Your search resulted in 655 documents. Displaying 25 entries per page.
A guideline for sorting easy to impregnate Scots pine sapwood based on three treatability studies from Northern Europe
2014 - IRG/WP 14-40669
Scots pine sapwood is generally considered an easy to impregnate wood species, though it reportedly faces challenges towards a homogeneous impregnation and large variations in treatability are reported for the material.
This study comprises the results of three treatability tests that were performed on Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) sapwood. The material impregnated was originated from a large ...
K Zimmer, E Larnøy, A Treu
Chemical composition of extractives of different wood compartments of Pinus merkusii and their potential implication in wood durability
2015 - IRG/WP 15-10841
Amounts and nature of extractives differ strongly according to the compartment of wood and to the nature of the wood species. Previous studies reported that knotwood of several European Pinus sp. contains extractives contents much higher than stemwood consisting mainly of lignans which may find valuable applications in cosmetic, nutraceutic or pharmaceutic sectors. Different explanations have been...
A Wijayanto, S Dumarçay, R Kartika Sari, W Syafii, P Gérardin, C Gérardin-Charbonnier
Evaluation of color and gloss in decorative applied to cases of Pinus radiata wood impregnated (D. Don) copper type C azole micronized
2015 - IRG/WP 15-20571
Six treatments (one control and five decoration coatings) were applied to radiata pine wood treated with micronized copper azole (uCA-C), for outdoor use (R3) at a rate of 3.08 kg/m3 retention (T2). One decoration coating was applied before impregnation treatment: Prestain P (T3), and two, were applied in mixture with the uCA-C preservative Black Cylinder (T5) and Red Cylinder (T4). Two varnish we...
R Garay, M Inostroza
Performance of kiln-dried and air-dried anti-sapstain treated pallet timber under use scenarios against wood discolouring fungi
2015 - IRG/WP 30669
During their lifespan there is a high probability that wooden pallets and packaging material will be exposed to rainfall or rewetting conditions, increasing the risk of growth of discolouring fungi. Kiln-drying of wooden pallets and packaging material without anti-sapstain treatment does not give efficient protection against wood discolouring fungi during rewetting periods. However additional temp...
A Steitz, E Stoyanova, N Pfabigan, R Gründlinger
Search for an anti-sapstain treatment for fresh radiata pine wood in compliance with European BPD norms: Field Tests
2015 - IRG/WP 15-30673
In response to the impending restrictions on the use of pesticide active ingredients developed to control the staining of fresh wood, as a result of regulation issued in 2009 by the European Union, a project was proposed to test an alternative anti-sapstain treatment that meets both the European restrictions and the performance required for an export-quality radiata pine fresh wood treatment. A se...
P Montes C, T Hanke W
Impact of early lignification of ray parenchyma cells on the treatability of Scots pine sapwood
2015 - IRG/WP 15-40706
The wood anatomy of Scots pine sapwood can influence its treatability. A microscopic analysis on the wood material from four different stands in Northern Europe was performed using tangential sections from the outer part of Scots pine sapwood. Single correlations of the ray composition and lignification state of the ray parenchyma showed the influence of these factors on radial penetration depth a...
K Zimmer, A Treu
Above-ground performance of a buffered amine oxide treatment system against Mastotermes darwiniensis
2016 - IRG/WP 16-10855
Above-ground H2 field tests against Mastotermes darwiniensis were conducted in far north Queensland to assess the efficacy of buffered amine oxide treatments in the softwoods Pinus sylvestris and P. radiata, and the hardwoods Eucalyptus regnans and E. diversicolor. Untreated hardwoods and slash pine bait wood (P. elliottii) were severely attacked or destroyed, while untreated P. sylvestris was mod...
L J Cookson, R W Clawson Jr
GC-MS Characterizations of Termiticidal Heartwood Extractives from Wood Species Utilized in Pakistan
2016 - IRG/WP 16-10857
Wood species that exhibit innate tolerance to wood destroying organisms such as termites are considered to be naturally durable. This durability can, in part, be due to the complex chemical compounds in the heartwood of naturally durable wood species. We examined the effects of varying concentrations of heartwood extractives on the subterranean termite, Reticulitermes flavipes from four wood spec...
