Your search resulted in 1740 documents. Displaying 25 entries per page.
Differences and their causes of CCA and CCB efficacay among some softwoods and hardwoods
1991 - IRG/WP 3656
Wood blocks from two softwoods and two tropical hardwoods species treated with different concentrations of CCA, CCB, and combinations of CrO3, CuS04, H3BO3 were subjected to the decay by brown rot fungus, Tyromyces palustris. CCA maintained good effect both in softwoods and hardwoods, while CCB and the other combinations lost their effectiveness after leaching. Chemicals leached from CCA treated w...
K Yamamoto, M Rokova
Preservation of wood composites with zinc borate
1995 - IRG/WP 95-30074
Inorganic borates such as boric acid, borax, disodium octaborate tetrahydrate, and zinc borate can be incorporated into wood composites such as waferboard to impart decay and insect resistance to the final product. Zinc borate is especially well suited for this application due to its efficacy and leach resistance. The paper summarizes the work performed to date in this area. The effects on strengt...
P E Laks, M J Manning
Chemical and biological investigations of double-vacuum treated windows after 5 years in service
1983 - IRG/WP 3219
In 1980 The Swedish Wood Preservation Institute initiated an investigation to study the degradation of TBTO and possible fungal attack in double-vacuum treated window joinery in service during 5 years. A hospital in Gothenburg was chosen that was built during 1969 to 1976. Both untreated and double-vacuum treated windows of Pinus sylvestris were used. A brown alkyl oil type paint (Nordsjö system ...
J Jermer, M-L Edlund, B Henningsson, W Hintze, S V Ohlsson
Preliminary results from the field experiment to determine the performance of preservative treated hardwoods with particular reference to soft rot. The four reference timber
1980 - IRG/WP 3164
The results given in the Tables 1-4 each refer to one of the four reference species treated with four solution concentrations of CCA as recorded from each test site. The species are: Alstonia scholaris, Betula pendula, Fagus sylvatica, Pinus sylvestris. The treatments were: Untreated, 0.66% CCA, 1.53% CCA, 3.01% CCA, 5.60% CCA. Each figure is an average of the ratings recorded for each replicate o...
J F Levy, D J Dickinson
Performance of Oriented Strandboard, Medium Density Fiberboard, Plywood, and Particleboard Treated with Tebuconazole in Supercritical Carbon Dioxide
2005 - IRG/WP 05-30364
The performance of oriented strandboard (OSB), medium density fiberboard (MDF), particleboard and plywood treated with tebuconazole using supercritical carbon dioxide was investigated over a 48 month exposure under harsh above ground conditions in Hilo, Hawaii. Samples treated to low retentions (<0.20 kg/m3) tended to experience decay at rates that were only slightly lower than those found wit...
J J Morrell, M N Acda, A R Zahora
Termite likes steamed larch wood
1995 - IRG/WP 95-10113
Steamed wood of Japanese larch (Larix leptolepis (Sieb. et Zucc.) Gord.) was preferably attacked by termites. Steam treatments have often been applied to Japanese larch wood for improving its penetrability or color. For preventing termite attack on steamed timber, we have to elucidate why termite likes it. Choice tests with Coptotermes formosanus Shiraki were conducted using larch boards steamed f...
S Doi, M Kubota, M Takahashi, T Yoshimura, A Adachi
Performance of Borate-Treated Wood Against Reticulitermes flavipes in Above-Ground Protected Conditions
2003 - IRG/WP 03-30309
Termites cause economically significant damage in Canada only in a few localized areas. However, one of those is in Canada’s largest city, Toronto, Ontario. In 1996, a test was set up of borate-treated lumber above ground, protected from rain but exposed to subterranean termites (Reticulitermes flavipes) in Kincardine Ontario. The material included western hemlock and amabilis fir lumber trea...
P I Morris, J K Grace, K Tsunoda, A Byrne
An aquaria test of the natural resistance against marine borers of some commercial timbers available in Australia
1996 - IRG/WP 96-10145
The natural resistance of the heartwood of 22 different timbers grown or commercially available in Australia was examined. Radiata pine sapwood both untreated, and treated with 5.4 kg/m³ CCA salt, was included for comparison. Small timber blocks were exposed for one year in tanks containing either Limnoria tripunctata or Lyrodus pedicellatus. Four softwood species tested were heavily attacked and...
