Your search resulted in 1633 documents. Displaying 25 entries per page.
Efficacy of waterborne copper naphthenate as preservative for northern hardwood species
1995 - IRG/WP 95-30091
Northern red oak (Quercus rubra) and red maple (Acer rubrum) cubes pressure treated with waterborne formulation of copper naphthenate were evaluated for resistance to attack by brown fungi Gloeophyllum trabeum (Pers. ex Fr.) Murr. (Madison 617 ATCC 11539) and Poria placenta (Fr.) Cooke (Madison 698, ATCC 11538), white rot fungi Trametes versicolor (L. ex Fr.) Pilat (R-105 from Jeff Morrell), Irpex...
D P Kamdem, R Fair, M H Freeman
Development process of a new anti-sapstain formulation and its present status with the relevant problems
2001 - IRG/WP 01-30257
An anti-sapstain formulation, which contains 2-(thiocyanomethylthio)benzothiazol (TCMTB) and methylene-bis-thiocyanate (MBT) as active ingredients, was developed by a technical agreement with Buckman Laboratories (Memphis, TN, USA) as an alternative to chlorinated phenols for the Japanese market. The formulation was commercialized as BAM 12 years ago. As anti-sapstain treatment is commonly conduct...
K Nobashi, Y Nomura, K Tsunoda
Effect of species composition of preservative-treated Douglas fir plywood on its decay resistance
1978 - IRG/WP 2114
Plywood is now commonly used for constructional purposes in environmental situations where decay by wood-destroying fungi can be a considerable risk. However there seems to be a lack of understanding of the relative durability of plywood, both untreated and when treated with wood preservatives. Part of the reason for this situation has been the difficulty of carrying out laboratory decay tests on ...
R S Smith, P Balcaen
Fouling organisms as indicators of the environmental impact of marine preservative-treated wood
1995 - IRG/WP 95-50063
This study evaluates the use of fouling organisms (epibiota) to assess the environmental impact of preservative treated wood. This paper presents initial findings from treated panels exposed for 6 months at Sagres, Algarve, Portugal. Panels were treated with CCA, two copper-containing quaternary ammonium (ACQ) formulations and creosote, with nominal retentions from 10 to 40 kg/m³ (creosote 25 pcf...
R M Albuquerque, S M Cragg
A laboratory bioassay method for testing preservatives against the marine borers Limnoria tripunctata, L. quadripunctata (Crustacea) and Lyrodus pedicellatus (Mollusca)
1990 - IRG/WP 4159
A laboratory culture and bioassay method is described for the marine borers Limnoria tripunctata, Limnoria quadripunctata, and Lyrodus pedicellatus. The methods were tested in a bioassay using established marine preservatives. The attack produced on blocks treated with CCA or creosote in some ways paralleled the attack found in the sea. Limnoria tripunctata attacked treated and untreated pine bloc...
L J Cookson
Isolation and identification of non-decay fungi affecting the performance of alkylammonium compounds
1993 - IRG/WP 93-10020
The isolation of DDAC tolerant fungi was carried out on lumber treated with a range of antisapstain chemicals containing DDAC as one of their active ingredients. The tolerant fungi were selected by using malt media spiked with DDAC (100 and 2500 ppm). Isolations were tentatively identified into a range of fungi commonly found associated with wood deterioration (i.e. Penicillium sp. and Trichoderma...
A K Doyle, J N R Ruddick
Extracellular mucilage (ECM) in wood decay basidiomycetes
2002 - IRG/WP 02-10439
The ability of wood decay basidiomycetes to produce extracellular mucilage (ECM) and its relationship with total biomass production is being investigated. Growth and ECM production by the brown-rot fungus Gloeophyllum trabeum (FPRL 108 N) and the white-rot fungus Coriolus versicolor (CTB 863 A) was assessed in liquid culture under different conditions and in the presence of the fungicide cyprocona...
D Vesentini, D J Dickinson, R J Murphy
Evidence for actinomycete degradation of wood cell walls
1990 - IRG/WP 1444
Several unique patterns of degradation occurring in wood cell walls have been observed in wooden stakes inserted in unsterile soil in the laboratory. Some of the patterns have also been observed in coniferous wood taken from forest floors. All the observed attack types occur within wood cell walls, mainly within the S2 layer. Attack is characterised by channels of varying diameter or small fusifor...
