Your search resulted in 148 documents. Displaying 25 entries per page.
A comparison of the diffusion of boron from two types of solid preservative rods into the heartwood of 3 Eucalypt pole species
2000 - IRG/WP 00-30227
The ability of boron to diffuse from polyborate and boron/fluoride rods through the heartwood of three eucalypt pole species (blackbutt, red ironbark and spotted gum) was examined. The aim was simply to determine the effects of rod type, wood species and time on the longitudinal diffusion of boron in eucalypt heartwood. Rapid diffusion of boron from polyborate or boron/fluoride preservative rods o...
P J Beutel, P D Evans
A new preservative - A double-edged sword
1990 - IRG/WP 3573
Increasing environmental pressures on the use of pesticides throughout the world will impact more on the use of all wood preservatives. In particular the use of traditional wood preservatives and methods of application are under close scrutiny. The industry is responding to the challenge of developing alternative products and systems but faces great problems due to the excellent performance and sa...
M Connell, J A Cornfield, G R Williams
Ten year performance of l-joints made from borate diffusion treated wood
2000 - IRG/WP 00-30225
While there are decades of experience with borate-treated wood in coated, exterior applications in New Zealand and the UK, other countries have been more reluctant to use this process. As part of a research program on the potential use of borates by the Canadian wood products industry, Forintek set up, in 1990, an L-joint test of untreated and borate-diffusion treated hem-fir (western hemlock and ...
P I Morris
Treatment of wood by diffusion of salts
1976 - IRG/WP 368
A brief survey is given on the treatment of wood by diffusion of salts. The compounds used for this process, mainly boron and fluorine compounds, are mentioned and the factors influencing diffusion described. The main pre-condition is a high moisture content of the wood of above 40%. Fields of application are fresh roundwood, remedial treatment of poles and sleepers, preservation of posts and espe...
G Becker
Chemical and biological investigations of double-vacuum treated windows after 7½ years in service
1985 - IRG/WP 3339
Earlier investigations of double-vacuum treated windows after five years in service have shown that tributyltin oxide (TBTO) degrades to di- and monobutyltin compounds and that the resistance of the wood against decay decreases. An investigation 2.5 years later of the same windows shows that the degradation of TBTO proceeds fast. After 7.5 years in service only 15-35% of the remaining organotin co...
M-L Edlund, J Jermer, B Henningsson, W Hintze
Thickened boron treatment
1990 - IRG/WP 3632
Commercial trials with thickened boron preservatives "Diffusol™" indicate a number of advantages when compared to traditional methods of dip-boron preservative treatment. These include: (i) more even uptake and distribution of preservative on and within the timber; (ii) faster diffusion times; (iii) the treatment of gauged timber (though improved retention); (iv) saving in energy costs (heating ...
P Vinden, J A Drysdale, M Spence
The development of a new boron-based wood preservative
1995 - IRG/WP 95-30085
The paper describes a new boron based wood preservative for the treatment of green timber. The product offers many benefits over conventional boron diffusion treatment including: 1. high viscosity, high concentration formulation; 2. permits dip treatment of a wide range of sawn board and pole sizes at ambient temperatures; 3. permits full cross section diffusion of borates without block stacking a...
P Turner, D Conradie
Effectiveness of wood preservatives and treatments against marine borers in Philippine waters
1976 - IRG/WP 416
A 5-year exposure test was conducted on the effectiveness of wood preservatives and treatments against marine borers in Philippine waters. Air-dried heartwood samples of apitong (Dipterocarpus grandiflorus) 76.2 x 88.9 x 609.6 mm³ (3 x 3.5 x 24 in³) in size were pressure treated with coal tar creosote and two types of CCA (copper/chrome/arsenic) and CuCZA (copperized chromated zinc arsenate) wat...
