole in combination with 1.0 kg/m³ didecydimethyl a...
R N Wakeling, J G Van der Waals, R D Narayan, J B Foster, B E Patterson, P N Maynard
Evaluation of the permeability of fast grown wood species
1995 - IRG/WP 95-40042
The low natural durability of certain species of wood, implies the need for applying a protecting treatment to increase its life in service. Because of this, a knowledge of the permeability properties of the wood is desired. In this work, a simple and reliable method to evaluate the wood permeability is presented. For that, we have been used fast grown species, with low natural durability, Poplar ...
M T De Troya, A M Navarrete, E Sanchez, J E Garcia de los Rios, E L Rodríguez Trobajo
Limitations of the Pilodyn when assessing decay in graveyard test stakes
1982 - IRG/WP 2168
The following examination was designed to evaluate more precisely the usefulness of the Pilodyn for routine, objective assessments of the condition of field test stakes and to examine its limitations, particularly in respect to: 1.) The importance of variables other than extent of decay which may affect Pilodyn readings; 2.) Practicality of obtaining multiple readings in decayed and non-decayed re...
M E Hedley
Effect of wrapping on movement of chloropicrin, Vapam, and Vanicide TH in southern pine timbers
1987 - IRG/WP 3411
Important fungi that decay wood protucts were "inoculated" into nonpressure-treated southern pine timbers as vapor-sensing agents to evaluate the effect of wrapping on the movement and persistence of fungitoxic concentrations of chloropicrin, Vapam, and Vanicide TH in the timbers. Fumigant movement and persistence in the timbers was enhanced by wrapping the timbers in polyethylene after fumigation...
T L Highley
Deltamethrin effectiveness against subterranean termite attack on wood under natural conditions
1989 - IRG/WP 1407
On fighting subterranean termites on wood, out of ground contact, the synthetic pyrethroid Deltamethrin shows positive aspects such as its efficiency and low mammalian toxicity. To evaluate its performance in conditions very similar to those in service use, specimens of Pinus sp were treated with solutions of Deltamethrin diluted in "white spirits" at 0.005% (w/w) and 0.01% (w/w) and exposed in a ...
P A Zanotto
Field evaluation of anti-sapstain products
1987 - IRG/WP 3402
Product A based on methylenebisthiocyanate, product B based on methylenebisthiocyanate plus 2-thiocyanomethylthio-benzothiazole, product C based on 2-thiocyanomethilthio-benzothiazole and product D based on didecyl dimethil ammonium chloride plus 3-iodo-2 propynil butyl carbarnate were evaluated on Pinus radiata sawn timber as fungicides for sapstain and mould in the Sawmill Division of the Univer...
M C Rose, A Bedoya
FTIR characterization of copper ethanolamine - wood interaction
1999 - IRG/WP 99-20154
The interaction of copper ethanolamine (Cu-EA) and wood components was studied by using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). In Cu-EA treated wood, significant reduction was noticed on the band attributed to carbonyl vibration from carboxylic groups at 1735±5 cm-1 and an increase in band intensity was obtained from carbonyl in carboxylate at 1595±5 cm-1. The same observation was made ...
Jun Zhang, D P Kamdem
Multiple-Phase Pressure (MPP) Process: One-stage CCA treatment and accelerated fixation process. 4. MPP compared with other processes for achieving acceptable treatment of radiata pine heartwood
1998 - IRG/WP 98-40115
Although radiata pine sapwood is very amenable to preservative treatment, it is often difficult to achieve the required standard for heartwood treatment.
A preliminary investigation showed that to achieve the NZ Timber Preservation Council minimum penetration requirements for radiata pine heartwood using the Multiple-Phase Pressure (MPP) Process, a hydraulic pressure of at least 1250 kPa for 20 m...
K Nasheri, J A Drysdale, G Durbin, M E Hedley
Laboratory evaluation of water repellents as antisapstain treatment additives
1986 - IRG/WP 3382
Water repellent formulations consisting of five paraffin wax emulsions, three polyethylene wax emulsions, two polybutadiene resin emulsions, a polyester emulsion, and a ß-pinene polymer emulsion were subjected to water repellency tests on radiata pine sapwood. With one exception, the parafin wax emulsions were more effective water repellents than the alternative formulations and one of the paraff...
D V Plackett, C M Chittenden
Bending strength of heat-treated spruce and pine timber
2002 - IRG/WP 02-40242
Heat-treatment of spruce (Picea abies) and pine (Pinus sylvestris) beams (45 x 145 mm) gave a reduction in bending strength of approximately 50%. The bending stiffness (modulus of elasticity) only decreased by 3.5%. Tests were carried out according to EN 408. Another effect of the heat-treatment was increased variation in bending strength. The 5th percentile value of the bending strength, the so c...
C Bengtsson, J Jermer, F Brem
Surface checking of CCA-treated radiata pine decking timber exposed to natural weathering
2000 - IRG/WP 00-40165
A field trial was established at four locations in Australia to assess the effect of CCA and CCA-wax treatment on the checking (cracking) of radiata pine decking timber exposed to natural weathering. Untreated decking timber and timber that had been pressure treated with water acted as controls. After 1 year's exposure the number and sizes of checks occurring in treated timber and control...
P D Evans, P J Beutel, C F Donnelly, R B Cunningham
Thickened boron treatment
1990 - IRG/WP 3632
Commercial trials with thickened boron preservatives "Diffusol™" indicate a number of advantages when compared to traditional methods of dip-boron preservative treatment. These include: (i) more even uptake and distribution of preservative on and within the timber; (ii) faster diffusion times; (iii) the treatment of gauged timber (though improved retention); (iv) saving in energy costs (heating ...
P Vinden, J A Drysdale, M Spence
Solution stability and Mechanical properties of Chitosan treated Pine
2005 - IRG/WP 05-30377
During the last years the research on chitosan as a wood preservative has been enhanced. Up to now, most of the research has been applied to the anti-fungal properties of chitosan, and no research was conducted on the solution stability of chitosan solutions in repeated trials by impregnation of wood, or on the mechanical properties of chitosan-treated wood. In this paper, the stability of high- a...
E Larnøy, M Eikenes, H Militz
Microbial ecology of treated lap-joints exposed at Hilo, Hawaii for 12 months
1996 - IRG/WP 96-20089
Lap-joints made from Southern yellow pine treated with ACQ, DDAC or Propiconazole were exposed and sampled over 12 months. TnBTO treated Lap-joints were later exposed as a standard treatment. The moisture content of the joint area remained at 23% to 28%, but, away from the joint, varied between 20% to over 30%. Untreated samples had higher moisture contents and there was little difference between ...
S Molnar, D J Dickinson, R J Murphy
A technique for measuring preservative loss or redistribution during leaching
1983 - IRG/WP 2199
Radiata pine sapwood stakes were treated with benzalkonium chloride (AAC) or copper-chrome-arsenate (CCA). After fixation and drying the outer 2 mm and 2-4 mm layers were removed from one radial longitudinal face. The planed face was coated with a waterproof coating and AAC-treated stakes were leached for 6, 12 or 18 weeks; 12 weeks for the CCA-treated stakes. After airdrying three 2 mm layers (0-...
J A Drysdale