Your search resulted in 311 documents. Displaying 25 entries per page.
A hypothesis on a second non-biocidal property of wood extractives, in addition to toxicity, that affects termite behavior and mortality
2008 - IRG/WP 08-10638
While it is has long been recognized that heartwood extractives affect termite behavior, the exact cause and relationship between total extractives, extractive types, and termite resistance remains unclear. Generally, researchers have proposed that the extractives are toxic and/or repel termites. We propose, based on the well known fact that many extractives have excellent antioxidant properties...
T P Schultz, K Ragon, D D Nicholas
In vitro evaluation of an integrated approach using Trichoderma harzianum and chitosan for the control of sapstain
2008 - IRG/WP 08-10659
In vitro assays were undertaken to evaluate the control of two sapstain fungi, Leptographium procerum and Sphaeropsis sapinea by a combination of chitosan or chitosan oligomer (CODP-14) and a naturally mutated strain of Trichoderma harzianum. Spore germination and hyphal growth of the test fungi were assessed on media amended with chitosan or chitosan oligomer with and without T. harzianum using ...
C Chittenden, T Singh
Biological control of the sapstain fungus Diplodia pinea (syn. Sphaeropsis sapinea) in the field
2008 - IRG/WP 08-10663
Diplodia pinea, syn. Sphaeropsis sapinea, is well known as the worldwide ocurring causal agent of the Diplodia tip-blight disease on various pine species, leading to great losses of valuable wood in the forests. Moreover, this fungus is also responsible for the fornation of sapstain of felled logs, leading to undesired disation of surface layers in the OSB manufacturing industry. In Central Europe...
C Gradinger, T Boisselet, K Messner, K Fackler
Laboratory Evaluation of Flurox, a Chitin Synthesis Inhibitor, as a Bait Toxicant Against Microcerotermes diversus (Silvestri ) (Isoptera: Termitidae)
2008 - IRG/WP 08-30477
Microcerotermes diversus (Silvestri) is the most economically destructive termite in structures in southwest, Iran . One sustainable control strategy that usually help in reducing the subterranean termite damage in buildings , which is safe to the user and the environment is the use of IGRs in a suitable bait matrix. In the laboratory assays described here, the delayed toxicity of Flurox (a Chitin...
B Habibpour
Chemical Analysis in Production Quality Control at Wood Treatment Plants
2008 - IRG/WP 08-20396
Analysis methods for quality control analysis in wood treatment plants have evolved with the changes in treatment preservative chemistries and analytical instrument technology. The basic hydrometer specific gravity measurements used for solution strength and classic wet chemistry methods for wood have given way to instrumental techniques such as X-ray fluorescence, automatic titrator, and HPLC. No...
P Walcheski, L Jin
Control de calidad eficiente de proteccion superficial sobre madera
2008 - IRG/WP 08-20397
Quality control is important to assure efficient protection of wood surfaces. When wood is exposed to the environment, it degrades due to weathering or environmental factors alone. Aging tests are utilized to test coating products. Quality control techniques are performed on exposed products according to standardized methods (NCh, ASTM, ISO, DIN, EN, FTMS, NTF, NBINT, or equivalents). Certified l...
A M Fernández S
Control biológico de la mancha azul en madera aserrada de Pinus radiata D. Don.
2008 - IRG/WP 08-10681
Radiata pine wood is highly susceptible to the attack of sapstaining fungi promoting a discoloration which results in important economical losses. The use of chemicals, a customary procedure to prevent its occurrence is becoming nowadays, due to environmental concern, a more questionable practice. The biological control of blue stain fungi with albino isolates of the Ophiostoma genera appear to ...
J Navarrete, A Segura, P Martínez, R Vera, C Segovia, P Herrera, L Reyes, D McNew, T C Harrington, R L Farrell, J M Thwaites, B Held, R A Blanchette
Mold fungi - Major impediments to cleaning/repairing flood and rain-damaged homes
2008 - IRG/WP 08-40427
Damage to homes by hurricanes that make landfall in the south and southeastern United States, or sub-tropical and tropical regions, during the hot, humid summer months is compounded by the growth of mold fungi on wetted building materials. Most homeowners are better equipped to deal with construction problems associated with storm damage than to control the growth of mold fungi. Following hurrican...