F R Siriban, M G Laxamana, P G Mata
Anti-sapstain chemicals for diffusion treatment of rubber wood
1986 - IRG/WP 3367
Performance of Sinesto B and Akzo EN 494, two formulated products of alkyl ammonium compounds, was tested as fungicidal additive in the boron solution to control mould and stain during diffusion storage of rubber wood. Sinesto B at 2.0% (a.i.) concentration has given good control over mould and its protection against sapstain was only satisfactory. Akzo EN 494 at 0.7% (a.i.) concentration has give...
R Gnanaharan
Moisture content and other tested values in. Double layer tests of different size in Lithuania and Germany
2004 - IRG/WP 04-20299
The paper presents measurement results of moisture content and the analysis of durability trial of double layer wood in variants of varying size, conducted in Girionys, Kaunas distr., Lithuania and in Hamburg, Germany. In this trial 3 sample sets of varying size, containing 25, 50 and 100 specimens, are used. The aim of this trial is to ascertain an optimal number of test specimens. The dynamics o...
J Saladis, A O Rapp
Water transfer in wood in relation to fungal attack in building - Effect of condensation and diffusion
1992 - IRG/WP 92-1543
Wood is continuously exchanging moisture with the surrounding atmosphere, the temperature and relative humidity are important factors. Wood moisture in this case is not enough to provoque decay by fungi. However, when, during the night, condensation appears cyclically, wood absorbs water and moisture content may be sufficiently high to allow development if drying does not take place. The water tra...
D Dirol, J-M Vergnaud
Borate diffusion from fused borate rods in douglas-fir transmission poles
1994 - IRG/WP 94-30042
Pressure-treated utility poles have given many years of excellent service, but their lifetime is often shortened by internal decay of the untreated heartwood center, particularly in refractory species, such as Douglas-fir. This paper reports the distribution of boron from fused borate rods installed in CCA-treated Douglas-fir transmission poles. The boric acid equivalent was roughly monitored by t...
T L Highley, W Finney, F Green III
Redistribution of boric acid in radiata pine during drying after preservative treatment
1993 - IRG/WP 93-40010
Samples of 100 x 50 mm² radiata pine were processed with a variety of options to produce dry, boron-treated wood. Concentrations of boric acid in the central one-ninth and in the whole of the wood cross-sections were determined by chemical analysis and compared. Diffusion treated material was dried by air, conventional kiln (70/60°C), or high temperature kiln (120/70°C). Four different predryin...
A J Bergervoet, D R Page, J A Drysdale
Diffusion treatment of gauged radiata pine timber using "Boracol 20"
1987 - IRG/WP 3437
Green gauged 100 x 50 mm radiata pine timber was preservative treated by brush application of "Boracol 20" followed by diffusion storage. Preservative retention analyses indicated that retention requirements in the core could be achieved within a six week diffusion period, thus representing a time saving of 25% over conventional boron treatment of rough-sawn radiata pine. Similar treatment of kiln...
D R Page, P Vinden, S Retter
Boracol 40 - A potential remedial and preservative treatment for lyctids
1983 - IRG/WP 1192
The paper reports on a preliminary assessment of the efficacy of a diffusion formulation, Boracol 40, when applied as a brush treatment: to the surface of Eucalyptus obliqua against the powder-post borer Lyctus brunneus. After a five month bioassay, Boracol 40 has severely retarded the progress of active infestations of Lyctus brunneus and has been 100 per cent effective as a preventative treatmen...
J W Creffield, H Greaves, C D Howick
The natural durability of wood in different use classes - PART II
2006 - IRG/WP 06-10598
The natural durability of important European wood species has been tested on 3970 speci¬mens in field trials. The wood was exposed at five test sites in Germany with different climates, at each site in European use class 4 and 3 (with and without soil contact). Within European use class 3 three different expositions were tested: vertical with sheltered end grain, vertical unsheltered and horizont...
A O Rapp, U Augusta, K Brandt
The Development of a novel method to preserve reeds using an environmentally friendly timber preservative and a unique engineering design.