L J Cookson
Hardwood Field Experiment: Progress Report 1977-1986
1986 - IRG/WP 3391
The international hardwood field experiment was planned in l976 and set up in same 30 different sites around the world. The test stakes include 4 reference species common to each site and in most cases at least 2 species of local importance. It was hoped that a picture of performance of a range of economically important species would be built up and at the same time provide vital background inform...
D J Dickinson, S M Gray
The new method of detecting decay in poles
1984 - IRG/WP 2229
In 1982 the Swedish Telecoms Administration in corporation with the Swedish Dog Training Centre started to investigate the possibility of using dogs for detecting decay in poles. At present two German Sheppheards and two Labrador Retrievers are in operation and the results have up to now well fulfilled our expectations. The following results have been obtained: 1.) The dogs can with high reliabili...
A Ammer, B Svedberg
Leaching from field test stakes. Part 2: The distribution in and leaching from different parts of test stakes
1994 - IRG/WP 94-50026
Field test stakes treated with Boliden K33 (copper, chromium and arsenic) and Cuprinol Tryck (CT86) (copper and N-alkylbenzyldimethylammoniumchloride) respectively were exposed in ground contact at two different test fields in Sweden and rejected due to decay after 2 to 28 years. Stakes treated with the same preservatives were also exposed during 7 years above ground. The test stakes have been ana...
F G Evans, B Nossen, M-L Edlund
Restrictions on the use of chlorosilanes as potential wood preservatives
1985 - IRG/WP 3345
The biological protection of wood by chemical modification with different types of chlorosilanes has been investigated. The impregnation of wood has been carried out by means of liquid phase and vapor phase treatments using pure silane and silane-solvent systems. The biological efficacy against wood rotting fungi, molds and staining fungi was determined in a number of screening trials, subsequentl...
M Stevens
Immunolocalization of extracellular metabolites from Poria placenta
1988 - IRG/WP 1361
Polyclonal antisera produced to Poria placenta extracellular metabolites was used in immuno-fluoresence microscopy and immuno-gold TEM studies. In the fluorescence work, labelling of Poria placenta hyphae in wet fixed wood material was observed but not in infected wood which was oven dried prior to sectioning and immunolabelling. TEM studies provided better resolution, with gold labelling detected...
B Goodell, G F Daniel, J Jellison, T Nilsson
The content and mobility of copper, chromium and arsenic in the soil of a wood preserving plant using CCA
1998 - IRG/WP 98-50122
Analyses were carried out on soil and water samples obtained from a wood preserving plant using CCA-type preservatives. The plant has been in operation since 1969. The soil samples were obtained on 8 points from 4 different depths. The estimation of the type of soil was followed by investigations of copper, chromium and arsenic contents, and the mobility of these elements. The soil samples were al...
N Erdin, S N Kartal, A Dilek Dogu, M O Engür
Remediation of wood treatment sites in Finland
1999 - IRG/WP 99-50139
Finnish legislation in connection with soil contamination are firstly waste management legislation and secondly public health legislation and water legislation. There is no separate legislation concerning soil protection or remediation. The Ministry of the Environment has published a proposal for official contaminant guideline values to be used both as criteria for contamination and clean-up targe...
S Salonen
The effect of added nutrients on growth rate and decay capacity of Serpula lacrymans
1990 - IRG/WP 1427
At the previous meeting a new technique was presented that enables both fungal growth rate and wood decay rate to be measured using the same timber specimen. The technique (IRG/WP/1384) has previously been carried out with 1% malt as the sole nutrient within the small jar that provides the inoculum for this method. Results presented here relate to an additional level of 5% malt, with or without a ...
J D Thornton, A McConalogue
EPR observation of Mn(II) in decayed wood
2002 - IRG/WP 02-10443
Preliminary Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) studies of copper/chromium (CC) treated spruce wood, subjected to laboratory soil decay test showed increased intensities of Mn(II) EPR signal in partially decayed specimens. Several reasons might be responsible for this phenomenon: Mn(II) could originate from the wood after being released from the typical ligand binding, from reduction of other Mn...