T Nilsson, G F Daniel, S L Bardage
Colonization of treated and untreated ponderosa pine exposed in Hilo, Hawaii
1995 - IRG/WP 95-20068
The rate of decay in above ground exposures is largely controlled by rainfall and temperature, factors which can be used to construct a climate index of decay hazard in above ground exposures. Developers of new biocide formulations have utilized this knowledge by establishing test sites in sub-tropical regions such as the Gulf Coast of the United States. More recently, field sites have been locate...
C M Freitag, J J Morrell, K J Archer
Arbeitsverfahren zum Herstellen und mikroskopischen Auswerten von Dünnschnitten aus Holz-Bohrkernen. [Working method for producing and evaluating microscopically thin cuts of bore samples]
1980 - IRG/WP 2133
Bore samples are important specimens; e.g. they are in use to investigate poles in service. On the basis of known methods of microtomy a technique is described which permits the production of longitudinal cuts from bore samples. For this purpose, the bore sample is glued onto a mounting; the surface of cut is coated with a polystyrene solution. The cut thus consolidated can be stained, drained, an...
S Cymorek
The ecotoxicology assessment of wood preservatives and their active ingredients by means of germination tests using cress - A critical consideration
1999 - IRG/WP 99-50125
With putting the Biocidal Products Directive 98/08/EC (BPD) in place an environmental risk assessment for wood preservatives and impregnated timber is requested. To assess possible risks, suitable test methods are required, which reveal the ecotoxicological profile including environmental fate and behaviour of treated commodities. Germination and growth tests could contribute to the determination ...
P Jüngel, A O Rapp, E Melcher
Investigations into the biology of Meruliporia incrassata
2004 - IRG/WP 04-10508
The dry rot fungus Meruliporia incrassata (Berk. and Curt.) Murr. is a highly destructive brown rot wood decay fungus and is a significant pest of wooden structures. The fungus, know commonly as ‘Poria’, is characterized in culture by strand mycelium and skin-like surface mycelium. In structural environments it is found to produce prominent water conducting rhizomorphs, is a copious spore prod...
J Jellison, C Howell, B Goodell, S L Quarles
Further studies on soft rot decay in CCA treated Eucalyptus power transmission poles in Queensland, Australia
1980 - IRG/WP 1115
Preliminary results on the examination of fungi isolated from CCA treated Eucalyptus power transmission poles were presented at the 10th Annual IRG Meeting. Since then further examination and identification of fungal isolates has been completed together with screening tests for wood decay ability and tolerance to creosote and CCA and its components. Chemical analyses for CCA retention have also be...
L E Leightley
Eradication of wood decay fungi by means of radio frequency
1998 - IRG/WP 98-10292
High frequency electromagnetic fields i.e. radio frequency (RF) are used in wood industry for heating, gluing and bending of wood and are also appropriate for eradicating of wood decay fungi and insects. We investigated the effects of RF exposure on wood samples which were in vitro infected by Coniophora puteana, Gloeophyllum trabeum and Lentinus lepideus. For each fungus, the lethal temperature a...
F Pohleven, J Resnik, A Kobe
Silicic acid-Boric acid complexes as wood preservatives
2001 - IRG/WP 01-30273
A silicic acid monomer aqueous solution (SAMS) or colloidal silicic acid solution (CSAS) was combined with various metal compounds or boric acid. Agents where SAMS or CSAS was combined with boric acid gave good protection against decay caused by the brown-rot fungus Fomitopsis palustris, the treated wood (Cryptomera japonica D. Don) specimens after the leaching test maintained a high resistance to...
H Yamaguchi
Bending properties of wood after its decay with Coniophora puteana and subsequent modification with selected chemicals
1999 - IRG/WP 99-40146
Mechanical properties of wood are often decreased due to decay processes caused by biotic and/or abiotic factors. Damaged wooden elements (e.g. historical structures) can be reinforced by more methods, including their modification with convenient chemicals. This paper presents influences of selected chemicals on basic bending properties (modulus of elasticity - MOE, modulus of rupture - MOR) of so...
