Your search resulted in 1387 documents. Displaying 25 entries per page.
The use of selective media for studying the colonization of wood in ground contact by microorganisms
1978 - IRG/WP 186
In October1976 a field trial was set up in order to monitor the progressive colonisation of wood in ground contact using orientated small stakes of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) and birch (Betula sp.) (30 x 45 x 250 mm³). Half the number of each species were treated with a 1% solution of CCA by a vacuum impregnation process. All the stakes were coated on three sides with an epoxy-resin sealant to...
C P Clubbe
Redox regulation of enzyme activity during wood decay
1996 - IRG/WP 96-10172
A potential strategy in the search for alternative wood preservatives against fungal decay is to target the extracellular wood-decay process itself, rather than the decay organisms. This presents novel targets for selective disruption and possibly without the broad-spectrum toxicity associated with conventional wood preservatives. The enzymes of white rot decay are mechanistically diverse (e.g. hy...
P J Kersten, B Kurek, J W Whittaker
Characterization of Poria indoor brown-rot fungi
1995 - IRG/WP 95-10094
The heterogeneous group of "Poria" fungi causing brown rot in buildings and also of wood in ground contact comprises Antrodia vaillantii, Antrodia serialis, Antrodia sinuosa, Antrodia xantha and Tyromyces placenta. These fungi have similar morphological appearance and biology. Their nomenclature has a confusing history and is still not uniform. As a consequence, misinterpretations may occur. SDS p...
O Schmidt
Natural Durability studies and Changes in wood chemistry of some Ghanaian hardwoods during decay by white- and brown-rot fungi
2004 - IRG/WP 04-10542
The natural decay resistance of Esa (Celtis mildbraedii), Wawabima (Sterculia rhinopetela) and Dahoma (Piptadeniastrum africanum) obtained from Ghana was determined according to BS EN 113 (1997). Esa was found not durable to the white-rot, but very durable to the brown-rot; Wawabima was very durable to both white- and brown-rots; and Dahoma was durable to the white-rot, and very durable to the bro...
Zeen Huang, K Maher, S A Amartey
Repairs of dry rot damages. A follow-up survey
1989 - IRG/WP 1400
The success of repairs of dry rot (Serpula lacrymans) damage in small houses was studied by means of a questionnaire, interviews and inspections. The research material consisted of 92 buildings in the first follow-up survey and of 71 of those 92 buildings in the second survey 6 years later. In 55 buildings the damages had been repaired once and at that time the harmfulness of dry rot fungus was kn...
L Paajanen
The colonisation and succession of fungi in wood
1980 - IRG/WP 1107
A study of the microbial ecology of small stakes of Pinus sylvestris and Betula pendula, both untreated, and treated with a 1% solution of CCA is in progress. Results are presented for the early stages, up to 18 months.Two new techniques were developed linked by the philosophy of objective assessment. Isolations were made from the wood in a pre-determined pattern and transferred to four selective ...
C P Clubbe
The performance of chlorothalonil after 4.5 years in the accelerated field simulator
1994 - IRG/WP 94-30041
The decay resistance of chlorothalonil in oil was examined in an accelerated field simulator (AFS). Pinus radiata D. Don and Eucalyptus regnans F. Muell. sapwood stakes were treated, placed in soil in the AFS, and monitored over 4.5 years. CCA type C treated stakes were included for comparison. Water and toluene treated control stakes were heavily decayed after 1-2.5 years. Oil treated controls, t...
L J Cookson
Colonization of treated and untreated ponderosa pine exposed in Hilo, Hawaii
1995 - IRG/WP 95-20068
The rate of decay in above ground exposures is largely controlled by rainfall and temperature, factors which can be used to construct a climate index of decay hazard in above ground exposures. Developers of new biocide formulations have utilized this knowledge by establishing test sites in sub-tropical regions such as the Gulf Coast of the United States. More recently, field sites have been locate...
C M Freitag, J J Morrell, K J Archer
Investigations into the biology of Meruliporia incrassata
2004 - IRG/WP 04-10508
The dry rot fungus Meruliporia incrassata (Berk. and Curt.) Murr. is a highly destructive brown rot wood decay fungus and is a significant pest of wooden structures. The fungus, know commonly as ‘Poria’, is characterized in culture by strand mycelium and skin-like surface mycelium. In structural environments it is found to produce prominent water conducting rhizomorphs, is a copious spore prod...