2006 - IRG/WP 06-40335
Reeds are used in the construction of bush lodges in Northern Kwa- Zulu Natal, South Africa. Fungal, insect and ultra-violet damage to these reeds is posing a severe problem. Within a space of two years, the reeds are attacked and have to be subsequently replaced; a time consuming and costly exercise. A novel method has been used to successfully preserve these reeds with an environmentally friendl...
K Govender, K G Moodley
The effect of wood moisture content and rod dosage on movement of boron through Douglas-fir heartwood
2007 - IRG/WP 07-30431
The potential for moisture sorption by boron rods following application to wood to affect subsequent boron diffusion was investigated in small Douglas-fir blocks conditioned to 30, 60 or 90% moisture content (MC). MCs tended to decline over the 180 day test period, but there was no evidence that the rods acted to draw moisture away from the wood. As expected, boron movement tended to increase with...
Y Cabrera, J J Morrell
Bamboo Protection Research: Contributions from India
2007 - IRG/WP 07-40355
Bamboo preservation has become more important in India because of Government’s directions to develop bamboo resources and adopt their rational utilization to conserve natural forests. This paper traces the development of various processes for treatment of bamboo and their effectiveness. Results obtained by various workers since 1947 when systematic work on bamboo protection was first published. ...
S Kumar
Developments in Borate Treatment of Canadian Species for Decay and Termite Resistance
2007 - IRG/WP 07-30443
The increased interest in boron treatment of wood over the past 20 years is mainly due to its environmental acceptability, potentially deep penetration in wood, and its efficacy against decay and termites. Based on Forintek’s research in the past two decades, the boron penetration and retention requirements for decay and termite protection in various national and international standards for Cana...
Jieying Wang, P Morris, S McFarling, T Byrne
Soft Rot Determines Service Life of L-joints with Low Borate Loading
2008 - IRG/WP 08-30470
As part of a research program on the potential use of borates by the Canadian wood products industry, Forintek set up an L-joint test of untreated and borate-diffusion treated hem-fir (western
hemlock and amabilis fir) in 1990. The treated material had a low initial retention of only 0.2% boric acid equivalent and analysis after 5 years revealed no detectable borate close to the tenon. Nev...
P I Morris, J Wang, J K Ingram
Penetration Depth of Borates in Historic Wooden Structures in Virginia City Montana
2008 - IRG/WP 08-30475
Virginia City, Montana contains some of the best preserved examples of gold boom construction in the United States. Unfortunately, even the dry climate and fortuitous lack of fire have not prevented decay from claiming parts of the historic fabric. This project aims to determine if borates should be integrated into the preservation plan of the Montana Heritage Commission. Solutions of disodium ...
A A Turner
Service life prediction of wooden components – Part 1: Determination of dose-response functions for above ground decay
2010 - IRG/WP 10-20439
Scots pine sapwood (Pinus sylvestris L.) and Douglas fir heartwood (Pseudotsuga menziesii Franco) specimens were exposed in double layer field trials at 24 different European test sites under different exposure conditions (in total 28 test sets). The material climate in terms of wood moisture content (MC) and wood temperature was automatically recorded over a period of up to eight years and compar...
C Brischke, A O Rapp
Impact of climate change on wood deterioration - Challenges and solutions for cultural heritage
2010 - IRG/WP 10-20441
Deterioration of wood in cultural assets follows the same physiological mechanisms as in modern structures. Therefore rules and data for prediction of service life derived from old wooden structures can be used to model the service life of recent wooden structures and vice versa. The latter is done in this paper: From experimental test set ups in the field spread over Europe, climatic data, wood t...
C Brischke, A O Rapp, M Hasan, R Despot
Finite Element Modelling of the Checking of Wood Exposed to Accelerated Weathering
2010 - IRG/WP 10-20459
The surface checking that develops when wood is exposed to the weather reduces the visual appeal of treated wood products and can reduce the effectiveness of preservative treatments. There is strong interest in developing solutions to this problem and also a growing realization that such solutions may evolve from a deeper understanding of the mechanisms responsible for surface checking. In this pa...
S G Ribarits, P D Evans