Your search resulted in 1386 documents. Displaying 25 entries per page.
Effects of deck washes and brighteners on the leaching of CCA components
1999 - IRG/WP 99-50128
Small CCA treated Southern pine decks were exposed to natural weathering and the CCA leaching characteristics determined by analyzing the collected rain drippage over several rain events. The decks were then treated with a number of commercial deck washes/brighteners and the CCA components in the wash solution compared to that from water wash only. Washes containing phosphoric acid, citric acid an...
A Taylor, P A Cooper, Y T Ung
Biological resistance of wood treated with waterbased resins and drying oils in a mini-block test
1998 - IRG/WP 98-40107
In recent years it was found that the resistance of wood against fungal degradation could be increased by impregnation with an etherificated melamine formaldehyde resin. Using this resin as a reference, a waterbased fatty acid modificated alkyd-resin and two drying-oils were assessed for their biological performance in a mini-block laboratory test. Although drying-oils, like linseed-oil, are often...
M Sailer, A O Rapp, R-D Peek
Treatment of poplar plywood with solvent and water-borne preservatives
1989 - IRG/WP 3538
Poplar as a light hardwood is appropriate for plywood production. Owing to its low natural durability it is generally recommended to preserve it in all conditions where risks of fungal attack may be present. A research project has been carried out on preservative treatments of plywood commodities. Parameters studied were various treatment cycles, three types of plywood, and a number of solvent and...
J Van Acker, M Stevens
Comparison of methods for monitoring CCA fixation
1994 - IRG/WP 94-40023
The CCA fixation status in the outer 12.5 mm of pole sections of southern pine (Pinus sp.), red pine (Pinus resinosa) and lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta var. latifolia) were followed during fixation at 21°C under non-drying conditions by the following procedures: - Qualitative CrVI indication by the chromotropic acid spot test. - Quantitative CrVI in the expressate by the diphenylcarbazide method...
P A Cooper, Y T Ung, G Zanjani
Remediation of a large CCA-impregnation plant
1998 - IRG/WP 98-50101-13
During 1949-85 the Swedish Telecom ran a plant for pressure impregnation of poles in Hjältevad, 80 km east of Jönköping in the southern part of Sweden. About one million poles were treated with CCA-preservaties. Leaks and accidential spills have contaminated soil and groundwater within the 5 ha large site. The total amount of released arsenic, the main pollutant, is estimated to 6-7 metric tons...
P Englöv
Marine trials with water-borne salts and organotin compound
1986 - IRG/WP 4128
Pinus sylvestris blocks treated with water-borne salts (CCA, CCB, CCF) and organotin compounds (TBTO, TBTCl) were submerged in the sea at Follonica station. The results obtained after 12 years of immersion are presented. The samples treated with CCA, CCB and CCF at the lowest concentration (2%) were destroyed after 7-9 years and the samples treated with CCB and CCF at the highest concentrations (4...
A Gambetta, E Orlandi
IRG/COIPM INTERNATIONAL MARINE TEST - to determine the effect of timber substrate on the effectiveness of water-borne salt preservatives in sea-water. Progress Report 18. Report of seventh inspection (72 months) in Australia
1984 - IRG/WP 4108
This report includes the results for the 72 month inspection of the IRG/COIPM International Marine Test installed in Sydney Harbour. Although, overall, attack by teredinid and limnorid borers have been most commonly encountered in test specimens at this site, slight attack, mainly by sphaeromatids, has recently been initiated on some hitherto unattacked treated Alstonia scholaris and Pinus sylvest...
L J Cookson, J E Barnacle
Rainfall simulation to assess CCA permanence
1991 - IRG/WP 2373
During experimental work on accelerated fixation of chromium containing preservatives a method has been developed which compares the degree of preservative levels of contamination of simulated preservative fixation in timber with the levels of simulated rainfall. This method uses commercial sized wood sections wetted in a way that simulates actual rainfall and relates the associated run-off contam...
P Warburton, J A Cornfield
Surface accumulation of copper on CCA-impregnated Pinus patula stakes during marine preservative trials in the southern hemisphere
1992 - IRG/WP 92-4181
Pinus patula stakes treated with CCA to target retentions of 30 kg/m³ salts were exposed to sea water in marine and estuarine ecosystems off the coast of Southern Africa for two years. Samples were then analysed for copper and arsenic. Analysis of samples from the marine ecosystem showed (IRG/WP/4167) that arsenic was longitudinally and transversely leached from the wood, whereas the copper was r...
