Your search resulted in 3718 documents. Displaying 25 entries per page.
The resistance of thermo-oil modified wood against decay and mould fungi
2009 - IRG/WP 09-40448
Thermally modified wood in comparison to natural wood demonstrates some advantageous functional properties like decreased hygroscopicity, higher dimensional stability. It also has increased durability and improved resistance to fungal decay. However thermal modification of wood may lead to reduced strength properties what may limit the use of wood in mechanically beared constructions. The changes ...
A Fojutowski, A Kropacz, A Noskowiak
Termite resistance of some modified wood species
2009 - IRG/WP 09-40449
During the last few decades, researchers worldwide have investigated and developed new treatment techniques to improve intrinsic wood properties. Some of these techniques were introduced to the market recently and are gaining in importance.. Various wood properties of these new materials have been studied intensively. These include physical-mechanical properties (dimensional stability, moisture ...
H Militz, B C Peters, C J Fitzgerald
Use of wax emulsions for upgrading of wood properties
2009 - IRG/WP 09-40451
Waxes are used for treatment of wood surfaces for several decades, predominately as surface treatments, because they did not penetrate into the wood. In order to overcome this issue, water emulsions were applied in present experiment. Five water emulsions of various concentration was used namely; two emulsions of montan wax (LGE, MW1), emulsion of polyethylene (WE1), emulsion of ethylene copolymer...
B Lesar, F Pohleven, M Humar
Vinyl Benzoate Photostabilizes Wood Whereas Vinyl Cinnamate and Vinyl 4-T-butylbenzoate are Less Effective
2009 - IRG/WP 09-40452
Thin wood veneers were esterified to different weight gains with three different aromatic vinyl esters, vinyl benzoate, vinyl cinnamate and vinyl 4-T-butylbenzoate and the photostability of the modified wood was examined. There was a linear relationship between the level of esterification of wood with vinyl benzoate and the photostability of the modified veneers exposed to natural weathering. Viny...
M Jebrane, G Sèbe, I Cullis P Evans
Microwave Surface Modification of Radiata Pine Peeler Cores for Preservative Treatment
2009 - IRG/WP 09-40453
Radiata pine peeler cores are classified as a by-product derived from the cores of logs left over after the veneer peeling process. The core can be potentially developed for value added solid wood products as it is abundantly available and has a constant diameter. However, the core needs to be preservative treated because of low durability in ground contact. An additional problem is that the wood ...
K Sugiyanto, G Torgovnikov, P Vinden
Tensile stress relaxation of wood impregnated in different ACQ formulations at various temperatures
2009 - IRG/WP 09-40456
The reactions between ammoniacal copper quat (ACQ) constituents and wood components were investigated by tensile stress relaxation approach. Small wood samples were stressed and impregnated in ACQ solutions with different formulation including the ethanolamine (MEA) to copper molar ratio, copper (as copper oxide) to quat (as DDAC) weight basis, treatment temperature and also the solution concentra...
Lili Yu, Jinzhen Cao
Investigation of chemical changes in acetylated beech wood during weathering
2009 - IRG/WP 09-40460
In this study Beech wood (Fagus orientalis) acetylated and has been subjected to a variety of artificial weathering conditions (water only, light only, water and light together)in difference times (0,50,150 and 300 h), then wood surface analyzed using Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR).Results shown that weathering process affected the functional groups on the wood surface. Light and w...
M Akhtari, M Arefkhani
Interactions between wood and propiconazole in supercritical carbon dioxide
2009 - IRG/WP 09-40461
Understanding the movement and deposition of biocides in wood is a fundamental aspect of the supercritical wood impregnation process and a key issue in developing the process e.g. to handle wood of larger dimensions. Previous research on supercritical wood impregnation frequently reports of a biocide concentration gradient in impregnated samples i.e. a lower concentration of biocides in the core o...
A W Kjellow, O Henriksen
Termite Resistant Properties of Wood and Natural Fiber Plastic Composites - AWPA E1 Test Data
2009 - IRG/WP 09-40466
This paper deals with resistance properties of wood plastic composites against Formosan Subterranean Termites (FSTs) based on the AWPA E1 test standard. Sixteen laboratory WPC formulations, four WPC commercial materials, and southern pine (Pinus sp.) wood control were tested for termite mortality, sample weight loss, and sample damage rating. The results show that FSTs did attack WPC products in ...