L Reinprecht, S Varinska
Analysis of volatile organic compounds (VOC's) from Trichoderma spp.: effect of media composition on VOC production and level of inhibition of wood decay fungi
1997 - IRG/WP 97-10207
Production of volatile organic compounds (VOC's) by two Trichoderma isolates grown on either malt extract or minimal media was examined and statistically assessed to identify which VOC's were predominantly produced on each of the two media types. The VOC's were captured onto chromatographic absorbent from above the cultures of the fungi before being analysed by integrate...
A Bruce, R E Wheatley, C Hackett, A Kundzewicz
New methods for nondestructive inspection of timber in buildings
1995 - IRG/WP 95-20070
In these years older buildings are renewed in most European countries on a large scale, and new techniques are needed for both inspection and eradication of fungal attacks. Heat treatment as a means of eradicating the dry rot fungus has been used in Denmark during the last decade. This technique minimises the structural damage to the building, whilst at the same time reducing costs by up to 50%. T...
B Madsen, O V Frederiksen
Stability, performance and distribution of propiconazole (R 49362) in acceleratedly aged wood
1991 - IRG/WP 3647
The permanency of propiconazole (R 49362 - WOCOSENÔ technical - Janssen Pharmaceutica) in wood was examined in an 18 month storage test, an evaporative ageing study (EN 73), a volatilization stress experiment, and water-leaching studies (EN 84). The biological efficacy against two brown rot fungi: Coniophora puteana BAM Ebw. 15 and Gloeophyllum trabeum BAM Ebw. 109 was assessed according to the E...
A R Valcke, M Stevens
Co-operative tests concerning influence of solvent and drying method on the toxic limit of wood preservatives against Basidiomycetes. Preliminary report
1971 - IRG/WP 204
In the Working Group II of the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development working group on wood preservation (now International Research Group on wood preservation) it was agreed that more knowledge was necessary concerning the influence of the solvent on the toxic limit of organic solvent types of wood preservatives against Basidiomycetes. A test program was drawn up and after discuss...
T Hof
Comparison of the in-ground performance of pigment emulsified creosote (PEC) and high temperature creosote (HTC)
2000 - IRG/WP 00-30217
A long-term field trial was conducted in Australia to compare the in-ground performance of two oil-borne preservative formulations, conventional high temperature creosote (HTC) and a modified creosote formulation, pigment emulsified creosote (PEC). Three retentions (50, 100 and 200 kg/m³) were targeted for each formulation. An additional retention of PEC formulation (308 kg/m³), which contained ...
J W Creffield, H Greaves, N Chew, N K Nguyen
Performance of copper-chrome formulations in ground contact in five test sites in New Zealand
1996 - IRG/WP 96-30113
Copper-chrome-arsenate (CCA), copper-chrome-boron (CCB), copper-chrome-fluoride (CCF) and copper-chrome-phosphate (CCP) have been tested at four retentions each in ground contact (25 x 50 x 500 mm³ radiata pine sapwood stakes) for 16 years in five test sites in New Zealand. Results to date show that test site characteristics have a marked effect on relative performance. In a warm and wet site (an...
M E Hedley, R N Wakeling, J Foster, B E Patterson
The potential application of rapid gas-chromatographic assay of microbial respiration to the monitoring of wood decay in field trial situations
1983 - IRG/WP 2196
Gas chromatographic detection of microbial activity (C02 production) within stakes in a field trial situation would appear to provide a sensitive, non-destructive and relatively rapid method for the quantitative assessment of preservative treatments. Most consistent results were obtained when stakes were removed from the soil, washed, saturated with water and incubated in sealed PVC tubes at 25°C...
M A Line
In ground performance of wood treated with a substituted isothiazolone
1990 - IRG/WP 3612
Isothiazolones (I.T.A.'s) are a class of biocides that have potential for use as wood preservatives. The substituted ITA, RH-287, (4,5,dichloro-2-n-octyl-isothiazolone-3-one) is being evaluated as a broad spectrum wood preservative. The evaluation program includes in ground stake tests which were established at two test sites in Mississippi, USA The tests used southern yellow pine treated...
L E Leightley, D D Nicholas
Preservation of wood composites with zinc borate
1995 - IRG/WP 95-30074
Inorganic borates such as boric acid, borax, disodium octaborate tetrahydrate, and zinc borate can be incorporated into wood composites such as waferboard to impart decay and insect resistance to the final product. Zinc borate is especially well suited for this application due to its efficacy and leach resistance. The paper summarizes the work performed to date in this area. The effects on strengt...
P E Laks, M J Manning