Your search resulted in 3224 documents. Displaying 25 entries per page.
Effect of natural variability of European Oak wood on heat treatment process and potential implication on wood durability
2015 - IRG/WP 15-40693
Environmental pressures appeared in France and in most European countries during the last decade has led to the development of more environmentally acceptable preservation methods. In this context, wood heat treatment has been one of the most investigated alternative method during the last years. Treated at temperatures ranging between 180 and 220°C, wood components undergo more or less important...
J Hamada, A Pétrissans, F Mothe, M Pétrissans, P Gérardin
Depictions on Wood: Acceptation and Internalization of Wood, which is an intercultural interaction tool, as “A Valuable Object” (Wood is Good)
2015 - IRG/WP 15-40694
These sample descriptions have been made for the course named “Importance of Wood in Intercultural Interaction”, a new elective course for all undergraduate students of Hacettepe University, within the framework of the curriculum of Wood Products Industrial Engineering, which has been updated within the scope of Bologna Process. With this course, designed by a woodlover viewpoint for the first...
I Usta
Characterization of biofilm formation on wood treated with vegetable oils by color-based image interpretation method
2015 - IRG/WP 15-40697
The protection of wood in order to extend its service life is an important issue nowadays. As an alternative to traditional wood coatings biofilms can be used. It is a living protective coating for the wood surface against UV and bio-degradation that has the ability to recover from local damage, such as cracks. This paper presents preliminary results of biofilm formation from an 8-month’s fie...
K Filippovych, H Huinink, L van der Ven, O C G Adan
Application of nanoparticles of silver and nanoparticles of titanium dioxide in reinforcement of wood and coating for wood in Costa Rica
2015 - IRG/WP 15-40698
Wood is one of the most widely used materials in last 20 years by society in many applications, with a considerable proportion of this material coming from forest plantations. Plantations usually produce timber with reduced strength properties and low natural durability. On the other hand, nanotechnology applications have the potential to increase wood properties. Likewise, nanotechnology cannot o...
A Berrocal Jiménez, R Moya Roque, A Lucrecia Rodríguez, J R Vega Baudrit
How does the test methodology influence the outcome of durability testing of thermally modified wood
2015 - IRG/WP 15-40699
Thermally modified wood is commercially available on the European market since many years. Today, many production units with various production capacities and different modification processes exist. Industrial scale wood heat treatment processes, under the trade name of ThermoWood were developed in Finland. ThermoWood has two standard treatment classes with different target properties, namely Ther...
A Gellerich, S Bollmus, H Militz
How to Increase the Lifespan of Exterior Wood Coatings
2015 - IRG/WP 15-40700
In addition to aesthetic appeal, coatings are designed to protect the wood from weathering degradation in outdoor conditions. This paper gives an overview of the effects of main components of coating, coating properties, and wood treatments on coating performance. Understanding how different type of resins (alkyd, acrylic or polyurethane), amount of pigments, type of solvents (organic or water), a...
M Nejad
A novel enzymatic treatment as a new approach for wood protection
2015 - IRG/WP 15-40701
Wood durability is a worldwide concern and most treatments tend to fail with regard to their efficacy along the time. Weather conditions lead to a loss of the treatment substances into the surrounding environment and, in consequence, generate also a public health concern.
Recently, the employment of oxidative enzymes, such as laccases, has been proposed as a tool for lignocellulosics modificatio...
C Fernández-Costas, S Palanti, M Ángeles Sanromán, D Moldes
Investigation of Dimensional Stability and Coating Performance of Different Heat-Treated Poplar Wood Before and After Accelerated Aging
2015 - IRG/WP 15-40702
In this investigation, coating performance of heat-treated poplar wood (Populus tremuloioes) in different environments, before and after accelerated aging was studied. Specimens with 150×100×20 mm and 20×20×20 mm in dimensions were prepared. Heat treatments were performed in air, steam and linseed oil media. Specimens were coated by alkyd based stain. Adhesion strength before and after aging, ...
A Talaei, D Ansari Movahed, G Rassam
Impact of early lignification of ray parenchyma cells on the treatability of Scots pine sapwood
2015 - IRG/WP 15-40706
The wood anatomy of Scots pine sapwood can influence its treatability. A microscopic analysis on the wood material from four different stands in Northern Europe was performed using tangential sections from the outer part of Scots pine sapwood. Single correlations of the ray composition and lignification state of the ray parenchyma showed the influence of these factors on radial penetration depth a...