J Jellison, C Howell, B Goodell, S L Quarles
Bending properties of wood after its decay with Coniophora puteana and subsequent modification with selected chemicals
1999 - IRG/WP 99-40146
Mechanical properties of wood are often decreased due to decay processes caused by biotic and/or abiotic factors. Damaged wooden elements (e.g. historical structures) can be reinforced by more methods, including their modification with convenient chemicals. This paper presents influences of selected chemicals on basic bending properties (modulus of elasticity - MOE, modulus of rupture - MOR) of so...
L Reinprecht, S Varinska
Preliminary results from the field experiment to determine the performance of preservative treated hardwoods with particular reference to soft rot. The four reference timber
1980 - IRG/WP 3164
The results given in the Tables 1-4 each refer to one of the four reference species treated with four solution concentrations of CCA as recorded from each test site. The species are: Alstonia scholaris, Betula pendula, Fagus sylvatica, Pinus sylvestris. The treatments were: Untreated, 0.66% CCA, 1.53% CCA, 3.01% CCA, 5.60% CCA. Each figure is an average of the ratings recorded for each replicate o...
J F Levy, D J Dickinson
Evaluation of polymeric alkylphenol polysulfide as a new wood preservative compound
2000 - IRG/WP 00-30251
At the 30 th IRG meeting held in Rosenheim, Bavaria, Germany, we reported on a Polymeric Alkylphenol Polysulfide (PXTS) which shows potential as a new non-leachable, environmentally compatible wood preservative compound exhibiting excellent biocidal efficacy. Comparative soil-block test results showed that PXTS was twice as effective as Creosote when evaluated against both white- and brown-rot fun...
J Goswami, A Abramson, R Buff, D D Nicholas
Hardwood Field Experiment: Progress Report 1977-1986
1986 - IRG/WP 3391
The international hardwood field experiment was planned in l976 and set up in same 30 different sites around the world. The test stakes include 4 reference species common to each site and in most cases at least 2 species of local importance. It was hoped that a picture of performance of a range of economically important species would be built up and at the same time provide vital background inform...
D J Dickinson, S M Gray
Copper based water-borne preservatives: Copper adsorption in relation to performance against soft rot
1987 - IRG/WP 3452
As part of a fundamental study concerned with the performance of copper based water-borne preservatives the adsorption of copper from aqueous solutions by 4 hardwood and 1 softwood species has been studied. Experiments were conducted to determine the influence of solution pH, solution concentration and solution temperature. The results obtained were consistent with an acid form ion-exchange mechan...
P M S Rennie, S M Gray, D J Dickinson
Immunolocalization of extracellular metabolites from Poria placenta
1988 - IRG/WP 1361
Polyclonal antisera produced to Poria placenta extracellular metabolites was used in immuno-fluoresence microscopy and immuno-gold TEM studies. In the fluorescence work, labelling of Poria placenta hyphae in wet fixed wood material was observed but not in infected wood which was oven dried prior to sectioning and immunolabelling. TEM studies provided better resolution, with gold labelling detected...
B Goodell, G F Daniel, J Jellison, T Nilsson
Fungitoxic effect of the quaternary ammonium compounds wood preservatives against the Ascomycetes and Deuteromycetes
1997 - IRG/WP 97-30138
Results of investigation on fungitoxic value of the three formulations of wood preservatives based on the quaternary ammonium compounds (lauryldimethylbenzylammonium chloride, lauryldimethylbenzylammonium bromide, alkylbenzyldimethylammonium chloride) in relation to the surface wood colouring (moulds) and soft-rot fungi have been presented. The agar-plate (screening) and agar-wood plate for mouldi...
J Wazny, P Rudniewski
Evaluating the performance of wood preservatives against fungi
1974 - IRG/WP 247
A compilation is made of results published by various workers for agar/block laboratory tests of the effectiveness of wood preservatives against 11 species of wood destroying Basidiomycetes and one species of soft rot fungus. Preservatives include creosote, boron, metal/arsenic mixtures, metallic naphthenates, chlorinated naphthalene, chlorinated phenols and tri-n-butyl tin oxide. The results are ...