M Petric, M Humar, P Kalan, F Pohleven, U Schoknecht, M Šentjurc
Enzymatic study of Ceratocystis sp., blue-stain fungi on Pinus nigra
1999 - IRG/WP 99-10315
One of the main problems that the forest exploitation industry has with Pinus nigra wood is the blue-stain fungi, whose causing agent is unknown. Therefore, the objective of this work has been to study, through enzymatic tests of the isolated cultures, if these fungi infect Pinus nigra in any specific way. After the incubations, isolates of Ceratocystis were obtained. These were cultured in a sali...
M T De Troya, F Rubio, D Muñoz-Mingarro, F Llinares, C Rodríguez-Borrajo, M Yuste, M J Pozuelo, J I Fernández-Golfín
A case for ecosystem-level experimentation - A discussion paper
1986 - IRG/WP 1296
Although laboratory bioassays provide a first step in testing for potential termiticides and assist in formulating recommendations of these chemicals for regulatory agencies and users, they are not designed for predicting effects on natural populations (including humans) and on ecosystem-level features. To overcome this we need microcosm studies, carefully controlled experimental manipulations of ...
J R J French
Field study: Wood degradation pattern in buildings and utility poles in tropical climates of Nigeria
1992 - IRG/WP 92-1521
The paper is the result of five years field study of wood degradation patterns in three ecological forest zones (Guinea Savannah, Tropical rain forest and mangrove forest zones, respectively). It involved 800 residential buildings and 700 electric overhead transmission poles. The methodology used was a modified Eslyn (6) test. A high rate of Ascomycetes and Basidiomycetes attack especially on the ...
E O Onuorah
Subterranean termite foraging behaviour and the development of baiting methods used for termite control by the Division of Forest Products
1994 - IRG/WP 94-10058
Given the premise that alternatives to current subterranean termite control measures using organochlorine insecticides and arsenic trioxide have been actively researched by our Division for over ten years, emphasis on baiting methods in controlling these termites has been a major facet of our research. Recently, the new Australian Standard (AS 3660 -1993) was released which outlined the use of phy...
J R J French, J W Creffield, B M Ahmed
Effect of test site location on in-ground preservative performance after 6 years
2001 - IRG/WP 01-20231
Pinus radiata test stakes were treated with 4.1 kg/m3 of CCA and Fagus sylvatica with 6.1 kg/m3 of CCA. Both wood species were also treated with a copper plus triazole preservative (3 kg/m3 of copper) and chlorothalonil plus chlorpyriphos in oil (4.8 kg/m3 chlorothalonil). Furthermore, P. radiata was treated with ammoniacal copper plus a quaternary ammonium compound (2.6 kg/m3 copper) and a 60/40 ...
R N Wakeling
IRG/COIPM INTERNATIONAL MARINE TEST - to determine the effect of timber substrate on the effectiveness of water-borne salt preservatives in sea-water. Progress Report 11: Report of fourth inspection (3 years) in Italy
1981 - IRG/WP 471
The wood samples of Alstonia scholaris, Fagus sylvatica, Pinus sylvestris were submerged in the sea at Follonica, Italy, in Apri1 1977. Follonica, latitude 42°55' North and longitude 10°45' East, is situated on the Tyrrhenian coast. The recorded temperature varies from 13°C td 25°C, salinity 37- 38%. and pH about 8. The inspections were carried out after 6 months (10/1977), 1...
A Gambetta, E Orlandi
A method test of chemicals for the treatment of walls infected with Serpula lacrymans
1992 - IRG/WP 92-2408
A method, which has been used in the UK for over 25 years, is described for assessing the effectiveness of products for application to walls during remedial treatment to eradicate the dry rot fungus Serpula lacrymans. Approvals for products previously used for this purpose in the UK are being changed. Approval for tri n-butyltin oxide has been withdrawn, and PCP derivatives can continue to be used...
J K Carey
Variable chlordane residues in soil surrounding houses in Louisiana
1989 - IRG/WP 1404
Eight soil samples from each of 30 houses in greater New Orleans, Louisiana were collected in October, 1986 and analyzed for chlordane residues (ppm). All houses had reportedly been treated in the late 1960's or early 1970's. Chlordane occurred in all samples, and the overall mean (+ SEM) was 870.6 + 96.5 ppm. Residue levels were unaffected by construction type (slab, crawl, craw...
J P La Fage, K S Delaplane