Q Wu, T Shupe, J Curole, K Ragon, M Voitier, M Freeman, D Ring
Weathering of Wood Modified with the N-Methylol Compound 1,3‑dimethylol-4,5-dihydroxyethyleneurea (DMDHEU)
2009 - IRG/WP 09-40467
Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) sapwood boards were treated with a methylated 1,3‑dimethylol-4,5-dihydroxyethyleneurea (mDMDHEU) causing weight gains of approx. 25% and exposed to weathering for 18 months. Compared to untreated boards, treatment with mDMDHEU reduced surface discoloration mainly caused by staining fungi. Boards treated with mDMDHEU exhibited clearly lower moisture content th...
C Mai, Yanjun Xie, A Krause, K Urban, P D Evans, K Richter, H Militz
Properties of thermally modified wood of Eucalyptus globulus from Spanish plantations
2009 - IRG/WP 09-40469
This article provides the results of a study about the properties of thermally modified wood of the Southern blue gum (Eucalyptus globulus L.) from Spanish plantations. Although this specie is mainly used for chipping to obtain boards and paper pulp, its high mechanical and strength properties provide great potential for structural use or different solid wood products. A comparison of the properti...
Ó González Prieto, M C Touza
Wood properties influencing the penetration of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) sapwood with the wood modification agent furfuryl alcohol
2009 - IRG/WP 09-40470
The European standard EN 350-2 classifies Scots pine sapwood as class 1 (easy to treat). However large variations in sapwood penetration exist which affect a homogenous distribution of preservatives. Hence individual penetration schemes have to be developed and adjusted to the material most difficult to treat in order to provide adequate sapwood penetration. To ensure better economic process con...
K Zimmer, E Larnøy, G Koch
Extensive review of fire-retardant wood composites researches
2009 - IRG/WP 09-40471
The increased demand for public safety has led to greater interest in fire retardant materials in the recently years. Legislation relating to safety in the home, in work locations, on transport facilities and in public places continues to produce new regulation. There is average 524 thousand structure fires occurred every year in US, 3757 civilian in death, about 20 thousand civilian in juries, di...
Zhilin Chen, Zhiyong Cai, Feng Fu
The effect of chemical changes on the wood-moisture relationships in thermally-modified wood
2009 - IRG/WP 09-40473
Small specimens of three wood species were thermally modified following twenty schedules in the 190-245°C temperature range for treatment times between 0.3 and 16 h. Five wood-moisture relations were subsequently determined, namely: anti-swelling efficiency (ASE), movement, hygroscopicity (adsorption and desorption), transversal swelling (radial and tangential directions), and equilibrium moistur...
M M González-Peña, M D C Hale
A fast and economic method to produce grey wooden surfaces for decking and cladding: preliminary results
2009 - IRG/WP 09-40474
Uncoated wood is commonly used in France for cladding and decking to minimise maintenance. However wood surfaces progressively turn grey due to exposure to sunlight and water. This grey colour develops after several months depending on the wood species and the exposure: in the northern hemisphere surfaces facing south and west are most exposed and turn grey more rapidly than those facing north and...
L Podgorski, V Georges, I Garmendia, B Sánchez Sarachu
Morphological and Impregnability Properties of Narrow-Leaved Ash (Fraxinus angustifolia Vahl.) Wood Taken From Plantations with Different Spacings
2009 - IRG/WP 09-40475
Narrow-Leaved Ash, an important hardwood in Turkey, (Fraxinus angustifolia) is one of the fast growing species. In Turkey, several plantations have been established for 40 years. Narrow-Leaved Ash grows very fast and produces 25 (m3/year) mean increment. Except for eucalyptus and poplar, this increment is the highest compared to the other imported fast growing wood species. Until 1980, the spacing...
C Güler, H Ibrahim Sahin, S Sen
Progress in Fire-Retardant Research on Wood and Wood-Based Composites: a China Perspective
2009 - IRG/WP 09-40476
The fire retardant research on wood and wood-based composites, which was carried out in China in the past two decades, was reviewed with 55 references. While many kinds of fire retardants for wood and wood-based composites have been studied, the mainstream is still the compound or the mixture containing phosphorus, nitrogen and boron elements, which can be used in the form of water solution in th...