R Cockcroft
The influence of carrier fluid type on the efficacy of a wood preservative against cavity forming soft rot
2000 - IRG/WP 00-30244
Propiconazole was applied to Scots pine sapwood (Pinus sylvestris) and beech (Fagus sylvatica) using three different carrier systems selected on their varying ability to swell timber. The effects of microdistribution on the activity of cavity forming soft rot fungi were examined to determine the practical benefits of using swelling and non-swelling carriers with this active ingredient. Efficacy of...
P A Hodges
The effect of concrete embedment on CCA treated hardwood and softwood timbers
1985 - IRG/WP 3340
Small size stakes of Eucalyptus maculata and Pinus elliottii were treated with CCA to various retentions and embedded in concrete collars containing varying amounts of a fungicide additive. During the 30 month trial period stakes were removed after 12, 18, 24 and 30 months and assessed for residual strength. Stakes which showed significant strength reductions were microscopically examined for the ...
L E Leightley, G A Willoughby
Extracellular osmiophilic particles in connection with brown rot and white rot
1982 - IRG/WP 1157
The way of attack on Pine woodblocks of two brown-rot fungi (Fomitopsis pinicola, Coniophora puteana) differing in their cellulase activities, and one white-rot fungus (Trametes hirsuta) has been investigated by transmission electron microscopy. Even at early stages of decay, osmiophilic particles were found with all the fungi investigated. In the brown-rotted wood, the osmiophilic particles occur...
K Messner, H Stachelberger
IRG test of preservative-treated hardwoods with particular reference to soft rot. Report on condition of specimens installed in Victoria, Australia
1984 - IRG/WP 3318
Over a third of the treated stakes involved in this test have been mechanically damaged. As many of these stakes broke off at or near groundline they could not be reinstalled. So they have been removed from the study despite most exhibiting little or no decay. Because of the mechanical damage to a substantial number of the treated stakes, we propose to terminate the CSIRO part of this study after ...
G C Johnson, J D Thornton
Collaborative soft rot tests: Final Report
1978 - IRG/WP 2106
Since preparation of Document No: IRG/WP/258 results have been received from the remaining collaborators. Thus there is a little further to add to the conclusions already derived, those in Document No: IRG/WP/251 being as follows: 1) the exposure system used sometimes resulted in excessive weight gains in the sterile check blocks. Consequently the corrected loss in weight of the test blocks could ...
J G Savory, J K Carey
A new type of biocide suitable for use in different fields of wood preservation
1993 - IRG/WP 93-30014
A new type of polymeric biocides was developed containing quaternary ammonium and boron ester groups as active structure elements, to overcome the disadvantages of AAC's in wood preservation use and to utilise their good performance due to a broad efficacy against fungi on the other hand. The new biocides called polymeric betains have been tested in laboratory and field tests and especial...
V Barth, H Härtner
Hydrolysis of bordered pits during colonization of conifers by brown-rot fungi
1995 - IRG/WP 95-10103
Brown-rot decay results in rapid reduction in degree of polymerization (DP) of holocellulose with concomitant strength loss (MOR) without removing lignin. Development of new methods of wood protection will require focusing on early events in the sequence of depolymerization. Bordered pit membranes (sapwood) represent a readily available source of non-lignified carbohydrate, ie. pectin and cellulos...
F Green III, J L Tschernitz, T A Kuster, T L Highley
Evaluation of white-rot fungal growth on Southern Yellow pine wood chips pretreated with blue-stain fungi
2000 - IRG/WP 00-10349
White-rotting basidiomycetes do not colonize on southern yellow pine. This study seeks to reduce the resinous extractive content of southern yellow pine by treating it with blue stain fungi. The mycelial growth of wood-inhabiting ligninolytic white-rot fungi can be achieved on pretreated southern yellow pine wood. Aureobasidium, Ceratocystis, and Ophiostoma spp. removed 70% to 100% of the extracti...
S C Croan