M E Mankowski, B Boyd, B Hassan, G T Kirker
Characterization of waste from Pinus radiata generated during industrial thermal-treatment
2016 - IRG/WP 16-20586
The thermal-treatment is an established chemical-free process to modify wood, improving the durability and physical properties of wood through its service life. During the hydro-thermolysis several reactions from wood components occur, releasing volatile and non-volatile compounds from wood to the chamber. Once the process is accomplished, solid residues agglomerate below the wood load and gaseous...
R Herrera, D Thomas da Silva, R Llano-Ponte, J Labidi
Distribution and penetration of the tung oil in wood studied by high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging
2016 - IRG/WP 16-20593
Water repellents as environment-friendly treatments are gaining their popularity as non-biocidal solutions for wood protection. One of the most important water repellents for wood besides waxes and organosilicon compounds are drying oils. Tung oil is one of the best performing oil. However, tung oil, similarly as other oils, does not penetrate deeply into wood, due to its high viscosity. In order...
M Žlahtič, U Mikac, I Serša, M Merela, M Humar
Wood properties modification by an enzymatic assisted treatment with phenolic extractives
2016 - IRG/WP 16-30696
Extractives of sawdust and bark from P. pinaster and, condensed tannins (CTs) from P. radiata bark were used to treat beech and pine veneers in combination with an oxidative enzyme, in order to stably graft such extractives onto the veneers. First, the antifungal activity of P. pinaster phenolic extractives against wood decay fungi was studied. These extractives were also used to hydrophobize pi...
D Filgueira, C Fernández-Costas, D E García, D Moldes
Evaluation of Commercially Available Polyurethane Resin to Develop Non-biocidal Wood Preservation Treatments
2016 - IRG/WP 16-40751
Evaluation of commercially available polyurethane (PU1 and PU2 and polyisocyanate (PNCO) to develop non-biocidal wood preservation treatments have been conducted. A simple method by vacuum impregnation of these resins into beech wood (Fagus sylvatica L) and pine wood (Pinus sylvestris L.) samples followed by varied curing process at ambient temperature, 103oC, and 200oC have been performed. Based ...
M Mubarok, Y Sudo Hadi, J Suryana, I W Darmawan, F Simon, S Dumarcay, C Gérardin, P Gérardin
Commercialisation of DMDHEU Modified Wood in Australasia
2017 - IRG/WP 17-40772
While there is an increasing volume of data for the impregnation and curing of timber using dimethylol dihydroxyethyleneurea (DMDHEU) on species such as Scots Pine, Beech, Slash Pine and Spotted gum, there is limited information available on the impact of the modification process on the performance of Pinus radiata (referred to hence forth as Radiata pine). The variability within material and spec...
B R Derham, T Singh, H Militz
Accessibility of hydroxyl groups in anhydride modified wood as measured by deuterium exchange
2017 - IRG/WP 17-40784
Acetylated wood shows improved properties largely due to the reduced amount of water in the acetylated cell wall. However, the exact mechanism by which water is excluded in acetylated wood remains unclear. Acetylation reduces hydroxyl content by substitution of hydroxyl groups in wood polymers but may also hinder access to unmodified hydroxyls by physical bulking. This work assesses hydroxyl acces...
G Beck, S Strohbusch, E Larnøy, H Militz, C Hill
Efficacy of Xotic Wood Preservative to control termites attack on Pinus patula wood
2018 - IRG/WP 18-10915
This study aimed at evaluating the efficacy of Xotic Wood Preservative on treated wood. Solignum was the experimental standard. The experiment was laid out in a Randomised Block Design carried out as a graveyard trial with 15 samples, 3 treatments and 5 replicates. The results showed that there was significant difference (P<0.05) in weight of the wood after four months of the graveyard trial. Term...
H Jenya, G Meke
Impact of sapwood portions on the durability of adjacent heartwood of Pinus sylvestris, Pseudotsuga menziesii and Quercus robur. Part 1: Laboratory studies
2018 - IRG/WP 18-10922
Sapwood is generally considered as non-durable and assigned to durability class DC 5 according to European standards independent from the wood species. It is commonly agreed that sapwood decays faster than adjacent heartwood, but it is controversially discussed whether sapwood serves as feeder material and thus accelerates onset and progress of decay in more durable heartwood or decays independent...
C Brischke, P Homann, A Gellerich
Material Resistance and Chemical Composition of Italian Stone Pine (Pinus pinea)
2018 - RG/WP 18-20645
Relevant properties of stone pine (Pinus pinea) wood have been only fragmentarily addressed in the past, which has been recognized as a limiting factor for its potential applications. The amount of the respective wood species on the market will likely increase in the future. The sorption properties, permeability to water, extractives content and durability against fungi of Pinus pinea sapwood and ...
