Your search resulted in 3219 documents. Displaying 25 entries per page.
Development of software to automate the quantification of checking occurring in preservative treated wood exposed to weathering
2001 - IRG/WP 01-20228
Surface checking often disfigures the appearance of wood treated with water-borne preservatives and treatments designed to reduce such checking have been receiving increasing attention. Progress in this area has however been slowed by the lack of a method of rapidly and accurately quantifying checking at treated wood surfaces. A software package has therefore been developed which identifies, measu...
A G Christy, P D Evans
Evaluating the performance of wood preservatives against fungi
1974 - IRG/WP 247
A compilation is made of results published by various workers for agar/block laboratory tests of the effectiveness of wood preservatives against 11 species of wood destroying Basidiomycetes and one species of soft rot fungus. Preservatives include creosote, boron, metal/arsenic mixtures, metallic naphthenates, chlorinated naphthalene, chlorinated phenols and tri-n-butyl tin oxide. The results are ...
R Cockcroft
The preventive effectiveness of preservative treatments against wood-rotting fungi. Preliminary results
1992 - IRG/WP 92-2407
The efficacy of a range of preservative treatments in preventing colonisation by decay fungi has been assessed using a method developed at BRE and similar to that adopted by Working Group 9 of European Standards Committee CEN/TC 38. Assessment was made using baits inserted into the test blocks, in holes which had been drilled after treatment to within defined distances of the treated face exposed ...
J K Carey
Methods for the assessment of wood preservative movement in soil
1995 - IRG/WP 95-50040-08
This paper presents preliminary results from a series of experiments constructed to provide laboratory data for the evaluation of the leaching of wood preservatives into and through soil. The experiments included: i) measurement of the adsorption of preservatives by soil; ii) determination of the concentration gradient of preservatives in soil following percolation of preservative solution through...
G E Holland, R J Orsler
Determination of corrosive effect of liquid wood preservatives to metals – First experiences with a National Standard which is in revision
2006 - IRG/WP 06-20321
The development of standards is an essential tool to characterise different kind of materials and products. An important aspect during the development of a new product is to check the corrosion behaviour with other materials. Corrosion can cause several problems like pitting corrosion. Consequently the knowledge concerning the corrosive effect of liquid wood preservatives is important due to the s...
E Melcher
On the use of probit analysis for assessing the toxicity of wood preservatives
1974 - IRG/WP 244
To elucidate the general character of the action of the toxic material on the fungus, it is sufficient to carry out preservative tests using the previously described procedure, but in doing so, it is necessary somewhat to change the number of specimens and their arrangement in jars. Five concentrations of toxic material are tested simultaneously. For the testing of one preservative ten jars should...
D A Belenkov
Determination of fungitoxic value of preservatives in laboratory wood-block tests. Part 2: Statistical estimation
1989 - IRG/WP 2327
Laboratory modified agar-block tests were made to determine the fungitoxic value of the wood preservative CCA against the test fungus Serpula lacrymans using statistical methods. With the aid of statistical computer programmes based on the least square method. the regression equation was found for the dependence between sample mass loss and preservative retention both in terms of percentage and fo...
J Wazny, J D Thornton, K J Krajewski
Evaluation of the protective means of some wood preservatives by means of accelerated tests
1973 - IRG/WP 232
In site conditions of the eastern site in the forest-steppe part of the Krasnovarsk region, the relative effectiveness of a series of wood preservatives was obtained by means of field tests. To obtain a more accurate evaluation of the protective qualities of these accelerated tests were carried out in laboratory conditions. In 9 boxes filled with non-sterile soil taken from the site, 72 samples of...
I A Petrenko
Determination of fungitoxic value of preservatives in laboratory wood-block tests. Part 1: Standard procedures
1989 - IRG/WP 2326
By applying a modified agar-block method, a comparative analysis was made on the toxic value of the wood preservative CCA against the test fungus Serpula lacrymans. The procedure applied to determine the results accounted for different standards: EN (Toxic limit), ASTM (threshold retention), GOST (threshold retention and protection probability), PN (toxic doses) and JIS (value of efficiency). Desp...
J Wazny, J D Thornton
Animal blood protein as a component of new, non-toxic wood preservatives fixing organic active compounds in wood
2003 - IRG/WP 03-30312
Application of natural organic compounds and simple physico-chemical treatments in wood conservation has, as its objective, not only its protection against biological agents but, equally importantly, protection of natural environment by gradual abandonment of toxic constituents still applied commonly on a wide scale. The introduction into wood of new, non-toxic impregnation agents manufactured on ...
B Mazela, I Polus
Statement on laws relating to wood preservation in Brazil
1977 - IRG/WP 399
A set of copies of the laws relating to wood preservation in Brazil (in Portuguese) have been deposited with the IRG Secretariat. Generally speaking, it can be said that all public constructions have to comply with the laws that have been laid down. All organisations (governmental and private) which produce or apply wood preservatives are registered. The private sector is not obliged to abide by t...
P Karstedt
Further steps in the development of above ground wood preservative systems
2002 - IRG/WP 02-30300
Metal and organo-metallic wood preservative systems have provided the consumer with cost effective wood preservative systems which satisfy the performance requirements in a wide range of end uses.
With increasing environmental and legislative control, metal-free formulations have emerged as the dominant preservative systems for the protection of timber in the lower hazard classes.
In higher ha...
P Warburton, A S Hughes
Chemostimulatory and chemotropic responses by fungi to preserved and unpreserved wood
1981 - IRG/WP 1134
During experiments to determine the presence of biotic connections between soil and wood at this laboratory, marked chemotropic responses to wood were demonstrated by some wood destroying micro-organism in agar culture. These were shown at some distance from bait, up to 35 mm away, and on some occasions were unaffected by the presence of toxic materials. This paper provides preliminary data on the...