Wang Qingwen, Wang Fengqiang, Hu Yunchu, Li Jian
Which are the best painting methods for the beech wood products protection?
2009 - IRG/WP 09-40477
Beech wood (Fagus Sylvatica L.) is one of the most important species of the wood in Kosovo. About 33% of the trees in our country are beech wood. The wood products in Kosovo are from the beech wood. The color difference between red heart wood and white wood of the beech is significant. The main problem for the wood companies in our country is that they haven’t adequate protection against weather...
A Bajraktari
Future Directions in Wood and Engineered Wood Products Research in China
2009 - IRG/WP 09-40479
This paper has summarized the research advance of basic wood science and engineered wood products in the 20th century in China and introduced the research advance and directions of basic wood science, engineered wood products and the extensive researches based on the basic wood science such as wood chemical rheology, wood fractal analysis, wood environmental science and nano-wood material etc in t...
Guangjie Zhao
Material properties of furfurylated wood for window production
2009 - IRG/WP 09-40480
Wood modification with furfuryl alcohol is an extensively investigated process and already produced commercially. Furfurylated wood is in the focus of a European project on its use for the production of high performance windows. Different wood species were treated with furfuryl alcohol and tested on water uptake, dimensional changes, leaching in water, resistance to fungal degradation, and ecotoxi...
A Treu, A Pilgård, S Puttmann, A Krause
Physical and Mechanical Properties of Hydrothermally Modified Mulberry (Morus alba L.) Wood
2009 - IRG/WP 09-40481
This research was carried out to investigate influences of hydrothermal modification on physical and mechanical properties of mulberry wood that is used for musical instruments in Iran. Samples of mulberry wood were cut into size of 20x20x360 mm and placed in a water filled stainless steel cylinder and treated at temperatures of 100, 120 and 140ºC for 1 and 5 hours. Treated samples were subjected...
A Talaei, K Yaghoobi
Physical and Mechanical Properties of Bamboo Oriented Strand Board Treated with Copper-based Preservatives
2009 - IRG/WP 09-40482
Oriented strand board (OSB) has been gradually accepted, used and developed in China. Bamboo is a renewable and potential non-wood fibre resource for making OSB. But the nature of bamboo makes its products including bamboo OSB (BOSB) more prone to decay and mold. Protection BOSB from biodegradation is the key both to efficiently using bamboo resource and to improving the durability of the final pr...
Juwan Jin, Daochun Qin
Utilidad práctica de mini estacas en ensayos de campo
2008 - IRG/WP 08-20395
For testing chemicals for the wood against degradation agents of biotic, known as preservatives, both testing in the laboratory and in the fields are used. Field trials (Cemetery stakes) are often accepted as more "real" whose frequency of observation is set to more or less a year in temperate climates and six months or less in tropical situations, taking into accounts the aggressiveness of the so...
O Encinas, J V Puentes, N K Sarmiento, N Mora
Modelling hyphal growth of the bio-incising fungus Physisporinus vitreus
2010 - IRG/WP 10-10710
The white-rot fungus Physisporinus vitreus preferentially degrades the pit membranes of bordered pits in tracheids and subsequently enhances wood permeability. Thus, P. vitreus can be used to improve the uptake of wood preservatives and environmentally-benign wood modification substances. This process can be used to enhance the use and sustainability of native conifer wood species by the wood indu...
M Fuhr, C Stührk, F W M R Schwarze, M Schubert, H J Herrmann
Protection mechanisms of modified wood against decay by white and brown rot fungi
2010 - IRG/WP 10-10713
The resistance of beech and pine wood blocks treated with 1,3-dimethylol-4,5-dihydroxyethylene urea (DMDHEU) against T. versicolor and C. puteana increased with increasing WPG. Full protection (mass loss below 3%) was reached at WPGs of approximately 15% (beech) and 10% (pine). Metabolic activity of the fungi in the wood blocks was assessed as heat or energy production determined by isothermal mic...
C Mai, P Verma, Yanjun Xie, J Dyckmans, H Militz