M Humar, M De Angelis, M Romagnoli, V Vek, I Poljanšek, P Oven, N Thaler, B Lesar, D Kržišnik
The development of a suitable fire retardant for Radiata pine and other species
2019 - IRG/WP 19-30744
The use of fire retardant chemicals, with the overarching aim of creating a safer environment is not a new one, however it is generally under-developed and is often afflicted with an image of environmental and health issues and misperceived high costs. There is an ever-increasing need and desire for effective fire retardancy in timbers to inhibit or suppress the combustion process. This is paramou...
B R Derham, M R Fortune
Wood Protection Through Diffusion: Dimensional Stabilisation with Amine Oxides
2019 - IRG/WP 19-30747
Wood is a phenomenal construction material. In addition to its great physical properties and its beautiful appearance, it possesses many environmental-friendly virtues like the sequestration of carbon dioxide. It is however subject to dimension changes when submitted to fluctuating moistures levels, which can lead to warps, cracks and the peeling of paints. Many water repellents can slow down the ...
S Pepin, P Blanchet, V Landry
Effect of long-term immersion in fresh and salt water on mould growth on Scots pine (Pinus Sylvestris L.) wood
2020 - IRG/WP 20-10962
Wood exposed outdoors will eventually be degraded by fungi, depending on exposure and material characteristics. Numerous wooden constructions in the Røros municipality have existed since the 17th century, but wood used in recent repairs have decayed faster than expected. Before 1970 timber was mainly transported by log driving or rafting, and the logs were immersed in water for longer or shorter ...
M Sand Austigard, J Mattsson
Monitoring uptake and penetration of pesticides during impregnation of pine (Pinus sylvestris) and spruce (Picea abies) wood with bio-based microemulsion gel formulations
2020 - IRG/WP 20-30756
Even in dry state wood is susceptible to biological degradation. Preservation against biological decay in exposed conditions is conventionally achieved by impregnating the wood with pesticides applied at professional and industrial levels. Impregnation of wood with preservatives is a complex process that involves wood macro- and microstructure, and the physical characteristics of woods. Here we fo...
D Messaoudi, K Ruel, J-P Joseleau
Results of the resistance of acetylated wood against marine borers at three Italian sites after five years of sea immersion
2022 - IRG/WP 22-10994
The aim of this research was the determination of resistance of acetylated wood against marine decay in use class 5 (EN 335) in temperate sea waters. The resistance of acetylated Pinus radiata (radiate pine) in solid and medium density fibreboard (MDF) panels is compared with that of the untreated Scots pine, radiata pine and other untreated wood of European species such as Fagus sylvatica (Europe...
S Palanti, F Stefani, M Andrenacci, M Faimali, I Guarneri, M Sigovini, D Tagliapietra
Discrimination of five commercial wood preservatives by handheld near-infrared spectrometers and Multivariate Data Analysis
2022 - IRG/WP 22-20686
Nowadays, the recycling potential of wood waste is still limited, because of a lack of reliable lack of a reliable and fast device allowing the discrimination of preservative-treated wood that contains organic or/and inorganic contaminants. The purpose of this study was to set up a methodology, based on a SCiO low-cost handheld NIR spectrometer, and multivariate data analysis (MDA). Spectra was ob...
M Rubini, P Dulucq, B Charrier
Acetylation of pine wood in Uruguay
2022 - IRG/WP 22-40927
As a renewable material, wood is susceptible to decay by biologic (fungi, insects) and non biologic (water, radiation, mechanical wear, etc) agents. Such agents are controlled by using wood species of high natural durability, or by protecting the wood through drying, construction design, or the application of preservatives. The latter method has been and still is the most used in Uruguay, usually ...
C M Ibáñez, L Castillo
Durability of thermotreated Pinus sylvestris and Eucalyptus nitens against wood decay organisms
2022 - IRG/WP 22-40949
One of the alternative treatments to avoid the application of biocides is thermal modification of wood, which increases the durability of wood against attack by wood decay organisms. The durability of Pinus sylvestris and Eucalyptus nitens thermotreated at 180 and 212 ºC, was studied. The results show that thermotreatment against wood decay fungi in P. sylvestris is slightly more effective than i...
M T Troya, S M Santos, L Robertson, N Pérez-Molina, V Baños, A Dieste