G Mowe, B King
Protection and efficient utilization of plantation grown lesser-known timbers of arid region in India - Acacia tortilis, Prosopis juliflora and Prosopis cineraria
2005 - IRG/WP 05-40321
The plantation-grown timbers are highly susceptible to insects/pests, borers and wood rot fungus. Wood preservatives copper chrome arsenic (CCA) 2% and chloropyriphos 2% solution treated under pressure on three plantation grown timber species viz. Acacia tortilis, Prosopis juliflora and Prosopis cineraria have shown encouraging results in enhancement of shelf life by protection of wood against woo...
S H Jain, H Kumar, R Arya, R L Srivastava
Biological test, AAS and EPR study of copper monoethanolamine complex with quaternary ammonium compounds as a wood preservative
2003 - IRG/WP 03-30321
Experiments were carried out on the wood preservative with a strong fungicidal activity based on Cu(II) carbonate, 2-aminoethanol (monoethanolamine) and quaternary ammonium compound (QAC). The object of the performed investigations was sapwood of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) treated with Cu-EA-QAC formulation. Mycological investigations were carried out according to EN 113 and EN 84 standards....
B Mazela, I Polus, S K Hoffmann, J Goslar
Inorganic preservative levels in soil under treated wood decks after 8 years natural exposure in Borås, Sweden
2005 - IRG/WP 05-50233
Inorganic preservative components (Cu, Cr and As) were measured to a depth of 150 mm under deck structures made with Scots pine lumber treated with several different wood preservatives and installed in Borås Sweden 8 years ago. Higher contaminant levels were observed mainly under the drip lines and in the top 50 mm of soil. Under CCA treated decks, soil arsenic concentrations increased from ba...
P A Cooper, Y T Ung, M-L Edlund, J Jermer
Laboratory versus field tests for evaluating wood preservatives: A scientific view
1995 - IRG/WP 95-20076
The relative merits of field tests versus laboratory tests for evaluating wood preservatives are discussed. Many of the problems involved in interpretation of the results are similar for both types of test. One major problem is to select field sites or laboratory tests that are representative for the practical use of treated timber in ground contact. Decay tests with treated wood in unsterile soil...
T Nilsson, M-L Edlund
Performance criteria for approving new wood preservatives for ground contact
1994 - IRG/WP 94-20021
Protocols for testing novel formulations prior to approval or registration as wood preservatives are being developed in a number of countries, e.g. Australia, New Zealand, USA. One aspect which must be addressed is the effectiveness in tests relative to that of currently approved formulations which would be acceptable to approving authorities. It is assumed that natural exposure testing is a prere...
M E Hedley
Pollution in wood preservation - Aspects and problems
1973 - IRG/WP 55
In the field of wood preservation too, pollution problems have to be considered. They originate with the wood preservatives used. The extent of pollution differs widely with the type of preservative and the treatment process used. Per unit of impregnated timber, pollution will be lower if treatment is performed in treating plants than in distributed places. It will be highest for the old type Bouc...
H Willeitner
Exterior wood stains
1979 - IRG/WP 3136
The use of semi-transparent exterior wood stains has grown remarkably since their development during the 1960s. This can be partly attributed to their offering a break with tradition at a time when it was being recognised that changes in the quality of timber and how it was used demanded different methods of exterior wood finishing. Information is already available on the characteristics and uses ...
E R Miller
Inter-laboratory comparison of assessment methods for wood preservatives against subterranean termites: Determination of protection threshold limits for CCA
1999 - IRG/WP 99-10317
In 1996, several institutes conducted laboratory bioassays on the efficacy of unleached Pinus radiata specimens treated with copper-chromium-arsenic (CCA) and copper naphthenate (Cu Naph) at retentions of 0.5, 1.0, 2.0 and 4.0 kg/m3 (total salt for CCA; elemental copper for Cu Naph) against a range of species of subterranean termites (IRG/WP/96-10174). Each participant employed the standard test m...
J W Creffield, M Lenz
Evaluation of wood preservatives for Nordic wood preservation class AB
2002 - IRG/WP 02-30297
In the Nordic countries there are restrictions in the use of wood preservatives based on chromium and arsenic. For above ground use, class AB according to the Nordic system, only
copper based preservatives are allowed in Sweden. Thus several new preservatives, copper based or metal free are now used. They have been approved by the Nordic Wood Preservation Council after passing laboratory tests ag...
M-L Edlund, J Jermer
Ecotox Testing of Leachates as an Alternative Approach for Environmental Impact Assessment of Wood Preservatives
2002 - IRG/WP 02-50185
Driven by the implementation of the EU Biocidal Product Directive (BPD) in the environmental assessment of treated wood different methodologies and test strategies are at present under discussion within industry, regulatory authorities and standardizing comittees.
Test procedures for the analytical determination of emissions to different environmental compartments according to exposure scenario...
H-W Wegen
Future insecticidal treatments for wood products
1980 - IRG/WP 3140
Protective measures involving chemical treatment of wood use only a narrow range of toxic materials which are divisible into two groups, (i) those that are water-soluble, (ii) those that are soluble only in organic solvents. It is generally true to say that, as far as protection against insects is concerned, the former are stomach poisons while the latter are largely (though not exclusively) conta...
D J Cross
Method to determine the depth of penetration of the biologically active components of wood preservatives
1978 - IRG/WP 2108
A time-saving method for determining the depth of penetration of the biologically active components of wood preservatives is described. The test specimens were obtained by cutting thin slices from the wood either parallel or perpendicular to the treated surface. The slices were then exposed to fungal attack. A good correlation was found between the test results obtained by the modified German Stan...
H-P Sutter