G D Shelver, C D McQuaid, M Tarin, A A W Baecker
Penetration and distribution of styrene in pressure treated hardwoods
1997 - IRG/WP 97-40094
A styrene impregnation method was used to compare liquid distribution in several species as affected by flow direction, sapwood/heartwood, and method of impregnation. Twenty-five mm ( 1") cubes were cut from the sapwood and heartwood of red maple (Acer rubrum), white birch (Betula papyrifera), yellow poplar (Liriodendron tulipifera), trembling aspen (Populus tremuloides), red oak (Quercus rubra), ...
P A Cooper, T S Janezic, U Srinivasan, A Omidvar
Preservative treatment of green timber by diffusion
1984 - IRG/WP 3291
The preservative treatment of green timber by diffusion is reviewed together with criteria which influence the economics of the process. New process options are described which should overcome some of the technical and economic disadvantages of double diffusion. These include the use of coagulating agents which increase the viscosity of the preservative solution and facilitate treatment by momenta...
P Vinden
Chemical treatment of ten Amazonian timber species of low natural durability
1991 - IRG/WP 3640
The objective of this work was to evaluate the performance of 10 amazonian wood species of low natural durability, to treatment with CCA preservative (2% concentration): it was concluded that all species studied are easily treated with this preservative. The sapwood showed high absorption and total penetration. The heartwood is relatively easy to preserve, exception to Parkia nitidae (Fava), Quale...
C S Neta, B F Vianez
Effect of test site, preservative and wood species on decay type Glenbervie pastoral and radiata pine forest sites
2000 - IRG/WP 00-30248
Pinus radiata stakes were treated with 0.8, 1.2, 1.8, 2.7 and 4.1 kg/m3 of CCA and Fagus sylvatica with 2.7, 4.1 and 6.1 kg/m3 of CCA. Both wood species were also treated with equivalent retentions of a copper plus triazole preservative (CT) (0.89, 1.3, 2 and 3 kg/m3 of copper for pine & 2.5 and 4 for beech) and chlorothalonil plus chlorpyriphos in oil (CC) (1.4, 2.1, 3.2 and 4.8 kg/m3 of chlo...
R N Wakeling
The effect of composition on the effectiveness and fixation of CCA and copper/chrome preservatives. Part 1: Effectiveness. Part 2: Selective absorption and fixation
1973 - IRG/WP 324
A preliminary study of a wide range of copper-chrome-arsenic formulations indicates that the most effective are in the region, CuSO4 · 5H2O - 35 to 45 per cent; K2Cr2O7 - 40 per cent and above; As2O5 · 2H2O - 25 to 15 per cent or less. Effectiveness appears to depend more on the copper content than the copper - arsenic. Observations on selective absorption and leaching suggest that the chromium ...
D N R Smith, A I Williams
The effect of chemical treatment on the moisture distribution of Pinus radiata D.Don subjected to wick action
1999 - IRG/WP 99-40135
Radiata pine sapwood stakes were treated with a range of chemicals, including an ammoniacal copper quaternary ammonium compound (ACQ), a copper-chrome and arsenic (CCA) solution and a CCA-oil treatment, potassium linoleate copper linoleate, a paraffin wax and a proprietary alkyd resin. The effect of these treatments on the extent of water absorption and moisture movement through the stakes was inv...
J Hann, P Vinden
Sphaeroma terebrans Bate: A note on distribution and preservative tolerance in Florida coastal waters
1987 - IRG/WP 4135
Treated test panels were installed in January 1984 in a Florida estuary where Sphaeroma terebrans had severely damaged pilings treated with copper chromate arsenate (CCA). Test treatments were CCA at three retentions, coal-tar creosote at three retentions, creosote with chlorpyrifos, dual treatment with CCA and creosote, and three types of chemical modification of the wood test panels. We describe...