T L Amburgey
Effect of a biological treatment on below ground decay of Douglas-fir pole sections
2008 - IRG/WP 08-40433
The use of exogenous sugars to accelerate microbial growth and eventually limit available oxygen in soil surrounding wood in soil contact was investigated on untreated Douglas-fir poles exposed over a 3 year period in Western Oregon. Isolation frequencies differed markedly between treated and untreated poles and the treatment did appear to shift the frequency of some basidiomycetes. The treatment ...
C Freitag and J J Morrell
Building with termites: The challenge of biomimetic design for carbon neutral buildings.
2009 - IRG/WP 09-20405
The main aim of this paper is to present humanity and termites as design partners in the creation of a new dimension of ecosystem understanding. “Beyond biomimicry: What termites can tell us about realizing the living building”, Turner and Soar (2008) opens up a new era in how we think of human habitations, not only on earth, but maybe on other planets, and using the termite model as the corne...
J R J French, B M Ahmed (Shiday)
Biological Treatment to Improve Wood Product Quality and Durability - Fifteen Years of Effort and Experience at FPInnovations-Forintek Division
2009 - IRG/WP 09-40444
Wood plays an important role in the world economy. However, wood is subject to attack from wood-degrading fungi and insects and durability and quality of wood products are becoming increasing concerns for consumers. Development of effective and low environmental impact technologies to improve wood product quality and durability will be required to address these concerns. The application of a bio...
Dian-Qing Yang
Estimating the heat treatment intensity through various properties of thermally modified timber (TMT)
2009 - IRG/WP 09-40459
The suitability of different measures for prediction of the heat treatment intensity was investigated. Therefore, the resistance to impact milling (RIM), the lightness L*, the equilibrium moisture content (EMC), the anti swelling efficiency (ASE) and the total amount of soluble carbohydrates (TSC) of heat treated specimens were correlated with corresponding fungal resistance achieved by heat treat...
C R Welzbacher, C Brischke, A O Rapp
Control of Reticulitermes grassei as a pest in Spain: Termite distribution in an urban area
2010 - IRG/WP 10-10719
The European subterranean termite Reticulitermes grassei Clément, 1978, has been an important pest in Palenciana, a locality in the southern province of Cordoba (Spain) for a long time. The different stages of the pest elimination process have been studied and are presented here. Firstly, a through inspection of all town dwellings was conducted in order to determine a theoretical affected area of...
E Alcaide, R Molero, J Diz, M Gaju
Estimating the age of subterranean termite attack and damage in buildings
2010 - IRG/WP 10-10727
This paper describes physical and experimental methods and a mathematical model (Rotramel 2003) to assist in estimating the age of subterranean termite attack and damage to building structures. Timber, building and termite management industries have to develop new strategies to assess and estimate termite attack and damage in the current climate of global warming. A case study will be used as an e...
J R J French, B M Ahmed Shiday, J Thorpe
Third Party Quality Control and Laboratory Procedures in the United States
2010 - IRG/WP 10-20430
With over 5 billion treated board feet produced in the United States each year, there is a need for an established set of Quality Control and Laboratory procedures for independent agencies. These QC procedures ensure retailer and consumers that treated wood products have met conformance standards. These procedures provide treating facilities with guidelines on the production and service of treated...
C Barber, T Greer
Termite legislation in France: Termite control measures and prevention rules in building construction
2010 - IRG/WP 10-20448
Reticulitermes subterranean termites are considered as urban pests in France because they are harmful for wood-based in the South and the southwestern quarter of the country. Since November 2006 new protective measures of building construction have been introduced by the French parliament which must be applied across the country and in overseas territories to prevent termite infestations. All new ...