K Zimmer, A Treu
Polyamidoamines (PAA) functionalized with siloxane fragments as potential wood preservatives
2015 - IRG/WP 15-40708
Polyamidoamines (PAAs) utilized in this research were obtained by the reaction between N,N-methyl-bis-acrylamide (MBA) and Ethanolalmine (EtA) and/or aminopropytriethoxysilane (APTES). Different combinations between them were tested as wood preservatives against fungal decay. First, in situ impregnations of PAAs, with the reagents above described in different ratio, were performed and the effectiv...
S Palanti, G Predieri, E Feci, L Bergamonti
Fire protection of wooden facades in Norway
2015 - IRG/WP 15-40710
Wood products are experiencing a renaissance as construction material in Europe due to their environmental benefits. In Norwegian building design however, timber has always played an important role but has had its limitations in urban architecture. One of the reasons is a high demand to fire safety in dense house building and multi-story buildings. Though novel construction methods and fire safety...
U Hundhausen, K-C Mahnert
Diagnosis and control of pathology of wood used in the Alahambra Palace, Santiago de Chile
2015 - IRG/WP 15-40711
In 2008, the National Monuments Council, invites bids for the work control termite infestation in the Alhambra Palace, located in Santiago. As part of this service our company decides to make a pathological diagnosis to allow us to make the minimum of damage to the building but maximum control first. The collection of information in the field, the use of advanced technologies and our experience an...
J Poblete Escanilla, P Astaburuaga Merino
Outcomes deal to impregnability of Eucalyptus globolus L. wood after microwave treatment
2015 - IRG/WP 15-40712
Microwave treatment of wood has been used with several aims in many studies as drying, enhancement of pulp properties, angle fibre detecting, density evaluation, etc., and also to improve permeability of wood. Eucalyptus globulus Labill. is a refractory species which is spreading its use as solid wood for construction in Spain. Studies of different ways to improve their impregnability (uptake and ...
A Vega, E Hermoso, M T Troya
Best handling practices for wood crossties (sleepers)
2015 - IRG/WP 15-40714
Wooden crossties (sleepers) dominate the rail industry in the USA. Most ties are hardwood treated with oil-borne preservatives using pressure treatment. Incipient decay (called ‘stack burn’) commonly develops during the pre-treatment drying process and reduces tie performance and longevity. Practices to minimize stack burn and enhance wooden tie performance are discussed as an aid to non-wood ...
N Irby, J Lloyd, A Taylor, J Watt
A Green and Novel Technology for Recovering Copper and Wood from Treated Waste - Part I
2015 - IRG/WP 15-50309
Preservative treatment of wood extends its service life. The US consumes about 70 million pounds of copper and produces about 7 billion board feet of treated wood annually. Burning and reusing CCA and copper treated wood wastes are disallowed by US EPA due to health and environmental concerns. Millions of pounds of copper and wood are disposed by landfill annually. The objective of this study was...
S Chen
Recycling of used railroad ties via two-staged pyrolysis for fractionation of wood preservatives and bio-oil: pyrolytic characterization by TGA and Py-GC/MS
2015 - IRG/WP 15-50311
Creosote and copper naphthenate (CuNap) (in an oil carrier) treated railroad tie materials (crossties or sleepers) were initially heat-treated at 200 – 300 oC and subsequently pyrolyzed via thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and pyrolysis-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Py-GC/MS) to recover wood preservatives and produce a higher quality bio-oil. Preservative-desorptive temperatures at 200 a...
Pyoungchung Kim, J Lloyd, Jae-Woo Kim, N Labbe
Termite Management and the U.S. Experience: A Case for Wood Treatment & Integrated Control
2015 - IRG/WP 15-30678
A brief overview of termite control is given using specific experiences from the U.S.A. Five major types of termite treatment now prevail: soil applied chemical barriers, in-structure chemical barriers (in-situ applied wood and foundation treatments), physical barriers, treated wood and termite baits. In general, ‘stand-alone’ pretreatments or ‘primary’ treatments are often discussed and ...