B R Johnson, E D Estevez, S A Rice
The emission of boron compounds from treated particleboard
2000 - IRG/WP 00-40179
The emission of chemical vapours can be harmful both during treatment and service of wood and wood products. Samples of Standard particleboard (for interior use) were treated with trimethylborate, and a number of modified organo-boron compounds. Treated samples were placed immediately under a desiccator lid and air was drawn across each samples to 3 water traps. Water samples were taken after 30, ...
K M Filcock, P Vinden
Assessment of residual retentions in creosote treated Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) poles after 45 years ground contact service in the Lemstervaart in the Dutch polder
1994 - IRG/WP 94-50022
In a project funded by the Water State Authorities (RWS) and the Noordoostpolder Water Board, the residual retentions in ten creosote treated Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) poles were examined after 45 years ground contact service along a canal (Lemstervaart) in the Dutch Noordoostpolder. The Lemstervaart location was selected due to the fact that the poles involved had been originally treated and ...
P Esser, W L D Suitela, A J Pendlebury, H Visscher
Emissions from the combusting of boron and fluoride containing wood
1995 - IRG/WP 95-50040-18
The combustion properties of waste wood and wood residues containing wood preservatives were investigated in several test series after having been blended with untreated wood at a ratio of 1:4. The results for CFB, SF and boric salt show that, provided an optimized combustion, the concentrations of the stack pollutants correspond approximately with those found for untreated wood. Only during the c...
T Salthammer, H Klipp, R-D Peek
Notes on a wood preservation industry in Medan, North Sumatera, Indonesia
1987 - IRG/WP 3405
This paper deals with a descriptive account on the development of a wood preservation industry in Medan, North Sumatera (Indonesia). The industry was established in 1974 when the State Owned Electicity Corporation decided to use wooden power poles for their distribution network in North Sumatera province. However, the use of wooden power poles was discontinued in 1981, so as the preservation indus...
N Supriana, A Murad
The performance of metal-chromium-arsenic formulations after 32 to 38 years' in-ground exposure in Australia
2000 - IRG/WP 00-30240
Two trials of metal-chromium-arsenic preservatives were exposed in-ground in Australia. In Trial 1, Pinus radiata stakes treated with Boliden K.33, Boliden S.25, Celcure A, Tanalith C and Tanalith CA were installed at Sydney and Narrandera in 1961/1962. In Trial 2, P. radiata and Eucalyptus regnans sapwood were treated with Celcure A, Celcure A21-N, Celcure A 21-O and Tanalith CA (new) and install...
G C Johnson, J D Thornton, J Beesley
Field and greenhouse testing of window joinery of pine and spruce treated with LOSP
1991 - IRG/WP 3658
Norwegian window frame components of full size were double vacuum-treated with TBTN and TBTO, and connected as 'L-joints' and subsequently coated with stains. The corner sections were exposed (out of ground contact) both in field (temperated coastal climate, Taastrup, Denmark) and in a greenhouse (Uppsala, Sweden). The window frame L-joints of spruce (Picea abies Karst.) - treate...
F G Evans, B Henningsson, E Borsholt
Losses of preservatives from treated wood during service. Results from a questionnaire
1994 - IRG/WP 94-50031
From environmental as well as from performance point of view it is of interest to know how much of the preservatives in treated wood that is leached out or evaporated from the wood during service. Many laboratory studies are carried out on leaching from small samples in distilled water or water with different pH. These studies give a good picture of the relative leaching from wood treated with dif...
M-L Edlund
Durability of heat-treated wood
1999 - IRG/WP 99-40145
Heat-treated wood from the French process were laboratory tested against decay using agar block test and a modified soil block test. Water absorption, bending strength, lignin content and acid number were also determined to evaluate the effect of heat treatment. Heat treated samples exhibit a higher lignin content and a lower acid number compared to untreated control indicating the degradation of ...
D P Kamdem, A Pizzi, R Guyonnet, A Jermannaud
Diffusion of chromium and fluoride in Rentex treated creosoted pole sections
1991 - IRG/WP 3659
A chromated fluoride preservative was applied by injection to the groundline regions of creosoted distribution pole sections and these were erected at a filed site in Scotland. Wood samples were recovered for chemical analysis at one week, two, five and twelve months after treatment. Small sample mass and destructive nature of the analysis necessitated modification of an alkali fusion technique to...
D C R Sinclair, G M Smith, A Bruce, B King, H J Staines