M Kutnik, M Jequel, I Paulmier, D Ansard
Stress wave and visual analysis of treated and non treated fence posts after 15 years in field test
2010 - IRG/WP 10-20449
Wood preservation may play an important role in protecting tropical rain forest. Basically, it can reduce pressure on natural resources by increasing wood durability. Field tests are conducted to simulate final use of woods under different environmental conditions. Visual analysis, non destructive testing, and non destructive evaluation techniques were applied to assess wood resistance and chemica...
A Florian da Costa, R Faustino Teles, J Costa Gonçalves
Non-destructive evaluation of termite and decay damaged to timber-in- service
2010 - IRG/WP 10-20451
A leading joint research project was financed by the ARC, engaging some of the leading Universities in Australia, to look at field techniques to determine if timber-in-service is infested with termites and decay fungi after which microwave technology will be employed to eliminate the termites and/or decay in-situ. The next step will be to quantify the damage caused on the sectional dimensions of t...
C Adam, B M Ahmed Shiday, G Brodie
Assessment of Boracol 200RH (FrameSaver) as a remedial treatment to control decay in pre-decayed model timber frame units
2010 - IRG/WP 10-30529
Model timber frame units constructed from untreated radiata pine were pre-wetted to approximately 40% moisture content and inoculated with Coniophora puteana and Oligoporus placenta. Units were transferred to a controlled environment room maintained at 25°C and 95% RH for 7 and 10 weeks to allow two levels of decay to become established in units. Following pre-decay, units were disassembled, clea...
Mick Hedley, Dave Page, Jackie van der Waals
TMT–Interlab–Test to establish suitable quality control techniques - Structure and first results
2010 - IRG/WP 10-40503
As a result of growing quality demands from manufacturers and end-consumers of thermally modified timber (TMT) recent scientific research activities are increasingly focussed on modification mechanisms and by this on the development of suitable quality control methods. To deepen the knowledge in modification mechanisms and to obtain a larger variety of scientific data for TMT depending on the trea...
C R Welzbacher
Measuring fungal cellulolytic enzyme activity in degrading wood
2011 - IRG/WP 11-10753
An enzyme assay which measures enzyme activity directly from wood will assist in the fundamental understanding of the enzyme components of the decay mechanism of rot fungi and any changes in the presence of wood protectants. At present, to measure fungal carbohydrate degrading enzyme activity in the presence of wood, two methods are used: either 1) the enzyme is measured in the growth media contai...
S M Duncan, J S Schilling
Non-destructive evaluation of wood decay
2011 - IRG/WP 11-20479
Evaluation of wood decay is often prone to subjective assessment. Standard rating scales are based on human perception of decay, often in addition to weight loss measurements. Especially the assessment of graveyard specimens or other long term testing material that has to be monitored regularly on a non-destructive basis, is challenging. In this paper two techniques are presented that can deliver ...
J Van den Bulcke, I De Windt, N Defoirdt, J Van Acker
Novel Approaches to the Development and Testing of Anti After-glow Additives for CCA-based Treatments of Poles
2011 - IRG/WP 11-30561
In this paper, a field fire stake testing screen method is described. This method uses stake samples from matched wood sources allowing replicates from different boards to be included. The method is easy to control and can provide quick comparative fire resistance test results. The parameters measured from the tests are percentage weight loss, minimum residual circumference and residual thicknes...
L Jin, P Walcheski, A Preston
The case for using borates in termite control in tropical Australia
2011 - IRG/WP 11-30573
A brief historical overview of boron based wood preservatives efficacy against subterranean termite management worldwide, and in Australia, is presented. The boron based compounds to be used in H2 hazard conditions, may be applied as a surface treatment by dip, flood coat or spray, and rapidly penetrates to the centre of timber substrates, whether containing sapwood or heartwood. However, section ...
B M Ahmed (Shiday), J R J French
Thermally modified timber (TMT) for decking applications – determination of relevant surface properties
2011 - IRG/WP 11-40544
In recent years thermally modified timber (TMT) entered various market segments. It is used for facades, horticultural equipment, garden furniture, and also for kitchen and bathroom cabinets. However, flooring turned out to be the most important application for TMT, either as interior parquet or as exterior decking. Besides durability and dimensional stability, which had been the initial target pr...
L Meyer, C Brischke, C R Welzbacher