J D Lloyd, K van den Meiracker
GC-MS Characterizations of Termiticidal Heartwood Extractives from Wood Species Utilized in Pakistan
2016 - IRG/WP 16-10857
Wood species that exhibit innate tolerance to wood destroying organisms such as termites are considered to be naturally durable. This durability can, in part, be due to the complex chemical compounds in the heartwood of naturally durable wood species. We examined the effects of varying concentrations of heartwood extractives on the subterranean termite, Reticulitermes flavipes from four wood spec...
M E Mankowski, B Boyd, B Hassan, G T Kirker
Foundation piles: analysis of beech wood decay in service life conditions
2016 - IRG/WP 16-10858
Wood piles foundation system was largely used over decades. Thus, numerous buildings over the world are based on this constructive system. In the context of reduction of CO2 emissions in the building field of constructions, substitution of concrete by wood as material for foundation piles seems to be a promising alternative. However, fluctuation of the water table level in soil may promote fungal ...
Q Kleindienst, A Besserer, M-L Antoine, C Perrin, J-F Bocquet, L Bléron
Laboratory evaluations of woods from Pakistan and their extractives against Postia placenta and Trametes versicolor
2016 - M Mankowski, B Hassan, A Bishell, G Kirker
Natural durable wood species are those which exhibit innate tolerance to wood decay organisms such as fungi and termites. The goal of this study was to evaluate 4 wood species (Dalbergia sissoo, Cedrus deodara, Morus alba and Pinus roxburghii) from Pakistan in order to determine their resistance to both a model brown (Postia placenta) and white (Trametes versicolor) rot fungus compared to a durabl...
M Mankowski, B Hassan, A Bishell, G Kirker
Production of reactive oxygen species in the presence of oxidized iron and oxalate under conditions mimicking brown-rot fungal degradation of wood
2016 - IRG/WP 16-10861
The biochemical role of oxalate in the fungal solubilization of iron is well known, but additional information is needed on the role that oxalate plays in the brown-rot decay of lignocellulose. In this study iron sequestration from iron and iron oxide-hydroxides was assessed with regard to the function of a chelator-mediated Fenton (CMF) reaction and the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS)...
Yuan Zhu, Liangpeng Zhuang, B Goodell, Jinzhen Cao, J Mahaney
High-frequency monitoring of mass loss due to brown rot degradation of modified wood
2016 - IRG/WP 16-10862
Fungi growing in liquid culture undergoes three separate phases in which they i) adapt to the new environment, ii) grow unrestrictedly and exponentially, and iii) are inhibited to increase in number/mass due to lack of nutrients etc. Filamentous fungi have been shown to exhibit similar growth phases in a solid food substrate and have been modelled to grow in this way also in solid wood. In modifie...
R Ringman, A Pilgård, K Richter
Formation of biofinishes on outdoor exposed wood; the impact of wood-oil combination and geographical location
2016 - IRG/WP 16-10864
Growth of dark moulds enables the use of a decorative and protective biofinish for wood, showing advantages compared to traditional wood-coatings in terms of sustainability and self-repair. Based on the formation of a uniform mould covering on oil treated wood during outdoor exposure, the utilisation of a biofinish is in development. Basic information is lacking on the correlation between exposure...
E J van Nieuwenhuijzen, L Ross Gobakken, M F Sailer, R A Samson, O C G Adan
Fungicidal Effect of Tobacco Stalks (Nicotiana tabacum L.) Against Brown Rot Fungi “Coniophora puteana”
2016 - IRG/WP 16-10865
In this study it was investigated that the fungicidal effect of tobacco plant (Nicotiana tabacum L.), which is grown in many countries of the world, against brown rot fungi “Coniophora puteana”. The protective effect of this plant on Scotch pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) wood was considered by means of fungi decay test (EN 113). The wood samples have been treated by five different extracts; at 3%,...
Ü C Yıldız, S Yıldız, A Yılmaz, S Durmaz
Real-Time PCR Assays for the detection of the dry rot fungus Serpula lacrymans and its close relative Serpula himantioides
2016 - IRG/WP 16-10867
Prevention of wood decay by fungi of the phylum Basidiomycota is an important issue of wood protection. The most destructive fungus in buildings in Central Europe is the dry rot fungus Serpula lacrymans, which needs more extensive restauration measures than all other wood decay fungi. Its close relative S. himantioides occurs more frequently in outdoor environment. The assessment and remediation o...
K Jacobs, N Rangno